gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:67804 eng UTF8 dataset CSV Files Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5300 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Website Website for this organization information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. resourceProvider Luers, Lori H 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA lori.luers@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2026-03-04T19:17:22 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Benthic, urchin, and fish observation data collected utilizing multiple methodologies for coral reef carbonate budget assessments in 2021 in O'ahu, in the Mariana Archipelago in 2022, and in American Samoa in 2023 CRCP Carbonate Budgets 2023-09 creation 2025 revision 2023 publication NOAA/NMFS/EDM 67804 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/67804 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Full Metadata Record View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset. information Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5360 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA pifsc.info@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Website Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. originator https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR/blob/main/Calcification%20Rates%20Database/ESD_CarbBudget_CalcificationRates.csv WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Calcification Rates of the Pacific Referential Database Access the calcification rates database used to calculate carbonate budgets for Pacific species. See root folder for access to data dictionary, and .csv file of studies that went into calculating the means for the referential database: https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR/tree/main/Calcification%20Rates%20Database download https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR/tree/main WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Carbonate Budgets GitHub repository Repository of principal investigator for the carbonate budgets project. Includes the folder for the referential database of calcification rates (.csv), R scripts, and other databases (grazing estimates, etc.) available in .rda format: https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR/tree/main/data download https://geography.exeter.ac.uk/reefbudget/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ReefBudget online resources Standard operating procedures, data collection protocols, data entry spreadsheets, and production and erosion rates databases used for ReefBudget methodology. download https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/56372 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Carbonate Budget Assessments in the U.S. Pacific Islands: Report of Methods Comparison Results and Summary of Standard Operating Procedures The carbonate budget assessments methodologies developed, tested, and considered for inclusion in NCRMP monitoring, initial results of the 2021 through 2022 pilot assessments, and Pacific NCRMP standard operating procedures for future carbonate budget assessments. download https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/region/pacific-islands#science WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Region - Science Overview Online Resource download tableDigital Barkley HC, Weible RM, Halperin AA, Alagata CE, Kindinger TL, Torres-Pulliza D, Lamirand MS, Huntington BE, Couch CS, Amir CG, et al. 2023. Carbonate budget assessments in the U.S. Pacific Islands: report of methods comparison results and summary of standard operating procedures. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-PIFSC-154, 79 p. doi: 10.25923/g4hg-7686 This data package includes the benthic, urchin, and fish observation data collected for coral reef carbonate budget assessments by the Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) of NOAA's Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) at fixed sites around O'ahu in 2021, across the Marianas Archipelago in 2022, and at two fixed sites in American Samoa in 2023. These data were collected as part of a three-year methods development and pilot project funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) in order to establish a standardized carbonate budget methodology for the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) in the U.S. Pacific Islands. Observational data were collected at the same sites using established Indo-Pacific ReefBudget methodology (Perry et al. 2018), as well as experimental methodologies that leverage existing NCRMP data streams (see lineage section below for additional details on data collection methodologies). Benthic survey data (genus/species, morphology, and surface distance of corals, crustose coralline algae, macroalgae, and other benthic components) and urchin survey data (genus/species, test size, and abundance of bioeroding urchins) were collected using Indo-Pacific Reef Budget-style transects, "chords" transects located within the 12-m diameter circular footprint covered by NCRMP Structure-from-Motion imagery, and virtual transects in fixed site Structure-from-Motion models. Fish survey data (genus/species, count, and size) were collected using Indo-Pacific ReefBudget belt transects, stationary point count surveys conducted at fixed sites, and averaging stationary point count survey data using stratified random survey design around a set distance of the fixed sites. The raw data in this data package (urchin, benthic cover, parrotfish belt, fish SPC) was utilized with referential databases to calculate coral reef carbonate project estimates for Pacific regions as part to the CRCP Project #31334, titled 'Developing a carbonate budget assessment methodology for the U.S. Pacific Islands'. The referential database used for grazing metrics of herbivorous fishes of the Pacific is already archived with NCEI with its metadata accessible under 'Related Items' of this InPort metadata record. The referential database for calcification rates developed for the Pacific is accessible along with scripts for this project at the github repository: https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR/tree/main Benthic, urchin, and fish observation data may be used to calculate site-level carbonate production and carbonate erosion rates. Coral reef framework is produced by the growth of corals, crustose coralline algae, and other benthic calcifiers, and persists when rates of carbonate production outpace rates of physical erosion from storms, chemical dissolution, and biological erosion from corallivorous fish, urchins, macrobioeroders, and microbioeroders. The relative rates of gross carbonate production and carbonate erosion and resulting net rate of carbonate production -- the reef's carbonate budget -- thus offer a quantitative metric for assessing coral reef functional status, growth potential, and capacity for maintaining complex habitat. Tracking these metrics becomes increasingly critical under a rapidly changing climate, as ocean warming, ocean acidification, and sea-level rise threaten to reduce rates of coral and crustose coralline algae calcification, accelerate rates of carbonate erosion, and thereby jeopardize the persistence of coral reef habitat. Pilot data collected using various methodologies in 2021-2023 were used to establish standard operating procedures for National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) carbonate budget assessments in the U.S. Pacific Islands. NOAA Fisheries, Ecosystem Sciences Division and funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program completed Barkley, Hannah C 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA hannah.barkley@noaa.gov pointOfContact Barkley, Hannah C 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA hannah.barkley@noaa.gov custodian asNeeded DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC/ESD > Ecosystem Sciences Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 17.0 EARTH SCIENCE EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > BENTHIC EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > MARINE ECOSYSTEMS > REEF > CORAL REEF EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > CORAL REEFS > CORAL REEF ASSESSMENT theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 17.0 OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > AMERICAN SAMOA OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS > OAHU OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN > MICRONESIA > GUAM OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN > MICRONESIA > NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 20.8 31334 theme CRCP Project ID Developing a carbonate budget assessment methodology for the U.S. Pacific Islands theme CRCP Project Name Numeric Data Sets > Biology theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Algal Cover EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Calcareous Macroalgae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Crustose Coralline Algae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Encrusting Macroalgae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Fleshy Macroalgae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Reef Monitoring and Assessment EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Turf Algae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Growth EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Growth > Calcification Rate EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Growth > Linear Growth Rate EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral biodiversity EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral growth > Linear Extension Rate EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Net Ecosystem Calcification EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Benthos Analysis > Transect Monitoring > Linear Transect (line) EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Benthos Analysis > Transect monitoring EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > In Situ Biological EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Macroinvertebrate Census > Belt Transect EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Macroinvertebrate Density and Species Richness EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Reef Fish Census EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Reef Fish Census > Belt Transect EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Reef Fish Census > Stationary EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Benthic biology EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Hard Coral Cover EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Rugosity EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Erosion > Bioerosion EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral Communities EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Macroinvertebrate Communities EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Macroinvertebrates EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates > Biodiversity EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates > Census EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates > Census > Macroinvertebrates theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus BENTHIC COMMUNITIES HABITAT BENTHIC SPECIES BENTHIC SPECIES - TAXA IDENTITIES BIOEROSION BIOLOGICAL DATA BIOMASS CALCIFICATION CORAL CORAL - SPECIES IDENTIFICATION FISH - CORAL REEF FISH BIOMASS FISH EROSION FISH SPECIES HABITAT HABITAT - BENTHIC INVERTEBRATE SPECIES LATITUDE LONGITUDE MACROALGAE POSITION - GEOGRAPHIC REEF AND/OR BOTTOM REGIME - PERCENT COVER SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SPECIES IDENTIFICATION - ORGANISM LENGTH SPECIES IDENTITY SUBSTRATE DESCRIPTION theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS biological derived products in situ survey survey - biological survey - coral reef survey - swimmer/diver visual estimate visual observation theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS CORAL REEF STUDIES Coral Reef Conservation Program theme NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division theme NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Maug > Maug Island (20N145E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Pagan > Pagan Island (18N145E0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Saipan > Saipan Island (15N145E0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Rose Atoll (14S168W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > Tutuila Island (14S170W0016) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > Tutuila Island > Fagatele Bay (14S170W0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Oahu (21N157W0003) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Rose Atoll (14S168W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > Tutuila Island (14S170W0016) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Oahu (21N157W0003) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Maug Island > Maug Island (20N145E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Pagan Island > Pagan Island (18N145E0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Saipan Island > Saipan Island (15N145E0002) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus Coastal Waters of Hawaii Marianas Trench Marine National Monument Northwest Pacific Rose Atoll Marine National Monument South Pacific Ocean place NODC Sea Area Names Thesaurus RAINIER small boat platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS CRED CREP Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Coral Reef Ecosystem Program ESD Ecosystem Sciences Division Foraging Metrics PIFSC Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Parrotfish Bioerosion Planar Bioerosion REA RICHARD Rainier Integrates Charting, Hydrography, and Reef Demographics Rapid Ecological Assessment ReefBudget Rugosity SPC Stationary Point Count Taxon cover Transect Percent Cover Transect Survey belt transect carbonate budgets theme DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC > Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2017-04-24 publication 8.5 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ocean and Climate Change project InPort otherRestrictions Cite As: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, [Date of Access]: Benthic, urchin, and fish observation data collected utilizing multiple methodologies for coral reef carbonate budget assessments in 2021 in O'ahu, in the Mariana Archipelago in 2022, and in American Samoa in 2023 [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/67804. NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose. otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None otherRestrictions Use Constraints: Please cite NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center when using the data. Example: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2024: Benthic, urchin, and fish observation data collected utilizing multiple methodologies for coral reef carbonate budget assessments in 2021 in O'ahu, in the Mariana Archipelago in 2022, and in American Samoa in 2023, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/67804. otherRestrictions Distribution Liability: While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. unclassified Not applicable Not applicable Database of Grazing Metrics for Herbivorous Fishes of the Indo-Pacific NOAA/NMFS/EDM 65072 crossReference National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Calcification Rates of Crustose Coralline Algae Derived from Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) Deployed across the Hawaiian Archipelago from 2010 to 2019 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 36071 crossReference National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Calcification Rates of Crustose Coralline Algae Derived from Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) Deployed across the Marianas Archipelago from 2011 to 2022 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 36072 crossReference National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Stratified Random Surveys (StRS) of Reef Fish, including Benthic Estimate Data of American Samoa since 2015 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 34520 largerWorkCitation National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Stratified Random Surveys (StRS) of Reef Fish, including Benthic Estimate Data of the Mariana Archipelago since 2014 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 34518 largerWorkCitation Structure from Motion (SfM) benthic images collected from Fixed Sites across the U.S. Pacific since 2019 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 63091 crossReference NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA/NMFS/EDM 67804 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nmfs/pifsc/dmp/pdf/67804.pdf WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort. information crossReference eng; US biota environment oceans biota environment oceans Benthic, urchin, and fish field data are recorded nightly in Google sheets at the laboratory or aboard the research vessel. Benthic and urchin data derived from Structure-from-Motion imagery are generated at the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC). All data are exported and saved on PIFSC servers as CSV files. Gross carbonate production rates, carbonate erosion rates, and net carbonate production rates can be calculated from CSV data files using scripts contained within the customized R package reefbudgetR (https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR). Oahu, Main Hawaiian Islands -158.271 -157.718 21.242 21.591 Extent of carbonate budget assessment survey sites conducted around Oahu, Main Hawaiian Islands in 2021. Time frame for all benthic, urchin, and fish surveys collected for carbonate budget assessments in 2021. | Currentness: Ground Condition 2021-06-07 2021-07-20 American Samoa (Tutuila and Rose Atoll) -170.763174 -168.14581 -14.53875 -14.363677 Extent of carbonate budget assessment survey sites conducted in American Samoa (Tutuila and Rose Atoll) in 2023. Time frame for all benthic, urchin, and fish surveys collected for carbonate budget assessments in 2023. | Currentness: Ground Condition 2023-07-25 2023-08-03 Marianas archipelago (Guam, Saipan, Pagan, and Maug) 144.637741 145.812292 13.232681 20.036568 Extent of carbonate budget assessment survey sites conducted in the Marianas archipelago (Guam, Saipan, Pagan, and Maug) in 2022. Time frame for all benthic, urchin, and fish surveys collected for carbonate budget assessments in 2022. | Currentness: Ground Condition 2022-04-12 2022-08-10 The NOAA National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) details a long term approach to provide an ecosystem perspective via monitoring climate, fish, benthic, and socioeconomic variables in a consistent and integrated manner. The NCRMP coordinates various NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) biological, physical, and human dimensions activities into a cohesive NOAA-wide effort. Through the implementation of the NCRMP, NOAA is able to clearly and concisely communicate results of national-scale monitoring to national, state, and territorial policy makers, resource managers, and the public on a periodic basis. NCRMP is a framework for conducting sustained observations of biological, climate, and socioeconomic indicators at 10 priority coral reefs across the U.S. and its territories. This integrated approach consolidates monitoring of coral reefs under a uniform method in the Pacific, Atlantic, Caribbean, and the Gulf of Mexico for the first time. NCRMP is funded by the Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) and supported by NOAA Fisheries, NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), NOAA's Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory (AOML), NOAA Coral Reef Watch, and many other partners. The Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) at NOAA Fisheries is leading in-situ climate monitoring in the U.S. Pacific Islands Region. The climate component of NCRMP in the Pacific provides a comprehensive view of climate change impacts on coral reef ecosystems and helps identify areas of resilience and vulnerability. The key indicators used to identify and monitor climate-driven trends include 1) thermal stress caused by changes in sea temperature, 2) ocean acidification resulting from changes in carbonate chemistry, and 3) ecological impacts by collecting data on coral growth rates, erosion, and community structure to understand the impacts of thermal stress and ocean acidification on the ecosystem. Each year, ESD scientists work closely with CRCP and partners during Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) missions to collect data using moored oceanographic and ecological instruments stationed at fixed sites in the Pacific Ocean, and water samples collected by divers. The in-situ data and satellite-based observations are also used in modeling efforts. Innovative analysis techniques are used to develop products that give fellow scientists, managers, decision makers and the public a better understanding of a region's resources and how they are changing over time. false eng false Data Table Spreadsheet ESD_CarbBudget_Fixed_Belt_DataDictionary_2023 2025-03-24 publication ESD_CarbBudget_Urchin_DataDictionary_2023 2025-03-24 publication ESD_CarbBudget_SPC_DataDictionary_2023 2025-03-24 publication ESD_CarbBudget_Benthic_DataDictionary_2023 2025-03-24 publication Calcification Rates Database Data Dictionary 2025-03-24 publication CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0283630 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_Benthic_OAHU_2021.csv Observations from benthic surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around Oahu, Hawaii in 2021. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0302849 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_Fixed_Belt_SAMOA_2023 Observations from parrotfish belt surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around American Samoa in 2021. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0283630 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_Fixed_Belt_OAHU_2021.csv Observations from parrotfish belt surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around Oahu, Hawaii in 2021. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0283630 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_SPC_OAHU_2021.csv Observations from stationary point count fish surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around Oahu, Hawaii in 2021. Missing values in benthic data are due to limited diver training and time constraints. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0283630 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_Urchins_OAHU_2021.csv Observations from urchin surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around Oahu, Hawaii in 2021. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0283896 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_Benthic_MARIAN_2022.csv Observations from benthic surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around the Marianas Archipelago in 2022. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0283896 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_Fixed_Belt_MARIAN_2022.csv Observations from parrotfish belt surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around the Mariana Archipelago in 2022. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0283896 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_SPC_MARIAN_2022.csv Observations from stationary point count fish surveys for carbonate budget assessments at both fixed and stratified random sites conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around the Marianas Archipelago in 2022. A subset of this data have already been archived (stratified random sites), see Related Items. Due to limited training, benthic data may or may not be available for this SPC dataset (substrate cover, substrate height, urchin etc.). download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0302849 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_Benthic_SAMOA_2023 Observations from benthic surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around American Samoa in 2023. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0302849 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_Urchins_SAMOA_2023 Observations from urchin surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around American Samoa in 2023. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0302849 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_SPC_SAMOA_2023 Observations from stationary point count fish surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around American Samoa in 2023. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0283896 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_CarbBudget_Urchins_MARIAN_2022.csv Observations from urchin surveys for carbonate budget assessments conducted by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division at sites around the Marianas Archipelago in 2022. download dataset Accuracy Field data are collected by divers who have been trained in and have met minimum standards in identifying coral, urchin, and fish species present at survey locations and in estimating the size of individuals in survey counts. All species identifications are made visually. Whenever possible, corals, urchins, or fish that could not be confidently identified in water were photographed for later consultation with experts; however, this is not possible in situations where a fish is only briefly seen. Completeness Report Only a subset of 15-m fixed sites around O'ahu, Guam, Saipan, Pagan, Maug, Tutuila, and Rose Atoll were surveyed as part of the 2021-2023 pilot project. These survey sites were selected to maximize latitudinal gradients, sampling both windward and leeward sides of islands, and variability in benthic and fish communities to the extent possible within operational and weather constraints. Carbonate budgets from these sites may or may not be more broadly representative of coral reef carbonate production states at areas beyond the specific reef footprint surveyed. Missing values in collocated benthic and fish data are due to limited diver training and time constraints. Conceptual Consistency The same methods of data collection are used at each surveyed site, and periodic examination of the data is conducted throughout each mission to check for diver bias or other discrepancies. Benthic, urchin, and fish survey methodology for carbonate budget pilot assessments and methods comparison. Benthic data were collected using three methods: Indo-Pacific ReefBudget (IPRB), chords, and Structure-from-Motion (SfM). Indo-Pacific ReefBudget: Following Indo-Pacific ReefBudget methodology, benthic survey data were collected by divers along six 10-m transects per site. Transects were laid out in two parallel rows of three -- where the middle transects in each row were overlaid on the inshore and offshore 10-m edges of the fixed site box -- with 5-m spacing between adjacent transects. Along each transect, the surface cover (cm) of every benthic component located directly beneath the transect tape was measured with a flexible measuring tape. Data were collected on the following benthic components: hard coral (identified to genus/species and morphology), crustose coralline algae (CCA), macroalgae, turf, sand, carbonate hard substrate, non-carbonate hard substrate, or other (including cyanobacteria, soft coral, seagrass, sponges, zoanthids, corallimorphs, or other invertebrates). The surface cover of coral colonies with open branching morphologies (e.g. Acropora intermedia, Pocillopora grandis) was estimated by multiplying the total number of branches directly beneath the transect tape by the average branch diameter, and empty space between and beneath the live branches was considered to be turf. This approach minimizes potential over-estimation of live coral cover that can occur when draping the tape over an entire branching colony (where void space is included in the surface cover measurement). Surface cover of colonies with closed branching morphologies (e.g. Acropora humilis, Pocillopora damicornis; where void space between branches is minimal and all substrate beneath the transect tape is coral skeleton) was measured by draping the tape over the entire colony. Chords: Divers collected in-water benthic data along the same set of transects that were later surveyed virtually using SfM. To ensure that transects fell within the 12-m SfM circular footprint, a master transect tape was first established along the inshore, 10-m edge of the fixed site box. Six 8-m to 10-m perpendicular transects (2 x 8 m, 2 x 9 m, and 2 x 10 m) were then laid out at predetermined distances along the master transect tape with 1.5-m spacing between transects (shorter transects closer to the edges, longer transects towards the center of the circle). Benthic data were collected along the six perpendicular transects according to the Indo-Pacific ReefBudget methodology outlined above. Yellow dive weights were placed on the benthos at the beginning and end of each diver-completed transect; these weights were included in subsequent SfM imagery collection to mark the locations of diver-collected transects. Structure-from-Motion: Benthic data collection makes use of fixed-site SfM imagery already collected as part of NCRMP monitoring efforts. Imagery was collected at each site following NCRMP standard operating procedures (Rodriguez et al. 2021). The images were processed with Agisoft Metashape photogrammetry software to produce a scaled digital elevation model (DEM) and corresponding orthomosaic for each site. Benthic data were extracted from these two high resolution reef models in ArcGIS Pro 3.0.3 using a customized tool that replicates in-water benthic data collection in the SfM environment. Halperin, Ariel ariel.halperin@noaa.gov processor Urchin data were collected using three methods: Indo-Pacific ReefBudget (IPRB), chords, and Structure-from-Motion (SfM). Indo-Pacific ReefBudget: Urchin surveys were conducted over a 1 m-wide belt along the same transects used for Indo-Pacific ReefBudget benthic surveys. Along each transect, divers recorded the number and test size (size of the urchin shell excluding spines) for the following genera/species: Echinostrephus spp., Echinothrix spp., Diadema spp., Echinometra spp. (including Echinometra mathaei), and Parasalenia spp.. Test sizes were measured with a scale bar on the side of the dive slates and binned into 20 mm size classes: 0-20 mm, 21-40 mm, 41-60 mm, 61-80 mm, 81-100 mm, 101-120 mm, 121-140 mm, and 141-160 mm. Chords: urchin surveys (1 m x 8-10 m belt transects) were conducted along the same chords transects surveyed for the benthic methodology following the Indo-Pacific ReefBudget procedure. Structure-from-Motion: Extraction of urchin data from SfM imagery was conducted for Oahu sites using ArcGIS Pro and NOAA Video and Image Analytics for Marine Environments (VIAME) software. In ArcGIS Pro, virtual benthic transects laid in each fixed-site orthomosaic were cropped to the extent of the belt transect survey area (1 m x 8-10 m) and exported as individual jpeg images for each transect. Belt transect images were then uploaded to VIAME, and all visible urchins in were identified to genus/species and sized with a bounding box. The total length of each urchin (length of the test plus spines) was estimated to be the largest dimension of the bounding box. SfM urchin data were not extracted for 2022 Mariana Archipelago or 2023 American Samoa data. Barkley, Hannah C hannah.barkley@noaa.gov processor Fish data were collected using belt and stationary point count methods. Belt surveys: The belt method is used to conduct reef fish surveys around the Hawaiian Archipelago and the Marianas Archipelago as part of the carbonate budget pilot study. Fish are counted and sized (total length in centimeters, binned into 10cm size classes) along a 5 x 30 m transect area at ten different locations within 30m of a fixed site previously established by ESD's Ocean and Climate Change team. The belt method catalogs the density (abundance per hectare), biomass (kg per hectare), and bioerosion (kilograms per meters squared per year) of diurnally active reef fish assemblages in shallow-water (average 15m) hard-bottom habitats. Bioerosion metrics are calculated using foraging metrics that have been derived from literature where Pacific fish species were prioritized. These three values include: 1) proportion of bites leaving scars, 2) bite rates (bites per minute), and 3) volume removed per bite (centimeters cubed). Stationary Point Count surveys: The stationary point count (SPC) method is used to conduct reef fish surveys as part of the NOAA National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP). The SPC method catalogs the diversity (species richness), abundance (numeric density) and biomass (fish mass per unit area) of diurnally active reef fish assemblages in shallow-water (less than 30 m) hard-bottom habitats. This study uses two complimentary sampling designs to survey the coral reef ecosystems at and around selected fixed-sites: 1) A stratified random sampling (StRS) design and 2) a fixed-site (fixed SPC) sampling design. The StRS survey domain encompasses the majority of the mapped area of reef and hard bottom habitats within 12.5 km of permanent fixed-sites previously established by ESD's Ocean and Climate Change team. The stratification includes island, reef zone, depth, and habitat structure type. Sampling effort is anywhere between 16 to 55 StRS SPC sites within 12.5 kilometers of each fixed-site, excluding the fixed SPC data. These data implement a different site selection method from all previous NCRMP missions around the Hawaiian Archipelago including the Main Hawaiian Islands in 2013, 2016, and 2019, and the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands in 2016 as well as data collected as part of Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument funded research cruises in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands in 2014, 2015, and 2017 and a PIFSC-funded Reef Fish Survey cruise in the Main Hawaiian Islands in 2015. These data also implement a different site selection method from all previous NCRMP missions around the Marianas Archipelago as well as a concurrent 2022 nSPC dataset (National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Stratified Random Surveys (StRS) of Reef Fish, including Benthic Estimate Data of the Mariana Archipelago since 2014). Weible, Rebecca M rebecca.weible@noaa.gov processor A customized calcification rates database was developed for the U.S. Pacific Islands based on the existing Indo-Pacific ReefBudget calcification database (v 1.3) . Where possible, the spatial extent of the database of published coral extension rates and densities was limited to studies from the western, central, or south Pacific Ocean. Genus and/or species average calcification rates and densities were then calculated at the taxonomic levels used by the NCRMP benthic team. This database improves regional estimates of coral calcification rates and increases integration with existing NCRMP benthic data collection. When Pacific growth rate data were not available for a particular genus/species, Indo-Pacific rates were substituted for the closest genus and morphology pair in the Indo-Pacific ReefBudget database. CCA growth rates were estimated using a Pacific-wide average of CAU accretion data. The calcification rates database, summary of supporting studies contributing to the database, and data dictionaries are publicly available at: https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR/tree/main/Calcification%20Rates%20Database Urchin erosion rates are calculated using Indo-Pacific ReefBudget methodology and equations (v 1.3). Parrotfish erosion rates can be calculated using Indo-Pacific ReefBudget methodology and equations (v 1.4) or using a new database consisting of allometric foraging equations for herbivorous fishes in the Pacific synthesized by Kindinger et al. (https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/65072). R package reefbudgetR (which includes processing scripts for benthic, urchin, and fish data and calcification and erosion databases) is available at: https://github.com/hannahbarkley/reefbudgetR Barkley, Hannah C hannah.barkley@noaa.gov processor Source Contribution: Survey protocol for stationary point count reef fish surveys. Ayotte, P., K. McCoy, A. Heenan, I. Williams, and J. Zamzow. 2015. Coral Reef Ecosystem Division standard operating procedures: data collection for Rapid Ecological Assessment fish surveys. Pacific Islands Fish. Sci. Cent., Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., NOAA, Honolulu, HI 96818-5007. Pacific Islands Fish. Sci. Cent. Admin. Rep. H-15-07, 33 p. doi: 10.7289/V5SN06ZT. 2015-12-21 publication Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC https://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V5SN06ZT WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Institutional Repository Source Citation URL information originator Source Contribution: Indo-Pacific ReefBudget methodology for collecting carbonate budgets data at coral reef sites in the Pacific. Perry CT, Lange I, Januchowski-Hartley FA (2018) ReefBudget Indo Pacific: online resource and methodology. Retrieved from http://geography.exeter.ac.uk/reefbudget/ http://geography.exeter.ac.uk/reefbudget/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Indo-Pacific ReefBudget methodology Source Citation URL information Source Contribution: Data processing protocol for fixed-site Structure-from-Motion imagery. Rodriguez C., Amir C., Gray A., Asbury M., Suka R., Lamirand M., Couch C.S. & Oliver T. (2021). 2021. Extracting Coral Vital Rate Estimates at Fixed Sites Using Structure-from-Motion Standard Operating Procedures. doi:10.25923/A9SE-K649. 2021-09-01 publication Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC http://doi.org/10.25923/a9se-k649 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Institutional Repository Source Citation URL information originator otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: None