gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:76360 eng UTF8 dataset CSV Files Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5300 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Website Website for this organization information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. resourceProvider Brighton, Hedger 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA brighton.hedger@noaa.gov pointOfContact Luers, Lori H 808-725-5593 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA lori.luers@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2026-10-13T23:41:40 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Partial mortality, size, presence, density, thermal tolerance, vital rates, and image classifiers of ESA-listed corals Acropora globiceps and Isopora crateriformis around Tutuila, American Samoa from 2025-2026 ESA corals survey data 2025 creation 2026 revision 2025 publication NOAA/NMFS/EDM 76360 NOAA 2026-02-19 inForce https://doi.org/10.25921/KDSH-8B04 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/76360 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Full Metadata Record View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset. information Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5360 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA pifsc.info@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Website Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. originator https://github.com/KiraTurnham/ICRA_partial_mortality_Tutuila WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link GitHub repository for the project GitHub repository for this project download https://console.cloud.google.com/storage/browser/nmfs_odp_pifsc/PIFSC/ESD/ARP/Photogrammetric%20Imagery/ESA_Sites WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Google Cloud Bucket containing ESA fixed site imagery PIFSC ESD ARP's Google Cloud bucket with a link to the raw imagery organized by site, then by year download https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/region/pacific-islands#science WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Region - Science Overview PIFSC Webpage download tableDigital Turnham K., Huntington B., Couch, C., Sena E., Tanaka K., Oliver T. From stability to decline: three-fold increase in partial mortality of threatened Isopora crateriformis in American Samoa following the 2024 Global Coral Bleaching Event. In review Tanaka K., Oliver T., Couch, C., Shantz A., Turnham K., Perelman J., Sena E., Huntington B. Species Distribution Models of ESA-Listed Corals Highlight Niche Differences Among Taxa That May Guide Recovery Planning. In review This metadata record describes Acropora globiceps and Isopora crateriformis natural history data collected from from surveys conducted by SCUBA divers and land-based experiments from February 4th-26th, 2025, March 10th-27th, 2025, and February 5th-26th, 2026 in Tutuila, American Samoa by scientists of the Ecosystem Sciences division at the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center. This project was funded by the Inflation Reduction Act (NA24NMFX405C0005-T1-01). As of July 2026, all field data for this project has been collected. Colony-level partial mortality and size data for Isopora crateriformis has gone into the publication of a paper in Coral Reefs (Turnham et al. 2026). High accuracy temperature loggers made by Sea-Bird Electronics and RBR Ltd. USA were weighted and strapped to solid substrate by SCUBA divers at 11 monitoring sites set up during the 2025 field surveys. STRs were recovered at 9 of the 11 sites during 202 surveys, with two absorbed into the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program fixed site monitoring in American Samoa. Structure from Motion imagery was taken at 11 new fixed sites set up during the project, with two of them being added to the site list for the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) as part of their field surveys in American Samoa. These SfM images are also used in conjunction with benthic photoquadrat imagery taken by the NCRMP was used in the development of two object detectors for the two target species of this project. The Isopora crateriformis classifier is publicly available for download (https://huggingface.co/NMFS-OSI/yolo11m-esa-coral-icra-detector), whereas the Acropora globiceps model is still in training and will uploaded to huggingface upon its completion. Coral thermotolerance data from acute thermal stress experiments using Coral Bleaching Automated Stress System (CBASS) include maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and color (measured as mean pixel intensity extracted from standardized images of coral fragments calibrated against a Coral Health Chart standard). Coral vital rates at fixed sites measured using the NCRMP vital rates methodology (Amir et al. 2023) are being analyzed. Phylogenomic data on Acropora globiceps and congeners is still being analyzed. This metadata record will be updated as these data continue to be developed in authored material. The purpose of these data is to provide information for recovery planning of ESA-listed corals. The Indo-Pacific Coral Recovery Plan (under development) outlines Recovery Criteria and Recovery Actions to guide the recovery and eventual de-listing of the listed corals, while also identifying several challenges to recovery, including: (1) limited data on current population distributions and their environmental drivers, (2) challenges in species identification, (3) gaps in knowledge of demographic rates, and (4) limited understanding of species-specific resilience to ocean warming. NOAA Fisheries, Ecosystem Sciences Division and funded by the Inflation Reduction Act onGoing Oliver, Thomas (808)725-5444 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA thomas.oliver@noaa.gov pointOfContact Turnham, Kira kira.turnham@noaa.gov custodian asNeeded Metadata record will be updated as new data is collected until 2027. DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC/ESD > Ecosystem Sciences Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 23.3 EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > BENTHIC EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > REEF > CORAL REEF EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > CORAL REEFS > CORAL BLEACHING theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 23.3 OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > AMERICAN SAMOA place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 23.3 Numeric Data Sets > Benthic theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Density, partial mortality theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS survey theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS CORAL REEF STUDIES N/A theme NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division theme NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS American Samoa Pacific Ocean place CoRIS Place Thesaurus SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS: CRED CREP Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Coral Reef Ecosystem Program ESD Ecosystem Sciences Division PIFSC Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center RAMP Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program theme Tutuila place DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC > Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2017-04-24 publication 8.5 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2026. GCMD Keywords, Version 24. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian PIFSC Publication project InPort otherRestrictions Cite As: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, [Date of Access]: Partial mortality, size, presence, density, thermal tolerance, vital rates, and image classifiers of ESA-listed corals Acropora globiceps and Isopora crateriformis around Tutuila, American Samoa from 2025-2026 [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/76360. NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose. otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None otherRestrictions Use Constraints: Please cite NOAA Fisheries, Ecosystem Science Division (ESD) when using the data. Example: Ecosystem Science Division; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2025: Partial mortality, size, presence, and density of Acropora globiceps and Isopora crateriformis in Tutuila, American Samoa in 2025, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/76360. otherRestrictions Distribution Liability: While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. unclassified Not applicable Not applicable eng; US biota biota ArcGIS Tutuila, American Samoa. 2025-2027. -170.842093 -170.560818 -14.365158 -14.237546 Timeframe of dataset for partial mortality, size, presence, and density of Acropora globiceps and Isopora crateriformis over two visits to Tutuila, American Samoa in 2025 from Feb 4-26 and March 10- 27, 2025 | Currentness: Ground Condition 2025-02-07 2025-03-22 Timeframe of dataset for SFM Imagery and STR retrieval | Currentness: Ground Condition 2026-02-05 2026-02-26 Fifteen Indo-Pacific reef coral species are listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) (79 FR 53851; NMFS 2014), occurring across more than 60 countries and territories, with five of these species present in U.S. waters. These corals face multiple threats, with climate change-driven ocean warming being the primary rationale for their ESA listing. The Indo-Pacific Coral Recovery Plan (currently under development) identifies Recovery Criteria and Recovery Actions for these species, while highlighting significant challenges to recovery. Key obstacles include limited data on extant populations and their environmental drivers, difficulties in species identification, lack of knowledge about demographic rates, and poor understanding of resilience to ocean warming and acidification. In U.S. Pacific waters, ESA-listed corals are patchily distributed and generally rare, complicating efforts to monitor and conserve them. To address these gaps, we focus on the two most common ESA-listed species I. crateriformis and A. globiceps. American Samoa was the study region, as it hosts the greatest number of listed species within U.S. waters (five of 15), contains the only known U.S. populations of I. crateriformis, and accounts for 35% of NOAA observations of A. globiceps (Brainard et al. 2019). Its coral reefs also exhibit high diversity and calcification rates (Barkley et al. 2022), and despite experiencing several mass bleaching events over the last three decades, the reefs have not undergone widespread bleaching-induced mortality (Craig et al. 2010; Coward et al. 2020; Smith et al. 2022). This combination of biodiversity, environmental stress exposure, and relative resilience makes American Samoa a natural laboratory to study factors that confer climate-change resilience to ESA-listed corals. We focus on I. crateriformis and A. globiceps because their populations are large enough to model species distributions, track demographic rates at fixed monitoring sites, and assess thermal tolerance. Existing monitoring programs, such as NOAA's National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP), used island-scale stratified random surveys that are not optimized for detecting rare species or capturing detailed vital rate information. Furthermore, there is no published data on the thermal tolerance or bleaching resilience of these two ESA-listed corals. Filling these gaps is essential for informing species recovery plans, developing effective management interventions, and reducing extinction risk. false eng false Spreadsheet Data Table ESA CORALS SITE LEVEL SURVEY DATA DICTIONARY 2026-09-29 publication ESA CORALS COLONY LEVEL SURVEY DATA DICTIONARY 2026-09-29 publication ESA FIXED SITE DATA DICTIONARY 2026-09-29 publication ESA_SFM_DERIVED_CORAL_ANNOTATIONS_Data_Dictionary 2026-09-29 publication ESA_WATER_TEMPERATURE_Data_Dictionary 2026-09-29 publication ESA_THERMAL_TOLERANCE_DataDictionary 2026-09-29 publication CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) Uncompressed CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) Uncompressed CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) Uncompressed CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0318878 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESA_Vital_Rates_Annotations This dataset contains the vital rates annotations of Acropora globiceps and Isopora crateriformis traced from 5 sites across Tutuila, American Samoa. Corals were traced following the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program methodology. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0318878 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESA Thermal Tolerance download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0318878 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESA_TEMPERATURE_SAMOA_2026 download https://storage.googleapis.com/nmfs_odp_pifsc/PIFSC/ESD/ARP/pifsc-ai-data-repository/models/yolo11-esa-icra-detector.pt WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESA ICRA Detector/Classifier This dataset contains an object detection model trained to identify and locate Isopora crateriformis (ICRA) using the ultralytics YOLO11 architecture in various underwater conditions. Model was trained using underwater imagery collected from Tutuila, American Samoa download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0312067 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESA_site_level_surveys_TUT_2025.csv This dataset contains coral survey observations from field transects in American Samoa, focusing on the presence and abundance of two ESA-listed coral species: Acropora globiceps (AGLO) and Isopora crateriformis (ICRA). Each row represents a transect or survey event, capturing environmental metadata, survey effort, and species counts. This dataset is intended to provide spatial and quantitative information on coral occurrence, abundance, and survey effort across different reef habitats. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0312067 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESA_colony_level_surveys_TUT_2025.csv This dataset contains coral demographic and health observations collected during field surveys in American Samoa in 2025. Each row represents an individual coral colony observation or a survey unit at a specific site. The dataset includes metadata describing survey location, depth, and effort, as well as measurements of coral size, partial mortality, and bleaching for two ESA-listed taxa: Acropora globiceps (AGLO) and Isopora crateriformis (ICRA). download dataset Accuracy Observations were made by experienced benthic survey personnel who have been trained, undergone a series of calibration surveys and coral taxon identification testing, and have met a set of minimum standards for colony assessment and taxon identification in this region. Handheld GPS units were used to locate random sites and mark site locations. Completeness Report Only shallow-mid water (0 to 30 meter depth range) hard-bottom habitats were surveyed. Conceptual Consistency The same methods of data collection are used during each dive. Periodic examination of the data is conducted throughout each mission to check for diver bias or other discrepancies. Field surveys were conducted to locate and document Acropora globiceps and Isopora crateriformis on the reefs of American Samoa. Surveys combined targeted benthic searches with standardized transect-based sampling to collect species presence, abundance, size, partial mortality, and bleaching data. Benthic Surveys to Locate Target Corals: Survey sites were selected randomly, and benthic surveys were conducted over 18 days between February 5 and March 25, 2025. All surveys were conducted via open-circuit SCUBA on air at depths ranging from 0-60 ft seawater (fsw). Dive operations occurred primarily on forereefs, with site selection influenced by sea conditions, proximity to shore, and safe water access. Parallel Transect Survey: At each site, 2-3 divers deployed 2-3 parallel 30-m transect tapes spaced 5 m apart along the depth gradient. A PAM surface marker buoy was placed near the start of the transects to aid dive tracking. Divers swam out and back along the transects simultaneously, maintaining approximately 5 m distance from each other. On the initial 30 m outbound swim, divers recorded the number, size, and bleaching extent of putative A. globiceps colonies on slates. On the return swim, divers measured size and bleaching extent for the first 30 I. crateriformis colonies, then counted all additional colonies. Maximum survey depth at each site was recorded. STRs are attached to a mounting bracket, weighted, and strapped to solid substrate (attached dead coral or rock) at the benthos by SCUBA divers using cable ties. A GPS point is taken by surface support personnel at the surface float that is positioned directly above the instrument during the dive. The depth of the instrument is taken by photographing a diver depth gauge next to the serial number of the instrument after installation. On recovery, a second waypoint and depth are taken in the same manner as the deployment before cutting the instrument free. When a STR is recovered, typically another STR is deployed in the same location and the same depth and is assigned the same site. Data are downloaded using the SeaBird SeaTerm V2 program, and then post-processed in Python. Data from when the instrument was turned on but not yet deployed are removed, and data from the period between removal and data download are also removed. Source Contribution: Outlines standard operating procedures and time-efficiency estimates for measuring coral vital rates via TagLab semi-automatic segmentation and temporal linking. Amir, C., Oliver, T., Lamirand, M., & Couch, C. (2023). Measuring coral vital rates using TagLab semi-automatic coral segmentation and temporal linking across fixed sites: standard operating procedures and time savings estimates. https://doi.org/10.25923/s2ym-tn10 2023-05-01 publication Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center https://doi.org/10.25923/s2ym-tn10 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Institutional Repository NOAA technical memorandum NMFS PIFSC information originator Source Contribution: Here, we outline a method of directly measuring coral vital rates via structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry an image processing technique capable of reconstructing accurate, orthorectified representations of the seafloor and the coral communities that inhabit them. By leveraging SfM technology, NOAA's U.S. National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) and partners are capable of generating accurate measures of coral vital rates from the scale of individual coral colonies with coverage of tens of sites and thousands of corals within a population. Rodriguez C, Amir C, Gray A, Asbury M, Suka R, Lamirand M, Couch CS, Oliver T. 2021. Measuring Coral Vital Rates Using Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry at Fixed Sites: Standard Operating Procedures and Error Estimates. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-120, https://doi.org/10.25923/a9se-k649 2021-10-01 publication Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center https://doi.org/10.25923/a9se-k649 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Institutional Repository NOAA technical memorandum NMFS PIFSC information originator Source Contribution: This document provides detailed procedures for collecting and processing imagery using Structure-from-Motion techniques developed by Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) in collaboration with Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the University of Hawaii at Hilo. Suka R, Asbury M, Couch C, Gray A, Winston M, Oliver T. 2019. Processing Photomosaic Imagery of Coral Reefs Using Structure-from-Motion Standard Operating Procedures. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-93, 54 p. doi:10.25923/h2q8-jv47 2019-12-03 publication Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center https://doi.org/10.25923/h2q8-jv47 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Institutional Repository NOAA technical memorandum NMFS PIFSC information originator Source Contribution: Counted and sized corals in the same fashion, as well as recorded bleaching and partial mortality in the same fashion -- the rest is novel Winston M, Couch C, Ferguson M, Huntington B, Swanson D, Vargas-Angel B. 2019. Ecosystem Sciences Division Standard Operating Procedures: Data Collection for Rapid Ecological Assessment Benthic Surveys, 2018 Update. NOAA Tech. Memo. NOAA-TM-NMFS-PIFSC-92, 66 p. doi:10.25923/w1k2-0y84 NOAA PIFSC https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/23951 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Institutional Repository NOAA technical memorandum NMFS PIFSC information originator otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: None