gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:45816 eng UTF8 dataset CSV Files Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5300 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Website Website for this organization information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. resourceProvider Akridge, Michael W (808)725-5483 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA michael.akridge@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2026-03-04T19:17:25 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Calcification Rates of Crustose Coralline Algae (CCA) Derived from Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) Deployed at Coral Reef Sites in Batangas, Philippines from 2012 to 2015 Philippines: CAUs Coral Triangle 2022-07 revision 2017 publication NOAA/NMFS/EDM 45816 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/45816 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Full Metadata Record View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset. information Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5360 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA pifsc.info@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Website Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. originator https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0157633 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_2015_SOP_CAU_Field.pdf Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Assembly, Deployment, and Recovery Standard Operating Procedure (2015). download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0157633 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_2015_SOP_CAU_SampleProcessing.pdf Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Laboratory Analysis Standard Operating Procedure (2015). download https://pifscblog.wordpress.com/2013/03/06/verde-island-passage/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Citation URL NOAA PIFSC Coral Reef Ecosystem Program blog post from the 2013 mission to the Philippines. download https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/cred/pacific_ramp.php WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD's Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program website NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Ecosystem Sciences Division official website, Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP) page. download https://www.coraltriangleinitiative.org/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Coral Triangle Initiative Official page for Coral Triangle Initiative. download https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/pacific-islands/ecosystems/surveying-vast-ocean WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Ecosystem Sciences Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center website download https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26641885 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Baseline Assessment of Net Calcium Carbonate Accretion Rates on U.S. Pacific Reefs Online Resource download https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/region/pacific-islands#science WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Online Resource download tableDigital The calcification rate data described here are derived from calcification accretion units (CAUs) that were retrieved from fixed climate survey sites located in coral reef habitats during the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) led United States Agency for International Development (USAID) mission to Batangas, Philippines in 2015. CAUs are PVC settlement plates that facilitate the recruitment and colonization of crustose coralline algae, hard corals, and other reef calcifiers. Laboratory experiments show that CCA and coral calcification rates are strongly correlated with seawater chemistry, and changes in carbonate chemistry conditions due to ocean acidification could lead to reduced calcification and accretion rates and ecological phase shifts in coral reef communities. Coral reef calcium carbonate accretion rates can be estimated by measuring the change in weight of the CAUs between deployment and retrieval. Monitoring net accretion over successive deployments allows for the detection of changes in reef calcification rates over time. Five units were deployed on the seafloor at each CAU site for 3 years. The number of processed CAUs for a site may be less than the number deployed, either because the units were lost or damaged at sea and therefore not recovered, or in rare instances, due to errors during laboratory processing. This study provides information about spatial and temporal patterns of reef carbonate calcification and accretion rates and serves as a basis for detecting changes associated with changing seawater chemistry due to ocean acidification. These data can also be used in comparative analyses across natural gradients, thereby assisting efforts to determine whether key reef-building taxa can acclimatize to changing oceanographic environments. These data will have immediate, direct impacts on predictions of reef resilience in a higher carbon dioxide (CO2) world and on the design of reef management strategies. Laboratory experiments reveal calcification rates of crustose coralline algae (CCA) are strongly correlated to seawater aragonite saturation state. Predictions of reduced coral calcification rates, due to ocean acidification, suggest that coral reef communities will undergo ecological phase shifts as calcifying organisms are negatively impacted by changing seawater chemistry. CAU data collected herein can be used to establish calcium carbonate accretion rate baselines and assess change in reef accretion rates due to ocean acidification and other environmental drivers to help establish ecological baselines for climate change. NOAA Fisheries, PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division and partners, and funded by the United States Agency for International Development completed Barkley, Hannah C 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA hannah.barkley@noaa.gov pointOfContact Weible, Rebecca M 1845 Wasp Blvd, Bldg 176 Honolulu HI 96818 USA rebecca.weible@noaa.gov custodian Barkley, Hannah C 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA hannah.barkley@noaa.gov custodian asNeeded 483 Climate, Biodiversity and Fisheries in the Coral Triangle: Embracing the E in Ecosystem Approaches to Fisheries Management theme CRCP Project Numeric Data Sets > Calcification Rate theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Algal Cover EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Algal Growth > Calcification Rate EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Calcareous Macroalgae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Crustose Coralline Algae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Encrusting Macroalgae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Fleshy Macroalgae EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Reef Monitoring and Assessment EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Baseline studies EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > In Situ Biological EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Calcification EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Carbonate Chemistry EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Ocean Acidification theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus CALCIFICATION theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS in situ laboratory analyses theme NODC Observation Types Thesaurus CORAL REEF STUDIES Coral Reef Conservation Program Coral Triangle Initiative theme NODC Project Names Thesaurus US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division theme NODC Submitting Institution Names Thesaurus COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Philippines > Batangas > Arthur's Rock (13N120E0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Philippines > Batangas > Mabini (13N120E0032) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Philippines > Batangas > Tingloy (13N120E0009) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Philippines > Batangas > Twin Rocks Sanctuary (13N120E0005) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > South China Sea > Balayan Bay > Arthur's Rock (13N120E0002) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > South China Sea > Balayan Bay > Mabini (13N120E0032) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > South China Sea > Balayan Bay > Twin Rocks Sanctuary (13N120E0005) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > South China Sea > Maricaban Island > Tingloy (13N120E0009) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus NW Pacific (limit-180) place NODC Sea Area Names Thesaurus CAU CRED CREP Calcification Plate Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Coral Reef Ecosystem Program ESD Ecosystem Sciences Division PIFSC Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Settling Plate USAID United States Agency for International Development calcification accretion unit theme triennial temporal Arthur's Reef Batalang Bato Batong Buhay Koala Reserve Area Philippines Twin Rocks Verde Island Passage place Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) instrument DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC > Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2017-04-24 publication 8.5 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Baseline data from Climate Stations in Batangas, Philippines from 2012 to 2015 project InPort otherRestrictions Cite As: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, [Date of Access]: Calcification Rates of Crustose Coralline Algae (CCA) Derived from Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) Deployed at Coral Reef Sites in Batangas, Philippines from 2012 to 2015 [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/45816. NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose. otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None otherRestrictions Use Constraints: Please cite NOAA Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) when using the data. Suggested Citation: Coral Reef Ecosystem Program; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (2017). Calcification Rates of Crustose Coralline Algae (CCA) Derived from Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) Deployed at Coral Reef Sites in Batangas, Philippines from 2012 to 2015. NOAA's National Center for Environmental Information, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/45816. otherRestrictions Distribution Liability: While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. unclassified Not applicable Not applicable Assessing cryptic reef diversity of colonizing marine invertebrates using Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) deployed at coral reef sites in Batangas, Philippines from 2012 to 2015 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 45818 crossReference Benthic images collected at coral reef sites in Batangas, Philippines in 2012 and 2015 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 45820 crossReference Benthic percent cover derived from analysis of benthic images collected at coral reef sites in Batangas, Philippines in 2015 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 45819 crossReference Diel seawater carbonate chemistry observations from a suite of instrumentation deployed at coral reef sites in Batangas, Philippines from May 21-31, 2015 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 45954 crossReference Water Chemistry and Shallow Water Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) Profiles for select locations across Batangas, Philippines from 2012 to 2015 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 45817 crossReference NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA/NMFS/EDM 45816 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nmfs/pifsc/dmp/pdf/45816.pdf WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort. information crossReference eng; US biota After CAU units are deployed and recovered, the associated metadata is entered by the OCC team into the existing Oracle APEX mission application available on the research vessel, where it is eventually migrated to the NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) enterprise Oracle database. Upon cruise completion, each CAU is given the necessary data entry fields used in laboratory processing through the Oracle APEX CAU application. Laboratory analysis is conducted in batches of 25 CAU units and is conducted according to the Standard Operating Procedure (URL 5). All weights are entered digitally using an analytical balance to avoid data entry errors with such precise measurements (up to 3 decimal places). Once all steps of processing have been completed, all data entry fields in the Oracle CAU Application are verified as accurate and complete, then final calcification rates per unit are calculated. Data are then extracted from the Oracle database and distributed to the NOAA ocean data archive by region and year of recovery. Climate survey sites in the municipalities of Mabini and Tingloy in Batangas, Philippines (near the Verde Island Passage), including Batong Buhay, Koala Reserve Area, Arthur's Reef, Twin Rocks, and Batalang Bato 120.8719 120.8951 13.65879 13.72802 Extent of CAU deployments in 2012 and recoveries in 2015 at climate survey sites in the municipalities of Mabini and Tingloy in Batangas, Philippines (near the Verde Island Passage), including Batong Buhay, Koala Reserve Area, Arthur's Reef, Twin Rocks, and Batalang Bato. These climate survey sites in the Philippines were a onetime, joint NOAA and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) project. Five survey locations in the municipalities of Mabini and Tingloy in Batangas, Philippines (near the Verde Island Passage), including Batong Buhay, Koala Reserve Area, Arthur's Reef, Twin Rocks, and Batalang Bato. Date first CAU was deployed during the shore-based deployment mission in 2012, and date last CAU was recovered during the shore-based recovery mission in 2015. | Currentness: Ground Condition 2012-03-13 2015-06-03 The Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) at NOAA Fisheries is conducting in-situ climate monitoring across the U.S. Pacific Islands Region. Climate monitoring provides a comprehensive view of climate change impacts on coral reef ecosystems and helps identify areas of resilience and vulnerability. The key indicators used to identify and monitor climate-driven trends include 1) thermal stress caused by changes in sea temperature, 2) ocean acidification resulting from changes in carbonate chemistry, and 3) ecological impacts by collecting data on coral growth rates and community structure to understand the impacts of thermal stress and ocean acidification on the ecosystem. This particular dataset for the Philippines is part of a 3-year project ("Climate, Biodiversity and Fisheries in the Coral Triangle: Embracing the E in Ecosystem Approaches to Fisheries Management") implemented by ESD. This project was funded by NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Regional Development Mission Asia (RDMA) as part of the U.S. Coral Triangle Initiative, with additional support from the Coral Triangle Support Partnership and USAID Philippines. The goal of the project was to build on ESD's expertise to provide tools and information about climate change, ocean acidification, and their impacts on biodiversity and fisheries that could inform and be incorporated into an Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM) for the Philippines. ESD worked with local governments, communities, and NGOs to build science capacity by establishing robust observing capabilities and providing hands-on training to initiate collection of climate science information for the Verde Island Passage in the Philippines that can be used toward adaptive EAFM. ESD traveled to the Verde Island Passage region of the Philippines in 2012 to deploy moored oceanographic (subsurface temperature recorders [STRs]) and ecological (calcification accretion units [CAUs] and autonomous reef monitoring structures [ARMS]) instrumentation, to collect surface and bottom water samples, and to conduct benthic photo-quadrat surveys, which included the collection of benthic images; in 2013 to collect additional water samples; and again in 2015 to recover the instrumentation and to collect another round of water samples and benthic images and to conduct diel surveys. All activities were conducted by SCUBA divers at five locations in the municipalities of Mabini and Tingloy, including Batong Buhay, Koala Reserve Area, Arthur's Reef, Twin Rocks, and Batalang Bato. At each of the five locations, a shallow and deep survey site was established for a total of 10 survey sites. false eng false Data View Calcification Accretion Unit Entity 2022-08-03 publication CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) PDF - Adobe Portable Document Format NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information Email preferred distributor https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0162831 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_NCRMP_CAU_2015_CT.csv CAU unit recoveries collected across climate survey sites in the municipalities of Mabini and Tingloy in Batangas, Philippines (near the Verde Island Passage), including Batong Buhay, Koala Reserve Area, Arthur's Reef, Twin Rocks, and Batalang Bato by the PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division during a shore-based recovery mission in 2015 (MP1507). These CAU units were deployed during a deployment shore-based mission in 2012 (SB1207). Data include calcification rates per CAU unit. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0162831 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_NCRMP_CAU_2015_CT_QC.pdf Quality control report generated for recovered CAU data from climate survey sites in the municipalities of Mabini and Tingloy in Batangas, Philippines (near the Verde Island Passage), including Batong Buhay, Koala Reserve Area, Arthur's Reef, Twin Rocks, and Batalang Bato by the PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division during the recovery shore-based mission in 2015 (MP1507). download dataset Accuracy Prior to processing the calcification accretion unit (CAU) samples, laboratory analysts are trained to properly use relevant lab equipment (analytical balance, vacuum filtration pump, etc.) and are familiarized with the data entry tool/spreadsheet. Laboratory analysts are also required to go through the CAU Processing Standard Operating Procedure and other training materials. Completeness Measure Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) that have been deployed may not have been recovered due to logistical constraints of the following mission or could not be found when divers returned to the site. This can be quantified by comparing the number of recovered units to the number of units originally deployed (typically, 5 units per site). Completeness Report The calcification rate and ratio of calcified materials to fleshy materials are determined for each Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) recovered by the PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD). Scripps Institution of Oceanography (Scripps) staff may conduct additional analyses of specific units to determine functional group coverage and to determine species recruitment rates based on the results of analyzed photos collected during the unit recovery and disassembly process. Additionally, data from the CAUs processed in 2012 that do not meet the processing criteria set in 2012 - that is, if the difference between the final two subsequent dry weights exceeds 0.2 grams, then those data have been omitted from the final dataset described herein. Conceptual Consistency The sampling procedure is based on the protocols developed by Price et al. 2012. While this project followed the same overall protocols, slight modifications were made after the first set of recovered Calcification Accretion Units (CAUs) were processed in 2012. Specifically, the following changes were implemented in 2013: 1) camera settings (adjusted to fit laboratory light conditions), and 2) use of freshwater in lieu of seawater during plate photo-documentation (seawater was not readily available in the new facility). Further, the processing procedures were also modified in 2013 such that the acceptable criteria for samples to be considered completely dry was set to 0.1 grams instead of 0.2 grams - that is, if two subsequent dry weights do not fall within the identified acceptable range (0.1 grams), the drying process will continue until this criteria is met. Assembled calcification accretion units (CAUs) are attached to the benthos using stainless steel threaded rods. At each location (island) the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP) visits there are typically five CAUs deployed at each site. Calcareous organisms, primarily crustose coralline algae and encrusting corals, recruit to these CAUs and accrete/calcify carbonate skeletons over ~3-year deployments. Once recovered from the seafloor, the CAUs are processed to provide estimates of net calcification. CAUs have been deployed and replaced at existing, long-term monitoring sites during Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) cruises, and in the Coral Triangle, in accordance with protocols developed by Price et al. 2012. CALCIFICATION ACCRETION UNIT (CAU) ASSEMBLY, DEPLOYMENT and RECOVERY CAUs are composed of two 10 x 10 centimeter (cm) flat, square, gray PVC plates, stacked 1 cm apart. Five CAU units are deployed per site on individual stainless steel stakes driven into the substrate. The units are deployed in a clustered group with the spacing between each unit being 0.5 to 5 meters. CAU sites are situated at an average depth of 15 meters. Units are placed so the CAU plates are ~10 cm above the surface substrate and the top of the CAU plate is parallel to the surface of the water. CAU units are recovered from the seafloor ~3 years after deployment. Refer to the data files for the individual CAU site to determine the exact deployment time of a specific unit. Refer to the Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Assembly, Deployment, and Recovery Standard Operating Procedure (2015) for a detailed description of the protocols. 2015-08-01T00:00:00 Weible, Rebecca M rebecca.weible@noaa.gov processor CALCIFICATION ACCRETION UNIT (CAU) LABORATORY ANALYSIS Once CAU units are recovered they are disassembled and each plate is rinsed with freshwater to remove loose sediment, sand and mobile fauna. The plates are photographed and individual images are captured of the Upper Plate, Top Side; Upper Plate, Bottom Side; Lower Plate, Top Side; Lower Plate, Bottom Side. These images can be analyzed to determine benthic composition on each plate surface. If pieces of calcified material fall off during the photographing process, the pieces are retained with the plate for the dissolution process. After the plates have been photographed they are rinsed with fresh water and placed on a pre-weighed drying plate along with any dislodged pieces, and left to begin drying at room temperature for 24 hours and to allow excess water to be removed. The drying plate assembly is then placed in the oven to dry at 60 degrees Celsius. If the difference in weights is less than 0.2 grams, the plates are considered dry and no further drying/weighing is required. If the difference in weights is greater than 0.2 grams the drying/reweighing process is repeated for as many 24-hour cycles as needed to obtain a difference of less than 0.2 grams. It should be noted that since the initial sample processing in 2012, the standard weighing protocol has since been improved such that the acceptable weight difference is 0.1 grams. Once the plates are dry, each plate is placed in 5-10% Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) solution to dissolve the calcium carbonate materials. The plate is scraped to remove all materials and rinsed with the dilute HCl solution. The plate is then placed in the oven at 60 degrees Celsius to dry for 24 hours before the dry plate is obtained. Through the entire dissolution process all dilute HCl rinse solution is preserved for later filtering. The dilute HCl rinse process is repeated on all materials removed from the plate until the dissolution process has stopped and all calcium carbonate material has been removed. The fleshy material and used dilute HCl rinse materials are then separated using a vacuum filtration pump by pouring the solution into a Buchner funnel, mesh layer and pre-weighed filter paper. The filter paper and fleshy material are then dried and weighed to determine the weight of fleshy algae present on each plate. The weight of calcified materials on each plate is determined by difference, where the initial weight of the dried plate (prior to the dissolution process) minus the fleshy material weight equals the weight of carbonate material dissolved. The resulting calcification rates are reported in units of grams/area/time. Refer to the Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Laboratory Analysis Standard Operating Procedure (2015) for a detailed description of the protocols. 2015-09-01T00:00:00 Weible, Rebecca M rebecca.weible@noaa.gov processor Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Assembly, Deployment, and Recovery Standard Operating Procedure (2015) 2015-08-01 publication Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0157633 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_2015_SOP_CAU_Field.pdf Source Citation URL information originator Calcification Accretion Unit (CAU) Laboratory Analysis Standard Operating Procedure (2015) 2015-09-01 publication Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, PIFSC https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0157633 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ESD_2015_SOP_CAU_SampleProcessing.pdf Source Citation URL information originator Price NN, Martz TR, Brainard RE, Smith JE (2012) Diel Variability in Seawater pH Relates to Calcification and Benthic Community Structure on Coral Reefs. PLoS ONE 7(8): e43843. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043843 2012-08-28 publication Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0043843 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Source Citation URL Source Citation URL information originator otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: None