gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:64552 eng UTF8 dataset JPG Files Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5300 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Website Website for this organization information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. resourceProvider Luers, Lori H 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA lori.luers@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2026-05-27T21:45:03 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Benthic Imagery from the Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area (HFMA) since 2021 2021-03 creation 2026-01 revision 2026 publication NOAA/NMFS/EDM 64552 NOAA https://doi.org/10.7289/v5js9nr4 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/64552 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Full Metadata Record View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset. information Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5360 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA pifsc.info@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Website Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. originator https://www.facebook.com/KHFMA WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area Facebook Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area Facebook page download imageDigital Photoquadrat benthic images were collected within the Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area (HFMA) in West Maui by the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD; formerly the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division) for quantifying benthic composition. This metadata record is for the source imagery of the benthic cover data produced using CoralNet which is part of a separate accession and metadata record (see 'Related Items' is below, link: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/30951). The images can be linked to the benthic cover by site number in each image filename (file naming convention for each photo/image is KA[YEAR][MONTH]_[SURVEY#]_[GenericImageName]);the sites are described in the site metadata file provided. All data are accessible via the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Ocean Archive. Benthic cover (%) was extracted from photoquadrats where 25 photographs were taken at 1m intervals along a 25-m long transect. The resulting imagery at each site was analyzed using a web-based annotation tool called CoralNet where the benthic composition was defined for 15 points per photoquadrat. In 2009, the state of Hawaii established the Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area (HFMA) in West Maui. Fishing for herbivores (parrotfishes, surgeonfishes, chubs, sea urchins) is prohibited, as the goal is to use this form of marine management to promote ecosystem resilience of coral reefs by naturally maintaining macroalgae at low levels to prevent it from dominating over corals. The data described herein are part of an ongoing monitoring program used to assess changes in fish and benthic assemblages since the HFMA was implemented. The NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) has provided support for ESD staff to assist the Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) Division of Aquatic Resources (DAR) staff with maintaining long-term biological monitoring of the HFMA. NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division and funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program onGoing McCoy, Kaylyn S (808)725-5471 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA kaylyn.mccoy@noaa.gov pointOfContact Shantz, Andrew andrew.shantz@noaa.gov custodian annually Imagery / data is added as it is collected - annually, after Spring & Fall research missions. https://dlnr.hawaii.gov/dar/files/2014/05/kahekili.jpg Map of Kahekili Herbivore Fishery Management Area JPG 31430 Maximizing information about reef resilience inferred from monitoring efforts to inform management and restoration actions theme CRCP Project Visual Images > Habitats theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Benthos Analysis > Transect Monitoring EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > In Situ Biological EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment > Rapid assessment studies EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Benthic biology EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral Communities theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus PHOTOQUADRAT IMAGES theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS imagery theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS CORAL REEF STUDIES Coral Reef Conservation Program theme NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division theme NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Maui Island (20N156W0004) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Maui Island > Maui Island (20N156W0004) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus Coastal Waters of Hawaii North Pacific Ocean place NODC Sea Area Names Thesaurus camera instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS CREP Coral Reef Ecosystem Program ESD Ecosystem Sciences Division KHFMA Kahekili Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area PIFSC Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center theme Biannual temporal MHI Main Hawaiian Islands place DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC > Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2017-04-24 publication 8.5 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ecosystem Monitoring and Assessment project InPort otherRestrictions Cite As: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, [Date of Access]: Benthic Imagery from the Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area (HFMA) since 2021 [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/64552. NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose. otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None otherRestrictions Use Constraints: Please cite NOAA Fisheries, Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) when using the data. Example: Ecosystem Sciences Division; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (2021). Benthic Imagery from the Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area (HFMA), https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/36152. otherRestrictions Distribution Liability: While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. unclassified Not applicable Not applicable Fish, Benthic and Urchin Survey Data from Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area (HFMA), Maui since 2008 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 30951 crossReference eng; US biota Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area, Maui -156.6983 -156.6867 20.9263 20.9542 Extent of Kahekili Marine Reserve Start date of imagery available on this metadata record for underwater surveys conducted in the Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area. Imagery is added as data is collected. | Currentness: Ground Condition 2021-03-01 2025 false eng false Data Table KahekiliSiteMetadata_DataDictionary 2026-05-27 publication JPEG CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) JPEG JPEG CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0255324 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link KHFMA_IMAGES_2021 Photoquadrat benthic images collected at Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area (KHFMA), Maui by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD). Images are all in a single folder and organized by name only KA-[ROUND]-[ARBITRARY_SITE_NAME]_[GENERIC_IMAGE_NAME], e.g. KA2111_084_IMG_01.JPG. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0255324 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link KHFMA_site_metadata_2021.csv This metadata file is a list of the sites analyzed, by which the images are named (the imagery naming convention: KA-[ROUND]-[ARBITRARY_SITE_NAME]_[GENERIC_IMAGE_NAME]). This links the source imagery to the benthic cover dataset. For example: Image name: KA2111_A01_IMG_01 has site name is 'A01'; one can find this site information in the site metadata file as well as with site name in benthic cover data produced with CoralNet, whose metadata record and accession are available under 'Related Items'. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0307662 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link KHFMA_site_metadata_2024.csv Site metadata for benthic imagery. Latitude & longitude are excluded due to being a management area. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0315338 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link KHFMA_IMAGES_2025 Imagery collected during March and October 2025 during Kahekili surveys. Data extracted is described and archived separately - see 'Related Items'. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0307662 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link KHFMA_IMAGES_2024 Imagery collected during March and October 2024 during Kahekili surveys. Data extracted is described and archived separately - see 'Related Items'. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0315338 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link KHFMA_site_metadata_2025.csv Site metadata for benthic imagery. Latitude & longitude are excluded due to being a management area. download dataset Representativeness Data are from haphazardly located surveys and are believed to be highly representative. Accuracy Benthic cover estimates derived from analysis of photographs are dependent on image quality, which was generally good as photographs were taken with a high resolution (8-20.2 MP) digital camera from 1 m above the reef substrate in generally clear water. Image quality is almost always more than sufficient for there to be high confidence in the accuracy of identification of benthic genera and functional groups by trained analysts. Completeness Report The survey sites were selected using a haphazard process based on available habitat and bathymetric habitats. Conceptual Consistency Survey methods were consistent across all sites. The haphazard sampling design and benthic photoquadrat survey methodology has been employed by the NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) from 2008 to 2021. Benthic imagery is collected at haphazardly selected sites. These photos are color-corrected (if necessary) prior to analysis. The data management team also uses an optical validation script to rename photos and enforce several validation checks. Still photographs were taken with a high-resolution digital camera at 1-m intervals along each 30-m transect from 1 m above. 25 photoquadrat images were analyzed per site. Shantz, Andrew andrew.shantz@noaa.gov processor To ensure consistency, images were color corrected using Adobe Lightroom if it appeared that the camera they were taken from was not properly white balanced in the field. The file naming convention for each photo/image is KA[YEAR][MONTH]_[SURVEY#]_[GenericImageName] (e.g., KA2103_123_IMG_7933.JPG). Shantz, Andrew andrew.shantz@noaa.gov processor Source Contribution: Research article of findings from the data described herein. Williams ID, White DJ, Sparks RT, Lino KC, Zamzow JP, Kelly ELA, et al. (2016) Responses of Herbivorous Fishes and Benthos to 6 Years of Protection at the Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area, Maui. PLoS ONE 11(7): e0159100. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0159100 2016-07-27 publication Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159100 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link PLOS One Responses of Herbivorous Fishes and Benthos to 6 Years of Protection at the Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area, Maui information originator otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: None