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            <gco:CharacterString>These data represent a synthesis of expert knowledge and available hardcopy reports and digital data on bird nesting, migratory staging, feeding, and wintering concentration areas.  Portions of this information were adapted from Washington Priority Habitat digital data. Contact Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) for additional information on this database.   See also the NESTS (Nest Points) data layer, part of the larger Columbia River ESI database, for additional bird information.  These data do not necessarily represent all bird occurrences in the Columbia River area.  The following species are included in this data set: (Species_ID, Common Name, Scientific Name, if applicable):  7, Western grebe, Aechmophorus occidentalis; 8, Double-crested cormorant, Phalacrocorax auritus; 9, Brandt's cormorant, Phalacrocorax penicillatus; 10, Pelagic cormorant, Phalacrocorax pelagicus; 11, Tundra swan, Cygnus columbianus; 12, Canada goose, Branta Canadensis; 14, Greater white-fronted goose, Anser albifrons; 16, Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos; 17, Northern pintail, Anas acuta; 18, Green-winged teal, Anas crecca; 21, Canvasback, Aythya valisineria; 24, Common goldeneye, Bucephala clangula; 28, Harlequin duck, Histrionicus histrionicus; 29, White-winged scoter, Melanitta fusca; 30, Surf scoter, Melanitta perspicillata; 32, Common merganser, Mergus merganser; 34, American coot, Fulica Americana; 36, Glaucous-winged gull, Larus glaucescens; 37, Western gull, Larus occidentalis; 40, Ring-billed gull, Larus delawarensis; 54, Great blue heron, Ardea herodias; 56, Spotted sandpiper, Actitis macularia; 63, Dunlin, Calidris alpine; 66, Western sandpiper, Calidris mauri; 67, Sanderling, Calidris alba; 70, Killdeer, Charadrius vociferous; 76, Bald eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus; 77, Osprey, Pandion haliaetus; 88, Great egret, Ardea alba; 97, Green heron, Butorides virescens; 107, Peregrine falcon, Falco peregrinus; 118, Brown pelican, Pelecanus occidentalis; 136, Caspian tern, Sterna caspia; 169, American wigeon, Anas Americana; 170, Trumpeter swan, Cygnus buccinator; 171, Dusky Canada goose, Branta canadensis occidentalis; 172, Sandhill crane, Grus Canadensis; 191, Wood duck, Aix sponsa; 273, Geese; 299, Scaup, Aythya spp.; 462, Loons, Gavia spp.; 596, Purple martin, Progne subis; 1001, Gulls; 1002, Shorebirds; 1003, Waterfowl; 1004, Wading birds; 1013, Dabbling ducks; 1014, Diving ducks; 1021, Ducks; 1026, Grebes; 1027, Swans, Cygnus spp.</gco:CharacterString>
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        </gmd:DQ_CompletenessCommission>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Conceptual Consistency</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:nameOfMeasure>
          <gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
            <gco:CharacterString>A multi-stage error checking process, described in the above Attribute_Accuracy_Report, is used to verify both attribute accuracy and logical consistency throughout data production.  This process includes multiple automated logical consistency checks that test the files for missing or duplicate data, rules for proper coding, GIS topological consistencies (such as dangles, unnecessary nodes, etc.), and SQL SERVER(r) to ARC/INFO(r) consistencies.  A final review is made by the GIS manager, where the data are written to CD-ROM and the metadata are written.After the data are delivered to NOAA, they are again subjected to a number of quality and consistency checks. In the process of checking for topological and database consistencies, new ID's and RARNUM's or HUNUM's are also generated.  The new ID's are a combination of atlas number, element number, and record number.  In addition, the value used to represent the element is modified to reflect the type of feature being mapped.  In the case of an element that is normally represented by a point or polygon, a value of 20 is added to the standard element value for mapping of linear features.  In the case where an element usually mapped as a polygon is represented by a point, a value of 30 is added to the regular element value.  The RARNUM's are also modified to include the atlas number, so multiple atlases can be combined and RARNUM's remain unique.  RARNUM's are redefined on an element basis, so "resource at risk" groupings will contain only a single element.  HUNUM's are also modified to include the atlas number.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
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        </gmd:DQ_ConceptualConsistency>
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              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Three main sources of data were used to depict bird distribution and seasonality for this data layer: (1) personal interviews with resource experts from Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW), Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW), and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); (2) numerous published and unpublished reports; and (3) information adapted from Washington Priority Habitat data.  (Contact WDFW for more information regarding the Washington Priority Habitat data.)  Information gathered during initial interviews and from hardcopy sources was compiled onto U.S. Geological Survey 1:24,000 topographic quadrangles.The compiled data were digitized off of the base maps into an ArcInfo system to create the BIRDS data layer.  All ESI, biology, and human-use data were plotted onto hardcopy draft maps.  Following the delivery of draft maps to the participating resource experts, a second set of interviews was conducted to review the maps.  Edits to the BIRDS data layer were made based on the recommendations of the resource experts, and final hardcopy maps were created.Concentration information varied, and therefore for some species and locations, descriptive terms such as "HIGH" or "PRESENT" were used, while for others, numerical counts of individuals or pairs were used. When exact concentrations varied from year to year, concentration ranges such as "1000S", "100-500", or "1000-2000-PAIRS" were used. Generally, these numbers represented the peak concentrations of birds present or potentially present. If no concentration information was available from any source, the concentration field was populated with "-". Concentration and seasonality information was provided by resource experts, or was extracted from published sources, reports, and survey data.</gco:CharacterString>
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                <gco:DateTime>2004-08-01T00:00:00</gco:DateTime>
              </gmd:dateTime>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Source Contribution: Nesting sites for bald eagles in Washington and Oregon | Source Geospatial Form: spreadsheet | Type of Source Media: CD-ROM</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
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                  <gmd:denominator>
                    <gco:Integer>24000</gco:Integer>
                  </gmd:denominator>
                </gmd:MD_RepresentativeFraction>
              </gmd:scaleDenominator>
              <gmd:sourceCitation>
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                    <gco:CharacterString>Bald Eagle Nesting Sites in Oregon and Washington</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:title>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gmd:CI_Date>
                      <gmd:date>
                        <gco:Date>2004-01-01</gco:Date>
                      </gmd:date>
                      <gmd:dateType>
                        <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication">publication</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                    </gmd:CI_Date>
                  </gmd:date>
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                    <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                      <gmd:organisationName>
                        <gco:CharacterString>Isaacs, F.</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:organisationName>
                      <gmd:role gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
                    </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                  </gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
                </gmd:CI_Citation>
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                    <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                      <gmd:extent>
                        <gml:TimeInstant gml:id="sourceExtent-602844">
                          <gml:timePosition>2004</gml:timePosition>
                        </gml:TimeInstant>
                      </gmd:extent>
                    </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                  </gmd:temporalElement>
                </gmd:EX_Extent>
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              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Source Contribution: Distribution and seasonality information for birds | Source Geospatial Form: Expert knowledge | Type of Source Media: Personal communication</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:sourceCitation>
                <gmd:CI_Citation>
                  <gmd:title>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Bird and Mammal Distribution along the Columbia River</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:title>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gmd:CI_Date>
                      <gmd:date>
                        <gco:Date>2004-01-01</gco:Date>
                      </gmd:date>
                      <gmd:dateType>
                        <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication">publication</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                    </gmd:CI_Date>
                  </gmd:date>
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                    <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
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                        <gco:CharacterString>Kohl, K., Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW)</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:organisationName>
                      <gmd:role gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
                    </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                  </gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
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                          <gml:timePosition>2004-01</gml:timePosition>
                        </gml:TimeInstant>
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                </gmd:EX_Extent>
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              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Source Contribution: Distribution and seasonality information for Caspian Terns | Source Geospatial Form: Hardcopy Text | Type of Source Media: paper</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:sourceCitation>
                <gmd:CI_Citation>
                  <gmd:title>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Caspian Tern Research on the Lower Columbia River, Draft 2003 Season Summary</gco:CharacterString>
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                  <gmd:date>
                    <gmd:CI_Date>
                      <gmd:date>
                        <gco:Date>2003-11-01</gco:Date>
                      </gmd:date>
                      <gmd:dateType>
                        <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication">publication</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                    </gmd:CI_Date>
                  </gmd:date>
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                      <gmd:organisationName>
                        <gco:CharacterString>Collis, K.; Roby, D. et al.</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:organisationName>
                      <gmd:role gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
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                  </gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
                </gmd:CI_Citation>
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                          <gml:timePosition>2003-11</gml:timePosition>
                        </gml:TimeInstant>
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                  </gmd:temporalElement>
                </gmd:EX_Extent>
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            </gmd:LI_Source>
          </gmd:source>
          <gmd:source>
            <gmd:LI_Source>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Source Contribution: Seasonality information for birds | Source Geospatial Form: Hardcopy text | Type of Source Media: paper</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:sourceCitation>
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                  <gmd:title>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Columbia Gorge Internal Draft CCP/EA</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:title>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gmd:CI_Date>
                      <gmd:date>
                        <gco:Date>2004-01-01</gco:Date>
                      </gmd:date>
                      <gmd:dateType>
                        <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication">publication</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
                      </gmd:dateType>
                    </gmd:CI_Date>
                  </gmd:date>
                  <gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
                    <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                      <gmd:organisationName>
                        <gco:CharacterString>Anderson, E., U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:organisationName>
                      <gmd:role gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
                    </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                  </gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
                </gmd:CI_Citation>
              </gmd:sourceCitation>
              <gmd:sourceExtent>
                <gmd:EX_Extent>
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                        <gml:TimeInstant gml:id="sourceExtent-602849">
                          <gml:timePosition>2004-01</gml:timePosition>
                        </gml:TimeInstant>
                      </gmd:extent>
                    </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                  </gmd:temporalElement>
                </gmd:EX_Extent>
              </gmd:sourceExtent>
            </gmd:LI_Source>
          </gmd:source>
          <gmd:source>
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              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Source Contribution: Distribution and seasonality information for birds | Source Geospatial Form: Expert Knowledge | Type of Source Media: Personal communication</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:sourceCitation>
                <gmd:CI_Citation>
                  <gmd:title>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Distribution of Fish, Birds, Plants, and Mammals in the Columbia River</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:title>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gmd:CI_Date>
                      <gmd:date>
                        <gco:Date>2004-02-01</gco:Date>
                      </gmd:date>
                      <gmd:dateType>
                        <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication">publication</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                  </gmd:date>
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                      <gmd:organisationName>
                        <gco:CharacterString>Clark, A., U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:organisationName>
                      <gmd:role gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
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                  </gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
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                          <gml:timePosition>2004-02</gml:timePosition>
                        </gml:TimeInstant>
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                </gmd:EX_Extent>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Source Contribution: Distribution information for birds | Source Geospatial Form: Expert knowledge | Type of Source Media: Personal communication</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:sourceCitation>
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                    <gco:CharacterString>Distribution of Fish, Birds, and Mammals along the Columbia River</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:title>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gmd:CI_Date>
                      <gmd:date>
                        <gco:Date>2004-02-01</gco:Date>
                      </gmd:date>
                      <gmd:dateType>
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                        <gco:CharacterString>Van Der Naald, W., Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW)</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:organisationName>
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                          <gml:timePosition>2004-02</gml:timePosition>
                        </gml:TimeInstant>
                      </gmd:extent>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Source Contribution: Distribution information for birds | Source Geospatial Form: Expert knowledge | Type of Source Media: Personal communication</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:sourceCitation>
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                    <gco:CharacterString>Distribution of Wildlife along the Columbia River</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:title>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gmd:CI_Date>
                      <gmd:date>
                        <gco:Date>2004-02-01</gco:Date>
                      </gmd:date>
                      <gmd:dateType>
                        <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication">publication</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                  </gmd:date>
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                        <gco:CharacterString>Rien, T., Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW)</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:organisationName>
                      <gmd:role gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
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                  </gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
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                          <gml:timePosition>2004-02</gml:timePosition>
                        </gml:TimeInstant>
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                </gmd:EX_Extent>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Source Contribution: Distribution and seasonality information of birds on Sauvie Island and surrounding areas | Source Geospatial Form: Expert Knowledge | Type of Source Media: Personal communication</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
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                    <gco:CharacterString>Distribution of Wildlife on Sauvie Island and Surrounding Areas</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:title>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gmd:CI_Date>
                      <gmd:date>
                        <gco:Date>2004-02-01</gco:Date>
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                    </gmd:CI_Date>
                  </gmd:date>
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                      <gmd:organisationName>
                        <gco:CharacterString>Nebeker, M., Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW)</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:organisationName>
                      <gmd:role gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
                    </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                  </gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
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                          <gml:timePosition>2004-02</gml:timePosition>
                        </gml:TimeInstant>
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                </gmd:EX_Extent>
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                <gco:CharacterString>Source Contribution: Distribution and seasonality information for birds | Source Geospatial Form: Expert Knowledge | Type of Source Media: Personal communication</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:sourceCitation>
                <gmd:CI_Citation>
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                    <gco:CharacterString>Distribution of Wildlife on the Lower Columbia River</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:title>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gmd:CI_Date>
                      <gmd:date>
                        <gco:Date>2004-01-01</gco:Date>
                      </gmd:date>
                      <gmd:dateType>
                        <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication">publication</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
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                    </gmd:CI_Date>
                  </gmd:date>
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                        <gco:CharacterString>Anderson, E., U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:organisationName>
                      <gmd:role gco:nilReason="inapplicable" />
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                        <gml:TimeInstant gml:id="sourceExtent-602842">
                          <gml:timePosition>2004-01</gml:timePosition>
                        </gml:TimeInstant>
                      </gmd:extent>
                    </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
                  </gmd:temporalElement>
                </gmd:EX_Extent>
              </gmd:sourceExtent>
            </gmd:LI_Source>
          </gmd:source>
          <gmd:source>
            <gmd:LI_Source>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Source Contribution: Seasonality information for the Greater Sandhill Crane | Source Geospatial Form: Hardcopy text | Type of Source Media: paper</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:sourceCitation>
                <gmd:CI_Citation>
                  <gmd:title>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Final Status Report on the 2003 Greater Sandhill Crane Nesting Season</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:title>
                  <gmd:date>
                    <gmd:CI_Date>
                      <gmd:date>
                        <gco:Date>2004-01-01</gco:Date>
                      </gmd:date>
                      <gmd:dateType>
                        <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication">publication</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
                      </gmd:dateType>
                    </gmd:CI_Date>
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