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Signature development occurred in the summer of 2001. The images were orthorectified using ground control points sourced from state digital orthoquads and the National Imagery and Mapping Agency's Digital Terrain Elevation Data. The resulting benthic data is classified according to the System for Classification of Habitats in Estuarine and Marine Environments. The thematic accuracy of these data has not been assessed due to the significant time difference between the 1992 image acquisition and the 2002 interpretation date.

The layers available within the data download include biotic and substrate.

Partners: State of North Carolina</gco:CharacterString>
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All content is licensed under the CC0 1.0 Universal public domain dedication.</gco:CharacterString>
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                    </gmd:CI_Contact>
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                </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
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      <gmd:language>
        <gco:CharacterString>eng; US</gco:CharacterString>
      </gmd:language>
      <gmd:topicCategory>
        <gmd:MD_TopicCategoryCode>biota</gmd:MD_TopicCategoryCode>
      </gmd:topicCategory>
      <gmd:topicCategory>
        <gmd:MD_TopicCategoryCode>environment</gmd:MD_TopicCategoryCode>
      </gmd:topicCategory>
      <gmd:extent>
        <gmd:EX_Extent>
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              <gmd:westBoundLongitude>
                <gco:Decimal>-77.1686</gco:Decimal>
              </gmd:westBoundLongitude>
              <gmd:eastBoundLongitude>
                <gco:Decimal>-76.5522</gco:Decimal>
              </gmd:eastBoundLongitude>
              <gmd:southBoundLatitude>
                <gco:Decimal>34.6384</gco:Decimal>
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                <gco:Decimal>34.7821</gco:Decimal>
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            <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
              <gmd:extent>
                <gml:TimePeriod gml:id="boundingTemporalExtent-1-1">
                  <gml:description>| Currentness: Publication Date</gml:description>
                  <gml:beginPosition>1992-05-04</gml:beginPosition>
                  <gml:endPosition>1992-05-24</gml:endPosition>
                </gml:TimePeriod>
              </gmd:extent>
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        <gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
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            <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
              <gmd:linkage>
                <gmd:URL>https://marinecadastre.gov/downloads/data/benthic/bogue_sound_1992.zip</gmd:URL>
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                <gco:CharacterString>WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link</gco:CharacterString>
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              <gmd:function>
                <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="download">download</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
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        <gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
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            <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
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      <gmd:scope>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Accuracy</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>A spatial accuracy assessment was conducted in the fall of 2002 using the National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA) statistic. Due to the 10 years between image acquisition and interpretation, a rigorous thematic accuracy assessment would not be reliable. However, field visits indicated that of 33 SAV polygons mapped from the 1992 imagery, 30 had SAV present when visited in 2001 and 2002 (90% agreement).</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Horizontal Positional Accuracy</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
            <gco:CharacterString>This data set tested 11 meters horizontal accuracy at 95% confidence level using the NSSDA. Several factors may reduce the horizontal accuracy of the data. The imagery for Bogue Sound was rectified using ground control points (GCPs) selected from features from the state digital orthophoto quadrangles (DOQ). The DOQs had a 1-meter ground resolution at a scale of 1:12,000. During interpretation, offsets as great as 10 meters were noted between neighboring DOQs. In addition, no camera report was available for the imagery. The camera report would have helped account for distortions due the camera lens.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
          <gmd:result gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmd:DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy>
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      <gmd:report>
        <gmd:DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy>
          <gmd:nameOfMeasure>
            <gco:CharacterString>Vertical Positional Accuracy</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:nameOfMeasure>
          <gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
            <gco:CharacterString>A National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED (r)) was used for vertical accuracy. The DTED is a level 1 coverage with a 77-meter pixel size.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
          <gmd:result gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmd:DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy>
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      <gmd:report>
        <gmd:DQ_CompletenessCommission>
          <gmd:nameOfMeasure>
            <gco:CharacterString>Completeness Report</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
            <gco:CharacterString>Untested</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
          <gmd:result gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmd:DQ_CompletenessCommission>
      </gmd:report>
      <gmd:report>
        <gmd:DQ_ConceptualConsistency>
          <gmd:nameOfMeasure>
            <gco:CharacterString>Conceptual Consistency</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:nameOfMeasure>
          <gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
            <gco:CharacterString>These data are logically consistent</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:result gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmd:DQ_ConceptualConsistency>
      </gmd:report>
      <gmd:lineage>
        <gmd:LI_Lineage>
          <gmd:statement gco:nilReason="missing" />
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>The 1992 imagery for Bogue Sound, NC was acquired from the NOS MapFinder Web site. Signature development took place during the summer of 2001. Field observations were used to help the interpreter recognize and identify the benthic signatures and develop the classification scheme. The images were scanned using a photogrammetric quality scanner (AGFA Horizon Plus) at a resolution of 600 dots per inch (dpi) resulting in a pixel resolution of 0.85 meters. The digital images were orthorectified using ERDAS Imagine 8.5 Orthobase. No camera report was available for the 1992 imagery, so the default RC-20 Wild camera settings were used. Ground control points were selected from similar features on the 1999 North Carolina USGS standard digital orthophoto quadrangles (DOQ). The DOQs are compressed JPEG files at a scale of 1:12,000 with 1-meter resolution. They were purchased from the state of North Carolina in 2002. NIMA Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) level 1 coverage with a 77-meter resolution were used for the vertical data reference. The orthorectified images were interpreted and digitized on screen using ArcGIS 8.2. The benthic data is classified according to the System for Classification of Habitats in Estuarine and Marine Environments (SCHEME). The data were labeled using ArcView 3.2 and the Benthic Habitat Digitizer extension (developed by the NOS Biogeography Program). The data have not been assessed for thematic accuracy due to the large disparity between dates of image acquisition in 1992 and interpretation in 2002. The data was assessed for spatial accuracy during the fall of 2002. Sources used in this processing step were the DTED, Aerial Photos, and DOQs.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:dateTime>
                <gco:DateTime>2002-08-30T00:00:00</gco:DateTime>
              </gmd:dateTime>
            </gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>The data were converted from a single ESRI polygon data set classified according to the System for Classifying Habitats in Estuarine and Marine Environments (SCHEME) to the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) 2012 format. This produced separate biotic and substrate feature layers from the original input benthic habitat dataset. Each of the two feature layers contain respective CMECS biotic and substrate component attributes where an "Equal" or "Nearly Equal" SCHEME value was present in the original data. Polygons for which no biotic or substrate information was present have been removed. No other changes to the original polygon boundaries or any other alterations of the original SCHEME data were made during this process.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:dateTime>
                <gco:DateTime>2015-01-01T00:00:00</gco:DateTime>
              </gmd:dateTime>
            </gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Standardized common design elements, cleaned up field content, repaired geometry, and projected to NAD83.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:dateTime>
                <gco:DateTime>2025-08-01T00:00:00</gco:DateTime>
              </gmd:dateTime>
            </gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:source>
            <gmd:LI_Source>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Source Contribution: The DTED (Level 1 coverage) was used as the horizontal control during the orthorectification. Source data were from CD-ROM.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:sourceCitation>
                <gmd:CI_Citation>
                  <gmd:title>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED (r))</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:title>
                  <gmd:date gco:nilReason="missing" />
                  <gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
                    <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                      <gmd:organisationName>
                        <gco:CharacterString>National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA)</gco:CharacterString>
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                      <gmd:role>
                        <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#gmd:CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="originator">originator</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
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                      <gmd:extent>
                        <gml:TimeInstant gml:id="sourceExtent-1461410">
                          <gml:timePosition>1996-02-08</gml:timePosition>
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    </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
  </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>