gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:59191 eng UTF8 dataset CSV Files Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5300 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Website Website for this organization information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. resourceProvider DesRochers, Annette M (808)725-5461 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA annette.desrochers@noaa.gov 8 am - 5 pm pointOfContact Akridge, Michael W (808)725-5483 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA michael.akridge@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2026-03-04T19:17:21 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative: surveys for percent and severity of bleached coral cover across the Hawaiian Archipelago from August 20 to December 7, 2019 HCBC 2019 Surveys 2020-03 creation 2021-01 publication NOAA/NMFS/EDM 59191 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/59191 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Full Metadata Record View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset. information Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5360 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA pifsc.info@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Website Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. originator https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/surveys-assess-2019-hawaii-coral-bleaching-event WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Feature Story: Surveys to Assess the 2019 Hawaiʻi Coral Bleaching Event Online Resource download tableDigital The data described here result from coral bleaching surveys across the Hawaiian Archipelago from August 20 to December 7, 2019. The data provide information on live coral cover and the percentage and average severity that was bleached, as well as taxa-specific metrics (live cover and the percentage and severity that was bleached). The data were collected during a multi-institutional effort by the Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative (HCBC) to build a comprehensive dataset of the spatial extent and severity of bleaching in the Hawaiian Archipelago during the peak of the forecasted 2019 coral bleaching event. This dataset is a compilation of data supplied by: NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD); State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR), Division of Aquatic Resources (DAR); Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), Sandin Lab; Arizona State University (ASU), Asner Lab; National Park Service (NPS), Pacific Island Inventory & Monitoring Network (PACN); Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB), Coral Reef Ecology Lab; and The Nature Conservancy (TNC) of Hawaii. Coral bleaching surveys were conducted at both fixed and random sites using varying methods per institution that included: rapid visual assessments, photoquadrat assessments, and transect-intercept assessments. Metrics that were recorded include live coral cover, the percentage of living coral that was bleached, and the average severity of bleached corals. Surveys conducted in the Main Hawaiian Islands were conducted during shore-based missions, whereas surveys in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands were performed opportunistically during the regularly scheduled NOAA National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) mission. Random sites were selected by each institution in their own ways, as follows: - NOAA ESD: A stratified random sampling (StRS) design was used; the StRS method effectively reduces estimate variance through stratification using environmental covariates and by sampling more sites rather than sampling more transects at a site - DAR: Randomly chose sites by covering shorelines at depths from 1-15ft with hard bottom substrate, and aligned transects with shoreline access points - TNC: Sites were randomly selected using ARC-GIS within a polygon bounded by 15' and 50' depth clines and clipped to hard bottom habitat, based on NOAA habitat maps - HIMB: Method described in lineage source - ASU: Sites were selected based on two factors: (1) bleaching reports sent into hawaiicoral.org (ASU, DAR, NOAA website) to locate potential hotspots on the Big Island; and (2) areas not reported as potential coldspots. At each selected "site", randomly selected location GPS points constrained only by isobaths of 5, 10, and 15m - PACN: Method described in lineage source The Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative (HCBC) planned and executed a field survey response in 2019 that applied a structured, hypothesis-driven approach to document the extent of coral bleaching in the Hawaiian Archipelago, and laid the groundwork for tracking coral response and recovery through time. NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division and funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program; State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources Division of Aquatic Resources; Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology; The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii; Arizona State University, National Park Service, and Scripps Institute of Oceanography completed Couch, Courtney S courtney.s.couch@noaa.gov pointOfContact Winston, Morgan S (808)725-5480 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA morgan.winston@noaa.gov custodian notPlanned 31283 Coral bleaching assessment and analysis theme CRCP Project Numeric Data Sets > Biology theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Diseases > Bleaching EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Benthos Analysis > Transect Monitoring > Belt Transect EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > In Situ Biological EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Rapid assessment studies EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Coral Cover EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Coral theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus CORAL - BLEACHING CORAL - SPECIES IDENTIFICATION REEF AND/OR BOTTOM REGIME - PERCENT COVER theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS survey - biological survey - swimmer/diver theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS RAINIER VARIOUS SMALL VESSELS theme NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS CORAL REEF STUDIES Coral Reef Conservation Program theme NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division theme NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Kauai Island (22N159W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Molokai Island (21N157W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Oahu (21N157W0003) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Lanai Island (20N156W0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Maui Island (20N156W0004) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027 OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii Island > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Kauai Island > Kauai Island (22N159W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Lanai Island > Lanai Island (20N156W0002) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Maui Island > Maui Island (20N156W0004) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Molokai Island > Molokai Island (21N157W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Oahu (21N157W0003) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus North Pacific Ocean Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS ASU Arizona State University CRED CREP Coral Bleaching Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Coral Reef Ecosystem Program DAR DLNR Department of Land and Natural Resources Division of Aquatic Resources ESD Ecosystem Sciences Division HIMB Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology NPS National Park Service PACN PIFSC Pacific Island Inventory & Monitoring Network Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Photoquadrat Assessments REA Rapid Ecological Assessments SIO Scripps Institute of Oceanography TNC The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii Transect-Intercept Assessments belt transect theme MHI Main Hawaiian Islands NWHI Northwestern Hawaiian Islands PMNM place DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC > Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2017-04-24 publication 8.5 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ocean and Climate Change project InPort otherRestrictions Cite As: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, [Date of Access]: Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative: surveys for percent and severity of bleached coral cover across the Hawaiian Archipelago from August 20 to December 7, 2019 [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/59191. NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose. otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None otherRestrictions Use Constraints: Please cite the Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative (NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division; State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources Division of Aquatic Resources; Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology; The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii; Arizona State University, National Park Service, and Scripps Institute of Oceanography) when using the data. Example: Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative, 2021: Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative: surveys for percent of bleached coral cover across the Hawaiian Archipelago from August 27 to December 7, 2019, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/59191. otherRestrictions Distribution Liability: While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. unclassified Not applicable Not applicable Benthic Cover Derived from Analysis of Benthic Images Collected in the Hawaiian Archipelago During the 2019 Bleaching Event NOAA/NMFS/EDM 59195 crossReference Benthic Images from Stratified Random Site (StRS) Surveys in the Main Hawaiian Islands During the 2019 Bleaching Event NOAA/NMFS/EDM 59193 crossReference HCBC 2019 Hawaii Bleaching Analysis Ready Clustered Data NOAA/NMFS/EDM 64324 crossReference NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA/NMFS/EDM 59191 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nmfs/pifsc/dmp/pdf/59191.pdf WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort. information crossReference eng; US biota The raw survey data from the 2019 surveys was originally recorded by each participant of the Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative before being compiled into a single multi-sheet Excel spreadsheet by the NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division. The sheets were then exported as separate csv files (e.g., survey observations and taxa list) for archiving. Hawaiian Archipelago including the Main and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. -178.383718 -155.01512 19.07672 28.459215 Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI), including Hawaii, Maui, Molokai, Lanai, Oahu, and Kauai, and the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI), including French Frigate Shoals, Lisianski Island, Pearl & Hermes Reef, and Kure Atoll. Shore-based surveys around the main Hawaiian Islands. | Currentness: Ground Condition 2019-08-20 2019-12-07 Surveys conducted in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands during the 4th leg of the 2019 NOAA National Coral Reef Monitoring Program cruise. | Currentness: Ground Condition 2019-08-27 2019-09-04 false eng false Spreadsheet Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative 2019 Surveys: Observation Entities 2021-07-09 publication Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative 2019 Surveys: Dataset Method Entities 2021-07-09 publication Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative 2019 Surveys: Taxa List 2021-07-09 publication CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link HCBC_2019_Observations.csv Coral bleaching observations from surveys conducted in the Hawaiian Archipelago in 2019 by the Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link HCBC_2019_DatasetMethodList.pdf Description of methods used per organization in the Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative to conduct coral bleaching surveys in 2019. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link HCBC_2019_TaxaList.csv Reference table of full taxa names per taxa code. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link CoralBleachingProtocol_2019_DAR.pdf This document describes the methodology developed by the State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Aquatic Resources to conduct coral bleaching surveys in 2019. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link CoralBleachingProtocol_2019_NOAA.pdf This document describes the methodology developed by NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division to conduct coral bleaching surveys in 2019. download dataset Accuracy Observations were made by experienced and trained benthic survey personnel. The accuracy of species and genus level identification was high. Handheld GPS units were used to locate random sites and mark site locations. Completeness Report Only shallow water (0 to 30 meter depth range) hard-bottom habitats were surveyed. Randomly selected survey sites were chosen using a systematic process based on available habitat and bathymetric data. Although efforts were made to include broad spatial coverage of surveys at each island, weather conditions and other environmental constraints may affect these efforts. Conceptual Consistency Observations made using the same survey method were conducted in a consistent manner, and nuances between survey methods are noted. Each organization in the Hawaii Coral Bleaching Collaborative used one of three survey methodologies: rapid visual assessments, photoquadrat assessments, and transect-intercept assessments - with nuances described in the Dataset Method List. NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) conducted rapid visual assessments and photoquadrat assessments of coral bleaching using the methodology outlined by the NOAA Coral Bleaching standard operating procedure for 2019. The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii (TNC) conducted rapid visual assessments of bleaching following the NOAA Coral Bleaching standard operating procedure for 2019, and photoquadrat assessments following methodology outlined in Survey of Marine Resources at Kīpahulu, Maui. Scripps Institute of Oceanography (SIO)'s Sandin Lab conducted coral bleaching surveys using the methodology outlined by the NOAA Coral Bleaching standard operating procedure for 2019. Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR), Division of Aquatic Resources (DAR) Oahu, Kauai, Maui, and Hawaii Islands conducted rapid visual assessments of coral bleaching following the DAR and NOAA Coral Bleaching standard operating procedures for 2019. DAR Oahu also conducted photoquadrat assessments following the DAR Mitigation Monitoring Protocol (Draft) and the DAR CoralNet Protocol. Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology's Coral Reef Ecology lab conducted coral bleaching surveys in Kaneohe Bay following methods outlined in the publications Bahr et al. 2015 and Bahr et al. 2017. The Arizona State University (ASU)'s Asner Lab conducted transect-intercept surveys, the method of which are further described in the Dataset Method List. The National Park Service (NPS) National Park Service Pacific Island Inventory & Monitoring Network (PACN) conducted photoquadrat assessments of coral bleaching using the methods outlined in the PACN NPS Coral Bleaching Overview 2019, NPS_PACN_BenthicMonitoringSOP, and NPS_PACN_BenthicImageAnalysisSOP. The slight differences in metrics collected between organizations, and any changes to methodologies over time, are documented in the Dataset Method List. Winston, Morgan S (808)725-5480 morgan.winston@noaa.gov processor Bahr et al. (2015), The 2014 coral bleaching and freshwater flood events in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. PeerJ 3:e1136; DOI 10.7717/peerj.1136 2015-08-04 publication https://peerj.com/articles/1136/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link PeerJ Source Citation URL information Bahr et al. (2017) Impact of Three Bleaching Events on the Reef Resiliency of Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. Front. Mar. Sci. 4:398. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00398 2017-12-08 publication https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2017.00398/full WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Frontiers in Marine Science Source Citation URL information Source Contribution: Standard operating protocol. Coral Bleaching SOP 2019 - DAR State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Aquatic Resources https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive Source Citation URL information originator Coral Bleaching SOP 2019 - NOAA NOAA Fisheries Ecosystem Sciences Division https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive Source Citation URL information originator DAR CoralNet Protocol State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Aquatic Resources https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive Source Citation URL information originator DAR Mitigation Monitoring Protocol_DRAFT State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Aquatic Resources https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive Source Citation URL information originator NPS_PACN_BenthicImageAnalysisSOP National Park Service Pacific Island Inventory & Monitoring Network https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive Source Citation URL information originator NPS_PACN_BenthicMonitoringSOP National Park Service Pacific Island Inventory & Monitoring Network https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive Source Citation URL information originator PACN NPS Coral Bleaching Overview 2019 National Park Service Pacific Island Inventory & Monitoring Network https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive Source Citation URL information originator Survey of Marine Resources at KÄ«pahulu, Maui 2019 2020-01-28 publication The Nature Conservancy Hawaii https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0209239 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Data Archive Source Citation URL information originator otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: None