gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:73792 eng UTF8 dataset CSV Files Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5300 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Website Website for this organization information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. resourceProvider Luers, Lori H 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA lori.luers@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2026-06-17T17:19:40 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Benthic, urchin, and fish observation data collected for coral reef carbonate budget assessments in the Hawaiian Archipelago in 2024 NCRMP Carbonate Budgets 2023-09 creation 2026 publication NOAA/NMFS/EDM 73792 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/73792 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Full Metadata Record View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset. information Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5360 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA pifsc.info@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Website Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. originator https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR/blob/main/Calcification%20Rates%20Database/ESD_CarbBudget_CalcificationRates.csv WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Calcification Rates of the Pacific Referential Database Access the calcification rates database used to calculate carbonate budgets for Pacific species. See root folder for access to data dictionary, and .csv file of studies that went into calculating the means for the referential database: https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR/tree/main/Calcification%20Rates%20Database download https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/region/pacific-islands#science WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Region - Science Overview NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Region - Science Overview download https://noaa-pifsc.github.io/esd-arp-resources/surveys/carbonate_budgets WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Carbonate Budgets summary and data access PIFSC ESD Archipelagic Research Program's website with details on their carbonate budgets survey methods. download https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00338-025-02660-7 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Estimating coral reef carbonate budgets using Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry Publication on SfM-based carbonate budget methods download https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR/tree/main WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Carbonate Budgets GitHub repository Repository of principal investigator for the carbonate budgets project. Includes the folder for the referential database of calcification rates (.csv), R scripts, and other databases (grazing estimates, etc.) available in .rda format: https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR/tree/main/data download https://geography.exeter.ac.uk/reefbudget/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ReefBudget online resources Standard operating procedures, data collection protocols, data entry spreadsheets, and production and erosion rates databases used for ReefBudget methodology. download https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/56372 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Carbonate Budget Assessments in the U.S. Pacific Islands: Report of Methods Comparison Results and Summary of Standard Operating Procedures The carbonate budget assessments methodologies developed, tested, and considered for inclusion in NCRMP monitoring, initial results of the 2021 through 2022 pilot assessments, and Pacific NCRMP standard operating procedures for future carbonate budget assessments. download tableDigital Barkley HC, Weible RM, Halperin AA, Alagata CE, Kindinger TL, Torres-Pulliza D, Lamirand MS, Huntington BE, Couch CS, Amir CG, et al. 2023. Carbonate budget assessments in the U.S. Pacific Islands: report of methods comparison results and summary of standard operating procedures. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-PIFSC-154, 79 p. doi: 10.25923/g4hg-7686 Barkley, H.C., Halperin, A.A., Torres-Pulliza, D. et al. Estimating coral reef carbonate budgets using Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry. Coral Reefs 44, 937-951 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-025-02660-7 This data package includes the benthic, urchin, and fish observation data collected for coral reef carbonate budget assessments by the Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) of NOAA's Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) at fixed sites around the main and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands in 2024. Urchin survey data (genus/species, test size, and abundance) were collected from in-water belt transect surveys. Fish survey data (genus/species, count, and size) were collected using stationary point count surveys conducted at fixed sites. Benthic data (genus/species, morphology, and surface distance of corals, crustose coralline algae, macroalgae, and other benthic components) were extracted from fixed-site Structure-from-Motion imagery. The raw data in this data package can be integrated with referential databases to calculate site-level coral reef carbonate production and erosion rates. The referential database used for grazing metrics of herbivorous fishes of the Pacific is archived with NCEI with its metadata accessible under 'Related Items' of this InPort metadata record. The referential database for calcification rates developed for the Pacific is accessible along with scripts for this project at the github repository: https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR/tree/main Benthic, urchin, and fish observation data may be used to calculate site-level carbonate production and carbonate erosion rates. Coral reef framework is produced by the growth of corals, crustose coralline algae, and other benthic calcifiers, and persists when rates of carbonate production outpace rates of physical erosion from storms, chemical dissolution, and biological erosion from corallivorous fish, urchins, macrobioeroders, and microbioeroders. The relative rates of gross carbonate production and carbonate erosion and resulting net rate of carbonate production -- the reef's carbonate budget -- thus offer a quantitative metric for assessing coral reef functional status, growth potential, and capacity for maintaining complex habitat. Tracking these metrics becomes increasingly critical under a rapidly changing climate, as ocean warming, ocean acidification, and sea-level rise threaten to reduce rates of coral and crustose coralline algae calcification, accelerate rates of carbonate erosion, and thereby jeopardize the persistence of coral reef habitat. NOAA Fisheries, Ecosystem Sciences Division and funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program and NOAA Ocean Acidification Program onGoing Barkley, Hannah C 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA hannah.barkley@noaa.gov pointOfContact Barkley, Hannah C 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA hannah.barkley@noaa.gov custodian asNeeded Will be updated as new data is collected. DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC/ESD > Ecosystem Sciences Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 23.3 EARTH SCIENCE EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > BENTHIC EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > REEF > CORAL REEF EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > CORAL REEFS > CORAL REEF ASSESSMENT theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 23.3 OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS > HAWAII ISLAND OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS > KAHOOLAWE OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS > KAUAI OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS > LANAI OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS > MAUI OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS > MOLOKAI OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS > NIIHAU OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS > OAHU place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 23.3 Numeric Data Sets > Biology theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Algal Cover EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Calcareous Macroalgae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Crustose Coralline Algae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Encrusting Macroalgae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Fleshy Macroalgae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Reef Monitoring and Assessment EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Turf Algae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Growth EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Growth > Calcification Rate EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Growth > Linear Growth Rate EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral biodiversity EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral growth > Linear Extension Rate EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Net Ecosystem Calcification EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Benthos Analysis > Transect Monitoring > Linear Transect (line) EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Benthos Analysis > Transect monitoring EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > In Situ Biological EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Macroinvertebrate Census > Belt Transect EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Macroinvertebrate Density and Species Richness EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Reef Fish Census EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Reef Fish Census > Belt Transect EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Reef Fish Census > Stationary EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Benthic biology EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Hard Coral Cover EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Rugosity EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Erosion > Bioerosion EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral Communities EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Macroinvertebrate Communities EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Macroinvertebrates EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates > Biodiversity EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates > Census EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates > Census > Macroinvertebrates theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus BENTHIC COMMUNITIES HABITAT BENTHIC SPECIES BENTHIC SPECIES - TAXA IDENTITIES BIOEROSION BIOLOGICAL DATA BIOMASS CALCIFICATION CORAL CORAL - SPECIES IDENTIFICATION FISH - CORAL REEF FISH BIOMASS FISH EROSION FISH SPECIES HABITAT HABITAT - BENTHIC INVERTEBRATE SPECIES LATITUDE LONGITUDE MACROALGAE POSITION - GEOGRAPHIC REEF AND/OR BOTTOM REGIME - PERCENT COVER SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SPECIES IDENTIFICATION - ORGANISM LENGTH SPECIES IDENTITY SUBSTRATE DESCRIPTION theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS biological derived products in situ survey survey - biological survey - coral reef survey - swimmer/diver visual estimate visual observation theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS CORAL REEF STUDIES Coral Reef Conservation Program National Coral Reef Monitoring Program theme NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division theme NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Kauai Island (22N159W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Molokai Island (21N157W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Oahu (21N157W0003) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Kauai > Niihau Island (21N160W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Lanai Island (20N156W0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Maui Island (20N156W0004) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027 OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii Island > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Kauai Island > Kauai Island (22N159W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Lanai Island > Lanai Island (20N156W0002) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Maui Island > Maui Island (20N156W0004) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Molokai Island > Molokai Island (21N157W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Niihau Island > Niihau Island (21N160W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Oahu (21N157W0003) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus North Pacific Ocean Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Coastal Waters of Hawaii Northwest Pacific place NODC Sea Area Names Thesaurus OSCAR ELTON SETTE small boat platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS CRED CREP Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Coral Reef Ecosystem Program ESD Ecosystem Sciences Division Foraging Metrics NCRMP PIFSC Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Parrotfish Bioerosion Planar Bioerosion REA Rapid Ecological Assessment ReefBudget Rugosity SPC Stationary Point Count Taxon cover Transect Percent Cover Transect Survey belt transect carbonate budgets theme MHI Main Hawaiian Islands NWHI Northwestern Hawaiian Islands PMNM PNMS place DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC > Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2017-04-24 publication 8.5 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ocean and Climate Change project InPort otherRestrictions Cite As: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, [Date of Access]: National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Benthic, urchin, and fish observation data collected for coral reef carbonate budget assessments in the Hawaiian Archipelago in 2024 [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/73792. NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose. otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None otherRestrictions Use Constraints: Please cite NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center when using the data. Example: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2026: National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Benthic, urchin, and fish observation data collected for coral reef carbonate budget assessments in the Hawaiian Archipelago in 2024, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/73792. otherRestrictions Distribution Liability: While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. unclassified Not applicable Not applicable Benthic, urchin, and fish observation data collected utilizing multiple methodologies for coral reef carbonate budget assessments in 2021 in O'ahu, in the Mariana Archipelago in 2022, and in American Samoa in 2023 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 67804 crossReference Database of Grazing Metrics for Herbivorous Fishes of the Indo-Pacific NOAA/NMFS/EDM 65072 crossReference National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Calcification Rates of Crustose Coralline Algae Derived from Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) Deployed across the Hawaiian Archipelago from 2010 to 2019 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 36071 crossReference eng; US biota environment oceans biota environment oceans Urchin and fish field data are recorded nightly in PIFSC Oracle database. Benthic data derived from Structure-from-Motion imagery are generated at the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC). All data are exported and saved on PIFSC servers as CSV files. Gross carbonate production rates, carbonate erosion rates, and net carbonate production rates can be calculated from CSV data files using scripts contained within the customized R package reefbudgetR (https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR). Main and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands -178.3781 -155.05803 19.2443 28.45291 Extent of carbonate budget assessment survey sites conducted in the main and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands in 2024. Time frame for all benthic, urchin, and fish surveys collected for carbonate budget assessments in 2024. | Currentness: Ground Condition 2024-05-29 2024-08-25 The NOAA National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) details a long term approach to provide an ecosystem perspective via monitoring climate, fish, benthic, and socioeconomic variables in a consistent and integrated manner. The NCRMP coordinates various NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) biological, physical, and human dimensions activities into a cohesive NOAA-wide effort. Through the implementation of the NCRMP, NOAA is able to clearly and concisely communicate results of national-scale monitoring to national, state, and territorial policy makers, resource managers, and the public on a periodic basis. NCRMP is a framework for conducting sustained observations of biological, climate, and socioeconomic indicators at 10 priority coral reefs across the U.S. and its territories. This integrated approach consolidates monitoring of coral reefs under a uniform method in the Pacific, Atlantic, Caribbean, and the Gulf of Mexico for the first time. NCRMP is funded by the Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) and supported by NOAA Fisheries, NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), NOAA's Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory (AOML), NOAA Coral Reef Watch, and many other partners. The Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) at NOAA Fisheries is leading in-situ climate monitoring in the U.S. Pacific Islands Region. The climate component of NCRMP in the Pacific provides a comprehensive view of climate change impacts on coral reef ecosystems and helps identify areas of resilience and vulnerability. The key indicators used to identify and monitor climate-driven trends include 1) thermal stress caused by changes in sea temperature, 2) ocean acidification resulting from changes in carbonate chemistry, and 3) ecological impacts by collecting data on coral growth rates, erosion, and community structure to understand the impacts of thermal stress and ocean acidification on the ecosystem. Each year, ESD scientists work closely with CRCP and partners during Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) missions to collect data using moored oceanographic and ecological instruments stationed at fixed sites in the Pacific Ocean, and water samples collected by divers. The in-situ data and satellite-based observations are also used in modeling efforts. Innovative analysis techniques are used to develop products that give fellow scientists, managers, decision makers and the public a better understanding of a region's resources and how they are changing over time. false eng false Spreadsheet Data Table ESD_CarbBudget_Benthic_DataDictionary_2024 2026-06-17 publication ESD_CarbBudget_SPC_DataDictionary_2024 2026-06-17 publication ESD_CarbBudget_Urchin_DataDictionary_2024 2026-06-17 publication Calcification Rates Database Data Dictionary 2026-06-17 publication CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/X WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_Benthic_HA_2024.csv Observations from benthic surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around the main and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands in 2024. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/X WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_Fish_HA_2024.csv Observations from stationary point count fish surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around the main and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands in 2024. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/X WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_Urchins_HA_2024.csv Observations from urchin surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around the main and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands in 2024. download dataset Accuracy Data are collected by divers who have been trained in and have met minimum standards in identifying coral, urchin, and fish species present at survey locations and in estimating the size of individuals in survey counts. All species identifications are made visually. Whenever possible urchins or fish that could not be confidently identified in water were photographed for later consultation with experts; however, this is not possible in situations where a fish is only briefly seen. Completeness Report Only a subset of 15-m fixed sites were surveyed for carbonate budget assessments. These survey sites were selected to maximize latitudinal gradients, sampling both windward and leeward sides of islands, and variability in benthic and fish communities to the extent possible within operational and weather constraints. Carbonate budgets from these sites may or may not be more broadly representative of coral reef carbonate production states at areas beyond the specific reef footprint surveyed. Missing values in collocated benthic and fish data are due to limited diver training and time constraints. Conceptual Consistency The same methods of data collection are used at each surveyed site, and periodic examination of the data is conducted throughout each mission to check for diver bias or other discrepancies. Benthic, urchin, and fish survey methodology for carbonate budget pilot assessments and methods comparison. Benthic data is collected from fixed-site SfM imagery. Imagery was collected at each site following NCRMP standard operating procedures (Rodriguez et al. 2021). The images were processed with Agisoft Metashape photogrammetry software to produce a scaled digital elevation model (DEM) and corresponding orthomosaic for each site. Benthic data were extracted from these two high resolution reef models in ArcGIS Pro 3.0.3 using a customized tool that replicates in-water benthic data collection in the SfM environment (Barkley et al. 2025). Barkley, Hannah C hannah.barkley@noaa.gov processor Urchin surveys were conducted over 6 x 1 m-wide belt transects. Along each transect, divers recorded the number and test size (size of the urchin shell excluding spines) for the following genera/species: Echinostrephus spp., Echinothrix spp., Diadema spp., Echinometra spp. (including Echinometra mathaei), and Parasalenia spp.. Test sizes were measured with a scale bar on the side of the dive slates and binned into 20 mm size classes: 0-20 mm, 21-40 mm, 41-60 mm, 61-80 mm, 81-100 mm, 101-120 mm, 121-140 mm, 141-160 mm, 161-180 mm, and 181-200 mm. Barkley, Hannah C hannah.barkley@noaa.gov processor Fish data were collected using Stationary Point Count surveys at fixed sites. Pairs of divers record the number, size, and species of all fishes observed within visually estimated cylinders 15 meters (m) in diameter. At the start of a survey dive, a pair of divers first lay down a 30-m transect line along a predetermined depth contour, and then the two divers move to the 7.5- and 22.5-m marks on that line; these marks serve as the centers of two adjacent SPC cylinders. During the first 5 minutes of a survey, the divers create a list of the fish species observed in or passing through their cylinder. After the first 5 minutes, divers systematically proceed down their species lists, counting and estimating the size (total length, or TL) of each fish present to the nearest centimeter. Species seen after the 5 minutes or outside of the survey area are recorded as present. Barkley, Hannah C hannah.barkley@noaa.gov processor A customized calcification rates database was developed for the U.S. Pacific Islands based on the existing Indo-Pacific ReefBudget calcification database (v 1.3) . Where possible, the spatial extent of the database of published coral extension rates and densities was limited to studies from the western, central, or south Pacific Ocean. Genus and/or species average calcification rates and densities were then calculated at the taxonomic levels used by the NCRMP benthic team. This database improves regional estimates of coral calcification rates and increases integration with existing NCRMP benthic data collection. When Pacific growth rate data were not available for a particular genus/species, Indo-Pacific rates were substituted for the closest genus and morphology pair in the Indo-Pacific ReefBudget database. CCA growth rates were estimated using a Pacific-wide average of CAU accretion data. The calcification rates database, summary of supporting studies contributing to the database, and data dictionaries are publicly available at: https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR/tree/main/Calcification%20Rates%20Database Urchin erosion rates are calculated using Indo-Pacific ReefBudget methodology and equations (v 1.3). Parrotfish erosion rates can be calculated using Indo-Pacific ReefBudget methodology and equations (v 1.4) or using a new database consisting of allometric foraging equations for herbivorous fishes in the Pacific synthesized by Kindinger et al. (https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/65072). R package reefbudgetR (which includes processing scripts for benthic, urchin, and fish data and calcification and erosion databases) is available at: https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR Barkley, Hannah C hannah.barkley@noaa.gov processor Source Contribution: Survey protocol for stationary point count reef fish surveys. Ayotte, P., K. McCoy, A. Heenan, I. Williams, and J. Zamzow. 2015. Coral Reef Ecosystem Division standard operating procedures: data collection for Rapid Ecological Assessment fish surveys. Pacific Islands Fish. Sci. Cent., Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., NOAA, Honolulu, HI 96818-5007. Pacific Islands Fish. Sci. Cent. Admin. Rep. H-15-07, 33 p. doi: 10.7289/V5SN06ZT. 2015-12-21 publication Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC https://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V5SN06ZT WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Institutional Repository Survey protocol for stationary point count reef fish surveys. information originator Barkley HC, Weible RM, Halperin AA, Alagata CE, Kindinger TL, Torres-Pulliza D, Lamirand MS, Huntington BE, Couch CS, Amir CG, et al. 2023. Carbonate budget assessments in the U.S. Pacific Islands: report of methods comparison results and summary of standard operating procedures. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-PIFSC-154, 79 p. doi: 10.25923/g4hg-7686 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/56372 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Carbonate Budgets Tech Memo NOAA technical memorandum describing carbonate budgets methods development and testing information Barkley, H.C., Halperin, A.A., Torres-Pulliza, D. et al. Estimating coral reef carbonate budgets using Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry. Coral Reefs 44, 937-951 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-025-02660-7 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00338-025-02660-7#article-info WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Carbonate Budgets SfM methods Publication describing SfM methods for extracting benthic carbonate budgets data information Source Contribution: Indo-Pacific ReefBudget methodology for collecting carbonate budgets data at coral reef sites in the Pacific. Perry CT, Lange I, Januchowski-Hartley FA (2018) ReefBudget Indo Pacific: online resource and methodology. Retrieved from http://geography.exeter.ac.uk/reefbudget/ http://geography.exeter.ac.uk/reefbudget/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Indo-Pacific ReefBudget methodology Source Citation URL information Source Contribution: Data processing protocol for fixed-site Structure-from-Motion imagery. Rodriguez C., Amir C., Gray A., Asbury M., Suka R., Lamirand M., Couch C.S. & Oliver T. (2021). 2021. Extracting Coral Vital Rate Estimates at Fixed Sites Using Structure-from-Motion Standard Operating Procedures. doi:10.25923/A9SE-K649. 2021-09-01 publication Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC http://doi.org/10.25923/a9se-k649 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Institutional Repository Source Citation URL information originator otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: None