gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:57530 eng UTF8 dataset National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science resourceProvider NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator NCCOS.data@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2026-03-04T19:17:20 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NCCOS Assessment: Biogeographic Surveys of Benthic and Fish Communities in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico from 2001-01-09 to 2012-11-02 NCCOS Project: Coral Reef Monitoring 2001-2012 2001 creation 2019 revision 2013 publication NOAA/NMFS/EDM 57530 PENDING https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/57530 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Full Metadata Record View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset. information Jeffrey, Chris chris.jeffrey@noaa.gov Principal Investigator: • Chris Jeffrey, chris.jeffrey@noaa.gov, US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) Additional Principal Investigators: • John Christensen, NCCOS • Mark Monaco, NCCOS • Chris Caldow, US DOC; NOAA; NOS; Office of National Marine Sanctuaries; Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary (CINMS) • Kimberly Roberson, US DOC; NOAA; NOS; Office of National Marine Sanctuaries; Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary (GRNMS) • Randy Clark, NCCOS Collaborators: • Alan Friedlander, University of Hawaii at Manoa • Tom McGrath, NCCOS • Jeff Miller, US DOI; National Park Service (NPS); South Florida/Caribbean Network • Caroline Rogers, US DOI; US Geological Survey (USGS) • Zandy Hillis Starr, US DOI; National Park Service (NPS) • Richard Appeldoorn, Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico • Emma Hickerson, US DOC; NOAA; NOS; Office of National Marine Sanctuaries; Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS) • Laurie Bauer, NCCOS • Simon Pittman, NCCOS • Matt Kendall, NCCOS • Jessica Morgan, NCCOS principalInvestigator https://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/collections/biogeo/benthic-fish-surveys-caribbean-gulf-of-mexico-2001-2012/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NCCOS Data Collection Webpage: Biogeographic Surveys of Benthic and Fish Communities in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico from 2001-2012 NCCOS Data Collection Webpage: Biogeographic Surveys of Benthic and Fish Communities in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico from 2001-2012 download tableDigital This data compilation includes benthic and fish survey data collected in St. Croix, St. John and St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands (USVI); La Parguera, Guanica, Jobos Bay, and Vieques, Puerto Rico; and Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS) in the Gulf of Mexico. Data were collected on a biennial basis from 2001 through 2012 and in a consistent manner with established protocols by NOAA's NCCOS Biogeography Branch. In 2013, these long-term Caribbean and FGBNMS monitoring efforts merged with other monitoring programs funded by Coral Reef Conservation Program to form the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP), an ongoing program designed to monitor and assess changes in the composition of coral and reef fish communities. In the Caribbean, the target objectives were primarily to: 1) spatially characterize and monitor the distribution, abundance, and size of both reef fishes and macro-invertebrates (conch, lobster, Diadema); 2) relate this information to in-situ data collected on associated benthic composition parameters; and 3) use this information to establish the knowledge base necessary for enacting management decisions in a spatial setting. For the Gulf of Mexico, the target objectives were to: 1) design a sampling strategy that will quantify in a spatially robust manner the status of the benthic fish community; 2) carry out the initial implementation of this sampling strategy; 3) relate the data collected describing the fish communities to data concurrently collected on associated benthic composition; 4) groundtruth and collect underwater imagery and video to improve existing map products; 5) employ multiple survey techniques to sample (ROV to survey the deeper water communities, a combination of divers and technical divers, and ship-based hydroacoustics); and 6) analyze the information gathered to help guide sanctuary resource management decisions. The projects represented in this data compilation were conducted by NOAA NCCOS Biogeography Branch in collaboration with various partners, including NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP), the Office of National Marine Sanctuaries (ONMS), the National Park Service, USVI Department of Natural Resources, NOAA's Office of Response and Restoration (OR&R), Puerto Rico's Department of Natural and Environmental Resources, University of Puerto Rico, Jobos Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, and US Department of Agriculture, Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research, NOAA’s Center for Coastal Environment and Health and Biomolecular Research (CCEHBR), and NOAA's Cooperative Institute for Ocean Exploration, Research and Technology (CIORET). NCRMP is funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program and supported by NCCOS and many other partners. underDevelopment Hile, Sarah 240-533-0370 301-713-4384 1305 East-West Hwy Silver Spring MD 20910 sarah.hile@noaa.gov Point of Contact: • Sarah Hile, sarah.hile@noaa.gov, NCCOS • NCCOS Data Manager, nccos.data@noaa.gov, NCCOS pointOfContact NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator NCCOS.data@noaa.gov custodian https://cdn.coastalscience.noaa.gov/csmedia/2017/09/NCCOS-with-tag-to-side-wht-bld.png Browse Graphic: NCCOS EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES > FISH EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > BENTHIC EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > REEF > CORAL REEF EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > GEOMORPHIC LANDFORMS/PROCESSES > COASTAL LANDFORMS > CORAL REEFS theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 17.0 OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > CARIBBEAN SEA > PUERTO RICO OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > CARIBBEAN SEA > VIRGIN ISLANDS OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > GULF OF AMERICA place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 20.8 DOC/NOAA/NOS/NCCOS > National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords NCCOS Research Data Type > Field Observation NCCOS Research Data Type > Long-term Monitoring NCCOS Research Priority > Marine Spatial Ecology NCCOS Research Topic > Ecological and Biogeographic Assessments NCCOS Research Location > Region > Caribbean Sea NCCOS Research Location > Region > Gulf of Mexico NCCOS Research Location > U.S. States and Territories > Puerto Rico NCCOS Research Location > U.S. States and Territories > U.S. Virgin Islands theme NCCOS Keywords M/V Manta NOAA Ship Nancy Foster theme NODC Platform Names Thesaurus Buck Island Reef National Monument (BIRNM) Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS) Jobos Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve (JBNERR) St. Croix East End Marine Park (EEMP) St. Thomas East End Reserve (STEER) Virgin Islands National Coral Reef Monument (VICR) Virgin Islands National Park (VIIS) Caribbean Sea Coastal Ocean theme NODC Sea Area Names Thesaurus Gulf of Mexico place DOC/NOAA/NOS/NCCOS > National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2017-04-24 publication 8.5 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian NCCOS Assessment Team project InPort otherRestrictions Cite As: National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, [Date of Access]: NCCOS Assessment: Biogeographic Surveys of Benthic and Fish Communities in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico from 2001-01-09 to 2012-11-02 [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/57530. NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose. otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None otherRestrictions Use Constraints: None unclassified NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA/NMFS/EDM 57530 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nos/nccos/dmp/pdf/57530.pdf WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort. information crossReference eng; US oceans -93.82449 -64.0324 17.63764 27.9265 2001-01-09 2012-11-02 Partners: • US DOC; NOAA; NOS; Office of National Marine Sanctuaries; Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS) • US DOI; National Park Service (NPS); South Florida/Caribbean Network • US DOI; US Geological Survey (USGS) • US DOI; National Park Service (NPS) • US Virgin Islands Department of Planning and Natural Resources (DPNR) • Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources (DNER) • The Nature Conservancy (TNC) • University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico Funding: • US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) • US DOC; NOAA; NOS; Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) • US DOI; National Park Service (NPS) NCEI Data Archive Accession NCCOS Web Page Web Service (Other) Web Service (Other) Web Service (Other) Web Service (Other) Web Service (Other) NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science 1305 East West Highway, Rm 8110 Silver Spring MD 20910 https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science Website Website listed for National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science information nccos.data@noaa.gov distributor https://doi.org/10.25921/rt0s-ty25 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Biogeographic Survey Data Jeffrey, C., S. Hile, J. Christensen, M. Monaco, C. Caldow, K. Roberson, R. Clark, L. Bauer, S. Pittman, M. Kendall, A. Friedlander, and J. Morgan. IN PREP. NCCOS Assessment: Biogeographic Surveys of Benthic and Fish Communities in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico from 2001-01-09 to 2012-11-02 (NCEI Accession XXXXXXX). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. doi:10.25921/rt0s-ty25 download https://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/collections/biogeo/benthic-fish-surveys-caribbean-gulf-of-mexico-2001-2012/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NCCOS Data Webpage National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science. 2019. NCCOS Data Collection: Biogeographic Surveys of Benthic and Fish Communities in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico from 2001-2012. Data Webpage. download https://ecowatch.ncddc.noaa.gov/erddap/tabledap/nccos_coralreefmon01_abiotic.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Biogeographic Survey Data ERDDAP - Abiotic Composition Query and Download Data ERDDAP Web Service: NCCOS Surveys: Coral Reef Monitoring 2001-2012 - Abiotic Composition download https://ecowatch.ncddc.noaa.gov/erddap/tabledap/nccos_coralreefmon05_fish.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Biogeographic Survey Data ERDDAP - Fish Abundance Query and Download Data ERDDAP Web Service: NCCOS Surveys: Coral Reef Monitoring 2001-2012 - Fish Abundance download https://ecowatch.ncddc.noaa.gov/erddap/tabledap/nccos_coralreefmon04_macroinverts.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Biogeographic Survey Data ERDDAP - Macroinvertebrates Query and Download Data ERDDAP Web Service: NCCOS Surveys: Coral Reef Monitoring 2001-2012 - Macroinvertebrates download https://ecowatch.ncddc.noaa.gov/erddap/tabledap/nccos_coralreefmon02_biotic.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Biogeographic Survey Data ERDDAP - Biotic Composition Query and Download Data ERDDAP Web Service: NCCOS Surveys: Coral Reef Monitoring 2001-2012 - Biotic Composition download https://ecowatch.ncddc.noaa.gov/erddap/tabledap/nccos_coralreefmon03_rapidhabitatassesment.html WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Biogeographic Survey Data ERDDAP - Rapid Habitat Assessment Query and Download Data ERDDAP Web Service: NCCOS Surveys: Coral Reef Monitoring 2001-2012 - Rapid Habitat Assessment download dataset Completeness Report Datasets from 10 projects are compiled here. For details, see Distribution Information. We collected data on fish and benthic composition information across all nearshore habitat types. Sites were randomly selected and stratified by habitat types, and later location, using NOAA's benthic habitat maps of US Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and the Flower Garden Banks. Specific fish data included the abundance (counts) and size information of fish species at the lowest possible taxonomic level whereas benthic composition data included percent cover, relative abundance, size, and composition of benthic communities. At each site, fish and benthic divers were deployed, and they maintained contact with each other throughout the entire dive. One diver utilized the belt-transect visual census technique to collect data on the fish communities over an area of 100m2 (25m length X 4m width), while the other diver used quadrats to estimate benthic composition over the same area. Benthic composition methods used (methodology varied by project): Two different benthic composition methods were used to collect these data sets. All projects/locations used a fine-scale (quadrat level) benthic composition methodology; in addition, a modified habitat survey - the Rapid Habitat Assessment (RHA) - was used in St. John, USVI at specific locations. For detailed descriptions of methodologies, see Hile et al. (2019). The habitat diver placed a 1m2 quadrat divided into 100 (10 x 10cm) smaller squares (1 square equals 1 percent cover) at five separate positions in the Caribbean survey locations, and four in the Gulf of Mexico locations (FGB). Each quadrat position was randomly chosen before entering the water such that there was one random point within every 5m (Caribbean) or 6m (FGB), intervals along the transect. Percent cover was obtained as if looking at the quadrat in a two dimensional plane (i.e., a photograph) vs. three dimensions where percent cover could have added up to greater than 100%. Brief descriptions of information collected are listed below. For detailed information on the benthic methods, see Hile et al. (2019). Data were collected on the following: 1. Logistic information 2. Habitat structure 3. Proximity of structure (if softbottom site) 4. Transect depth profile (depth at each quadrat position) 5. Abiotic footprint within each quadrat position 6. Biotic footprint within each quadrat position 7. Coral (live, bleaching, diseased/dead) 8. Maximum canopy height for soft biota at the quadrat level 9. Number of individuals for sponges, gorgonians and "other" biota type (non-encrusting anemones and hydroids) at the quadrat level 10. Rugosity 11. Abundance and maturity of queen conch (Strombus gigas) within the 25 x 4m belt transect 12. Abundance of spiny lobsters (Panilaurus argus) within the 25 x 4m belt transect 13. Abundance of long-spined urchin (Diadema antillarum) within the 25 x 4m belt transect Although the 1m-square-quadrat remained the basic method of choice for habitat data collection, overtime, changes in data collection methods were made for some habitat variables, and several additional variables were added. These changes were deemed necessary to capture more precise information and as many variables as possible to explain better the observed variability in reef fish assemblage metrics. Fish sampling methods: Belt-transect method for all projects: The transect took 15 minutes regardless of habitat type or number of animals present. This allowed more mobile animals the opportunity to swim through the transect, and standardized the time during which samples were collected to allow for comparisons. As soon as the belt transect diver passed the 5m mark, the point-count and habitat divers began their work. For detailed information on the fish methods, see Hile et al. (2019). Fish data were collected on the following: 1. Logistic information 2. Taxa presence 3. Abundance and size 4. Photos Hile, Sarah 240-533-0370 sarah.hile@noaa.gov processor 01. Hile, S.D., C.F.G. Jeffrey, C. Caldow, J.D. Christensen, M.E. Monaco, and J.A. Morgan. 2019. Protocols for Characterizing Fish and Associated Benthic Communities in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico: 2001-2012. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 256. Silver Spring, MD. XX pp. https://doi.org/10.25923/z3yt-sh37 https://doi.org/10.25923/z3yt-sh37 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 02. Menza, C., J. Ault, J. Beets, J. Bohnsack, C. Caldow, J. Christensen, A. Friedlander, C. Jeffrey, M. Kendall, J. Luo, M. Monaco, S. Smith, and K. Woody. 2006. A guide to monitoring reef fish in the National Park Service’s South Florida/Caribbean Network. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 39. Silver Spring, MD. 169 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9287 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9287 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 03. Christensen, J.D., C. Jeffrey, M.E. Monaco, C. Caldow, M.S. Kendall, and R.S. Appledoorn. 2003. Cross-shelf habitat utilization patterns of reef fishes in southwestern Puerto Rico. Gulf and Caribbean Research, 14:9-27. https://doi.org/10.18785/gcr.1402.02 https://doi.org/10.18785/gcr.1402.02 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 04. Clark, R., C.F.G. Jeffrey, K. Woody, Z. Hillis-Starr, and M. Monaco. 2009. Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Coral Bleaching Around Buck Island Reef National Monument, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Bulletin of Marine Science, 84(2):167-182. https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/umrsmas/bullmar/2009/00000084/00000002/art00003 https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/umrsmas/bullmar/2009/00000084/00000002/art00003 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 05. Dorfman, D.S., S.J. Pittman, S.D. Hile, A. Clarke, C.F.G. Jeffrey, and C. Caldow. 2014. Chapter 10: Linking Landscape Condition Impacts to Coral Reef Ecosystem Composition for the East End of St. Croix. In: D.Wright (ed.). Ocean Solutions, Earth Solutions. Esri Press. http://www.doi.org/10.17128/9781589484603 http://www.doi.org/10.17128/9781589484603 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 06. Kendall, M.S., J.D. Christensen, and Z. Hillis-Starr. 2003. Multi-scale data used to analyze the spatial distribution of French grunts, Haemulon flavolineatum, relative to hard and soft bottom in a benthic landscape. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 66:19-26. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023255022513 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023255022513 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 07. Kendall, M.S., J.D. Christensen, C. Caldow, M. Coyne, C. Jeffrey, M. Monaco, W. Morrison, and Z. Hillis-Starr. 2004. The influence of bottom type and shelf position on biodiversity of tropical fish inside a recently enlarged marine reserve. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 14:113-132. https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.601 https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.601 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 08. Monaco, M.E., A.M. Friedlander, C. Caldow, J.D. Christensen, C. Rogers, J. Beets, J. Miller, and R. Boulon. 2007. Characterizing Reef Fish Populations and Habitats within and Outside the Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument: A Lesson in MPA Design. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 2007(14):33-40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2006.00521.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2006.00521.x WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 09. Pittman, S.J., C. Caldow, S.D. Hile, and M.E. Monaco. 2007a. Using seascape structure to explain the spatial patterns of juvenile fish in Caribbean mangroves. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 348:273-284. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07052 https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07052 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 10. Pittman S.J., J. Christensen, C. Caldow, C. Menza, and M.E. Monaco. 2007b. Predictive mapping of fish species richness across shallow-water seascapes of the U.S. Caribbean. Ecological Modelling, 204:9-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.12.017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.12.017 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 11. Friedlander, A.M., C.F.G. Jeffrey, S.D. Hile, S.J. Pittman, M.E. Monaco, and C. Caldow. 2013. Coral reef ecosystems of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands: Spatial and temporal patterns in fish and benthic communities (2001-2009). NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 152. Silver Spring, MD. 150 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/789 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/789 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 12. Pittman, S.J., S.D. Hile, C.F.G. Jeffrey, R. Clark, K. Woody, B.D. Herlach, C. Caldow, M.E. Monaco, and R. Appeldoorn. 2010. Coral reef ecosystems of Reserva Natural La Parguera (Puerto Rico): Spatial and temporal patterns in fish and benthic communities (2001-2007). NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 107. Silver Spring, MD. 202 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/566 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/566 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 13. Pittman, S.J., S.D. Hile, C.F.G. Jeffrey, C. Caldow, M.S. Kendall, M.E. Monaco, and Z. Hillis-Starr. 2008. Fish assemblages and benthic habitats of Buck Island Reef National Monument (St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands) and the surrounding seascape: A characterization of spatial and temporal patterns. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 71. Silver Spring, MD. 96 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/493 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/493 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 14. Pittman, S.J., D.S. Dorfman, S.D. Hile, C.F.G. Jeffrey, M.A. Edwards, and C. Caldow. 2013. Land-Sea Characterization of the St. Croix East End Marine Park, U.S. Virgin Islands. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 170. Silver Spring, MD. 119 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/792 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/792 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 15. Friedlander, A.M., M.E. Monaco, R. Clark, S.J. Pittman, J. Beets, R. Boulon, R. Callender, J. Christensen, S.D. Hile, M.S. Kendall, J. Miller, C. Rogers, K. Stamoulis, L. Wedding, and K. Roberson. 2013. Fish Movement Patterns in Virgin Islands National Park, Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument and Adjacent Waters. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 172. Silver Spring, MD. 102 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/791 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/791 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 16. Pittman, S.J., L. Bauer, S.D. Hile, C.F.G. Jeffrey, E. Davenport, and C. Caldow. 2014. Marine protected areas of the US Virgin Islands: Ecological Performance Report. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 187. Silver Spring, MD. 89 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/880 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/880 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 17. Pittman, S.J., C.F.G. Jeffrey, C. Menza, G. Kågesten, A. Orthmeyer, D.S. Dorfman, D. Mateos-Molina, A. Mabrouk, S.D. Hile, V. Ransibrahmanakul, and A. Ramos Álvarez. 2017. Mapping Ecological Priorities and Human Impacts to Support Land-Sea Management of Puerto Rico’s Northeast Marine Corridor. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 218. Silver Spring, MD. 71 pp. https://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-NOS-NCCOS-218 https://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-NOS-NCCOS-218 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information