gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:57167 eng UTF8 dataset National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science resourceProvider NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator NCCOS.data@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2026-03-04T19:17:20 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NCCOS Long-term Monitoring Project: Regional Ecological Assessments and National Benthic Inventory NCCOS Project: REA/NBI 1991 creation 2019 revision 2003 publication NOAA/NMFS/EDM 57167 PENDING https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/57167 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Full Metadata Record View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset. information Balthis, Len len.balthis@noaa.gov Principal Investigator: • Len Balthis, len.balthis@noaa.gov, US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), 2003 to present Additional Principal Investigators: • US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS): Mike Fulton, mike.fulton@noaa.gov, (retired); B. William Gottholm, b.william.gottholm@noaa.gov; Jawed Hameedi, jawed.hameedi@noaa.gov; Michelle Harmon, michelle.harmon@noaa.gov; Ian Hartwell, ian.hartwell@noaa.gov; Jeff Hyland, jeff.l.hyland@noaa.gov, (retired); W. Edward Johnson, ed.johnson@noaa.gov; Kimani Kimbrough, kimani.kimbrough@noaa.gov; Gunnar Lauenstein, gunnar.lauenstein@noaa.gov; Edward R. Long, ed.long@noaa.gov, (retired); Geoff Scott, geoff.scott@noaa.gov, (retired); Ed Wirth, ed.wirth@noaa.gov; Cindy Cooksey, cynthia.cooksey@noaa.gov • South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Marine Resources Research Institute: Fred Holland, hollandf@dnr.sc.gov, (retired); Denise Sanger, sangerd@dnr.sc.gov; Bob VanDolah, vandolahr@dnr.sc.gov, (retired) • University of North Carolina - Charlotte: Amy Ringwood, ahringwo@uncc.edu principalInvestigator https://naturalsciences.org/research-collections/nonmolluscan-invertebrates-collection WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCMNS) Non-Molluscan Invertebrate Collection For more information, or to schedule a visit to the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCMNS) Non-Molluscan Invertebrate Collection, please contact 919.707.9957. download https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/project/coastal-ecological-assessments-indicator-development/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NCCOS Research Project Webpage: Coastal Ecological Assessments and Indicator Development NCCOS Research Project Webpage: Coastal Ecological Assessments and Indicator Development download tableDigital NOAA's National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) works in partnership with other federal agencies and coastal states to conduct assessments of ecological condition and potential stressor impacts throughout our Nation’s estuaries, coastal-ocean waters, and NOAA protected areas; carry out studies to determine environmental impacts of specific pollution events or natural disasters; and perform additional related research to develop new ecological indicators and improved diagnostic tools to assess, predict, and manage future conditions. NCCOS has conducted a series of Regional Ecological Assessments (REA) aimed at evaluating condition of living resources and ecosystem stressors in estuarine and coastal areas including National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS), National Marine Sanctuaries (NMS), and continental shelf regions of the Mid-Atlantic Bight, South-Atlantic Bight, Florida Shelf, and Gulf of Mexico. Information from these studies provides a means to assess the current status of ecological condition and stressor impacts throughout these areas, and serves as a baseline for evaluating future changes due to natural or human-induced disturbances. The NOAA National Benthic Inventory (NBI) is a quantitative database on benthic species distributions obtained from studies conducted by NOAA and partnering institutions in estuarine and other coastal-ocean areas around the country. A corresponding taxonomic voucher collection of preserved benthic specimens collected in studies conducted between 1991 and 2007 was maintained at the NCCOS Charleston lab until April 2019. The voucher collection was transferred to the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences in May 2019 and will be incorporated into their Non-Molluscan Invertebrate research collections. More information can be found at the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences website. NOAA's National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) conduct a wide variety of coastal environmental monitoring and research studies that generate data sets on the biodiversity and abundances of marine benthic species. This work provides information to improve our understanding of the importance of coastal ecosystems and to help support effective management plans and actions for ensuring their wise use and protection. Results of this project are made available to increase public awareness about the extent and nature of pollution impacts and to support more informed management decisions and actions aimed at sustaining the health of these resources and the important services they provide. The goal of the Regional Ecological Assessment (REA) project is to produce baseline assessments of coastal ecosystem conditions for decision-makers to evaluate their coastal management efforts and policies. Key to accomplishing this objective is to obtain spatial and temporal data on ecologically important habitats, species, and processes in biologically important marine and coastal areas. The goal of the National Benthic Inventory (NBI) is to capture information on the occurrence of benthic species and to make the data available as a readily accessible resource to support the needs of other related programs dealing with important coastal management, research, and educational initiatives. The quantitative database provides information on benthic species abundances by species and location, thus providing a basis for addressing important coastal and marine spatial planning management and research questions, such as "what are the incidence and patterns of occurrence of a particular species of interest," or "what are the overall composition and diversity of species assemblages within any particular region of interest.” underDevelopment Balthis, Len len.balthis@noaa.gov Point of Contact: • Len Balthis, len.balthis@noaa.gov, US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), 2003 to present pointOfContact NCCOS Scientific Data Coordinator NCCOS.data@noaa.gov custodian https://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/NBI/_images/thumb_benthic_datasets2.gif Browse Graphic: REA/NBI EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/INVERTEBRATES EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > COMMUNITY DYNAMICS > COMMUNITY STRUCTURE EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > ECOTOXICOLOGY > TOXICITY LEVELS EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > BENTHIC EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > COASTAL EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > ESTUARY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > MARINE SEDIMENTS > SEDIMENT CHEMISTRY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > WATER QUALITY > OCEAN CONTAMINANTS theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 17.0 CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > ALABAMA CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > CALIFORNIA CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > DELAWARE CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > FLORIDA CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > GEORGIA CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > GREAT LAKES CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > HAWAII CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > LOUISIANA CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > MARYLAND CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > MASSACHUSETTS CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > MISSISSIPPI CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > NEW JERSEY CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > NEW YORK CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > NORTH CAROLINA CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > OHIO CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > RHODE ISLAND CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > SOUTH CAROLINA CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > TEXAS CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > VIRGINIA CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > WASHINGTON CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > WISCONSIN OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > GULF OF AMERICA OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > EASTERN PACIFIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 20.8 BOX CORE GRAB SAMPLERS NISKIN BOTTLES In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Corers > SEDIMENT CORERS In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Profilers/Sounders > CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 17.2 DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOC/NOAA/NOS/NCCOS > National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords NCCOS Research Data Type > Field Observation NCCOS Research Data Type > Long-term Monitoring NCCOS Research Priority > Coastal Change: Vulnerability, Mitigation, and Restoration NCCOS Research Priority > Marine Spatial Ecology NCCOS Research Priority > Stressor Impacts and Mitigation NCCOS Research Topic > Biological Effects of Contaminants and Nutrients NCCOS Research Topic > Climate Impacts on Ecosystems NCCOS Research Topic > Ecological and Biogeographic Assessments NCCOS Research Location > Region > Atlantic Ocean NCCOS Research Location > Region > Great Lakes NCCOS Research Location > Region > Gulf of Mexico theme NCCOS Keywords Ashtabula River; Biscayne Bay; Chesapeake Bay; Delaware Bay; Dry Tortugas; Florida Bay; Florida Keys; Galveston Bay; Great Lakes; Gulf of Mexico; Hudson River; Manatee Bay; Massachusetts Bay; Milwaukee Estuary; Neuse River; Northwest Hawaiian Islands Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary (GRNMS); Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS); Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (SBNMS) Gulf of Mexico Coastal Shelf Waters; Southeastern U.S. Estuaries; U.S. Atlantic Near-Coastal Shelf Waters North Carolina National Estuarine Research Reserve (NCNERR); Sapelo Island National Estuarine Research Reserve (SINERR); Guana-Tolomato-Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR) place NODC Sea Area Names Thesaurus In Situ Ocean-based Platforms > SHIPS platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords NOAA Ship Nancy Foster NOAA Ship Pisces R/V Joe Ferguson (GRNMS) platform NODC Platform Names Thesaurus Benthic Infauna Chemical Contaminants Nutrients Sediment Quality Toxicity Water Quality theme Gulf of Mexico place DOC/NOAA/NOS/NCCOS > National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2017-04-24 publication 8.5 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian NCCOS Regional Ecological Assessments and NOAA National Benthic Inventory (REA/NBI) project InPort otherRestrictions Cite As: National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, [Date of Access]: NCCOS Long-term Monitoring Project: Regional Ecological Assessments and National Benthic Inventory [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/57167. NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose. otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None otherRestrictions Use Constraints: None unclassified National Benthic Infaunal Database (NBID) NOAA/NMFS/EDM 38811 crossReference NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA/NMFS/EDM 57167 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nos/nccos/dmp/pdf/57167.pdf WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort. information crossReference eng; US oceans -178.4 -68.6 23.1 49 1991-03-18 Partners: • US DOC; NOAA; Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO) • US DOC; NOAA; NESDIS; National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) • US DOC; NOAA; NOS; ONMS; Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary (GRNMS); Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS); Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (SBNMS) • US DOC; NOAA; NOS; OCM; North Carolina National Estuarine Research Reserve (NCNERR); Sapelo Island National Estuarine Research Reserve (SINERR); Guana-Tolomato-Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve (GTMNERR) • US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) • South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Marine Resources Research Institute • University of North Carolina - Charlotte; University of Maryland, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory; Texas A&M University, Geochemical and Environmental Research Group • Barry A. Vittor and Associates, Inc., Mobile, AL; Alpha Scientific, Inc., Bedminster, NJ; Versar, Inc., Springfield, VA; Cove Corporation, Lusby, MD; Aquatic Research and Consulting, Duxbury, MA; Normandeau Associates, Inc., Bedford, NH; B&B Laboratories, College Station, TX; GPL Laboratories, Frederick, MD • North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Non-Molluscan Invertebrate Collection Funding: • US DOC; NOAA; NOS; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), NCCOS Project #139, “Coastal Ecological Assessments and Indicator Development” • US EPA; ORD; Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program NCCOS Web Application NCCOS Web Application NCEI Data Archive Accession NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science 1305 East West Highway, Rm 8110 Silver Spring MD 20910 https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science Website Website listed for National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science information nccos.data@noaa.gov distributor https://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/rea/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link REA Data NCCOS Regional Ecological Assessments download https://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/NBI/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NBI Data NOAA National Benthic Inventory download https://doi.org/10.25921/mx4t-r574 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link REA/NBI Data Balthis, L., J. Hyland, C. Cooksey, M. Fulton, E. Wirth, I. Hartwell, E. Johnson, K. Kimbrough, M. Harmon, J. Hameedi, B. Gottholm, G. Lauenstein, E. Long. 2019. NCCOS Long-term Monitoring: Regional Ecological Assessments and National Benthic Inventory (NCEI Accession 0202842). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/mx4t-r574 download dataset Completeness Report Project has created 72 observed datasets through 2015. Additional datasets from 2016-onwards are undergoing QA/QC. For details, see Distribution Information. We have conducted a series of offshore surveys and reports assessing ecological conditions and stressor impacts throughout coastal shelf waters of the lower continental US, as well as NMSs, NERRs, and the Great Lakes. • We have developed a dynamic quantitative database on benthic species distributions obtained from studies conducted by NOAA and partnering institutions in estuarine and other coastal-ocean areas around the country (http://nbi.noaa.gov/). • We helped to develop the 2006 Management Plan and 2008 Sanctuary Condition Report for Gray’s Reef NMS off the coast of Georgia. • We have worked in partnership with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop multi-agency National Coastal Condition Reports (NCCRs), which serve as environmental report cards of the health of our nation’s coastal resources. While previous NCCRs have focused primarily on estuaries, our scientists were given the lead to develop a new series of offshore sections assessing the health of our coastal-ocean waters. • We have participated in a Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) study of potential effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on soft-bottom, deepwater benthic communities. • We have assessed the environmental impacts of extreme natural events such as Hurricane Katrina (USEPA 2007, Engle et al. 2009) and other major hurricanes (Balthis et al. 2006). • We have developed new ecological indicators and other diagnostic tools that improve our methods and abilities to assess coastal ecosystems. We will: • conduct additional surveys of ecological condition and stressor impacts in offshore coastal-shelf waters, Great Lakes, NMSs, and NERRS; • continue to partner with the EPA to develop future National Coastal Condition Reports; and • continue to advance the development of new indicators and data-analysis tools. Balthis, Len len.balthis@noaa.gov processor 01. Balthis, W.L., C. Cooksey, M.H. Fulton, J.L. Hyland, L.A. May, E.F. Wirth, and C.M. Woodley. 2018. Assessment of Ecological Condition and Potential Stressor Impacts in Offshore Areas of Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 254. Charleston, SC. 80 pp. https://doi.org/10.25923/vtsz-v706 https://doi.org/10.25923/vtsz-v706 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 02. Balthis, W.L., C. Cooksey, J.L. Hyland, M.H. Fulton, and E. Wirth. 2017a. Integrated Assessment of Ecosystem Condition and Stressor Impacts in Submerged Habitats of the Guana Tolomato Matanzas (GTM) National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR). NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 231. Charleston, SC. 52 pp. http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-NOS-NCCOS-231 http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-NOS-NCCOS-231 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 03. Balthis, W.L., J.L. Hyland, C. Cooksey, P.A. Montagna, J.G. Baguley, R.W. Ricker, and C. Lewis. 2017b. Sediment quality benchmarks for assessing oil-related impacts to the deep-sea benthos. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 13(5):840-851. https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1898 https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1898 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 04. Balthis, W.L., C. Cooksey, M.H. Fulton, J.L. Hyland, G.H.M. Riekerk, R.F. Van Dolah, and E.F. Wirth. 2015a. An integrated assessment of habitat quality of national estuarine research reserves in the southeastern United States. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 11(2):266-275. https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1601 https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1601 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 05. Balthis, W.L., J.L. Hyland, C. Cooksey, M.H. Fulton, and E.F. Wirth. 2015b. Long-term monitoring of ecological conditions in Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary: soft-bottom benthic assemblages and contaminant levels in sediments and biota (2000, 2005, and 2012/13). NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 206. Charleston, SC. 35 pp. http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-NOS-NCCOS-206 http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-NOS-NCCOS-206 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 06. Balthis, W.L., J.L. Hyland, C. Cooksey, M.H. Fulton, and E.F. Wirth. 2013. Ecological condition of coastal ocean waters of the western Gulf of Mexico: 2011. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 171. Charleston, SC. 63 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2709 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2709 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 07. Balthis, L., J. Hyland, C. Cooksey, E. Wirth, M. Fulton, J. Moore, and D. Hurley. 2012. Support for Integrated Ecosystem Assessments of NOAA’s National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS): Assessment of Ecological Condition and Stressor Impacts in Subtidal Waters of the Sapelo Island National Estuarine Research Reserve. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 150. Charleston, SC. 79 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2614 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2614 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 08. Balthis, W.L., J.L. Hyland, C. Cooksey, M.H. Fulton, E.F. Wirth, D. Cobb, and D.N. Wiley. 2011. Ecological condition of coastal ocean waters within Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary: 2008. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 129. Charleston, SC. 59 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2563 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2563 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 09. Balthis, W.L., J.L. Hyland, M.H. Fulton, E.F. Wirth, J.A. Kiddon, and J. Macauley. 2009. Ecological condition of coastal ocean waters along the U.S. Mid-Atlantic Bight: 2006. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 109 and EPA 600/R-09/159. Charleston, SC. 63 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9296 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9296 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 10. Balthis, W.L., J.L. Hyland, C. Cooksey, M.H. Fulton, and G. McFall. 2007. Long-term monitoring of ecological conditions in Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary: Comparison of soft-bottom benthic assemblages and contaminant levels in sediments and biota in spring 2000 and 2005. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 68. Charleston, SC. 29 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9288 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9288 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 11. Balthis, W.L, J.L. Hyland, G.I. Scott, M.H. Fulton, D.W. Bearden, and M.D. Greene. 2002. Sediment quality of the Neuse River estuary, North Carolina: an integrated assessment of sediment contamination, toxicity, and condition of benthic fauna. J. of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery, 9:213-225. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021234816293 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021234816293 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 12. Cooksey, C.L. 2016. Assessment of ecological condition and stressor impacts within Great Lakes rivers and harbors: Milwaukee estuary, Wisconsin. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 222. Charleston, SC. 64 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/12903 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/12903 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 13. Cooksey, C., J. Hyland, M.H. Fulton., L. Balthis, E. Wirth, and T. Wade. 2014. Ecological condition of coastal ocean waters along the U.S. continental shelf of northeastern Gulf of Mexico: 2010. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 188. Charleston, SC. 68 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2723 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2723 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 14. Cooksey, C., J. Hyland, M.H. Fulton., E. Wirth, and L. Balthis. 2012. Ecological condition of coastal ocean waters of the U.S. continental shelf off south Florida: 2007. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 159. Charleston, SC. 68 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2715 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/2715 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 15. Cooksey, C., J. Harvey, L. Harwell, J. Hyland, and J.K. Summers. 2010. Ecological condition of coastal ocean and estuarine waters of the U.S. South Atlantic Bight: 2000-2004. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 114 and EPA 600/R-10/046. Charleston, SC. 88 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9295 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9295 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 16. Cooksey, C., J. Hyland, E. Wirth, W.L. Balthis, M. Fulton, D.Whitall, and S. White. 2008. Support for Integrated Ecosystem Assessments of NOAA’s National Estuarine Research Reserves System (NERRS), Volume II: Assessment of Ecological Condition and Stressor Impacts in Subtidal Waters of the North Carolina NERRS. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 83. Charleston, SC. 65 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/17787 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/17787 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 17. Cooksey, C., J. Hyland, W.L. Balthis, M. Fulton, G. Scott, and D. Bearden. 2004. Soft-Bottom Benthic Assemblages and Levels of Contaminants in Sediments and Biota at Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary and Nearby Shelf Waters off the Coast of Georgia (2000 and 2001). NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 6. Charleston, SC. 55 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/17764 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/17764 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 18. Fulton, M.H., J.L. Hyland, P.B. Key, E.F. Wirth, L. Balthis, C. Cooksey, K. Chung, and A.K. Leight. 2007. Characterization of Toxic Impacts on Living Marine Resources in Tidal Rivers of the Chesapeake Bay. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 64. Charleston, SC. 80 pp. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/17778 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/17778 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 19. Hyland, J., C. Cooksey, W.L. Balthis, M. Fulton, D. Bearden, G. McFall, M. Kendall. 2006. The soft-bottom macrobenthos of Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary and nearby shelf waters off the coast of Georgia, USA. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 330(1):307-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2005.12.036 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2005.12.036 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 20. Hyland, J.L., W.L. Balthis, M. Posey, C.T. Hackney, T. Alphin. 2004. The soft-bottom macrobenthos of North Carolina estuaries. Estuaries, 27(3):501-514. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02803541 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02803541 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 21. Hyland, J.L., W.L. Balthis, V.D. Engle, E.R. Long, J.F. Paul, J.K. Summers, R.F. Van Dolah. 2003. Incidence of stress in benthic communities along the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts within different ranges of sediment contamination from chemical mixtures. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 81(1-3):149-161. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021325007660 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021325007660 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 22. Hyland, J.L., W.L. Balthis, C.T. Hackney, and M. Posey. 2000. Sediment quality of North Carolina estuaries: An integrative assessment of sediment contamination, toxicity, and condition of benthic fauna. Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery, 8:107-124. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011464609142 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011464609142 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 23. Hyland, J.L., R.F. Van Dolah, and T.R. Snoots. 1999. Predicting stress in benthic communities of southeastern U.S. estuaries in relation to chemical contamination of sediments. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 18(11):2557-2564. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620181124 https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620181124 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information 24. Hyland, J.L., L. Balthis, C.T. Hackney, G. McRae, A.H. Ringwood, T.R. Snoots, R.F. Van Dolah, and T.L. Wade. 1998. Environmental quality of estuaries of the Carolinian Province: 1995. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS ORCA 123. Silver Spring, MD. 143 pp. 25. Ringwood, A.H., A.F. Holland, R. Kneib, and P. Ross. 1996. 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