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Climate stations are 3-4 sites per island that were selected in a stratified random fashion to be roughly equally spaced around the island, along the 15 m contour, on hard bottom, and at least 1 km away from a river mouth or embayment. Once selected we assess multiple features of the coral reef environment including in-situ temperature (STR), seawater carbonate, net carbonate accretion (CAU), and bioerosion (BMU). In 2013 and 2016, cryptobiota diversity (ARMS) was also assessed.

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            <gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_KeywordTypeCode" codeListValue="dataCentre">dataCentre</gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode>
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          <gmd:distributorContact>
            <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
              <gmd:organisationName>
                <gco:CharacterString>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:organisationName>
              <gmd:contactInfo>
                <gmd:CI_Contact>
                  <gmd:phone>
                    <gmd:CI_Telephone>
                      <gmd:voice gco:nilReason="missing" />
                    </gmd:CI_Telephone>
                  </gmd:phone>
                  <gmd:address>
                    <gmd:CI_Address>
                      <gmd:deliveryPoint gco:nilReason="missing" />
                      <gmd:city gco:nilReason="missing" />
                      <gmd:administrativeArea gco:nilReason="missing" />
                      <gmd:postalCode gco:nilReason="missing" />
                      <gmd:country gco:nilReason="missing" />
                      <gmd:electronicMailAddress>
                        <gco:CharacterString>ncei.info@noaa.gov</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:electronicMailAddress>
                    </gmd:CI_Address>
                  </gmd:address>
                  <gmd:onlineResource>
                    <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                      <gmd:linkage>
                        <gmd:URL>https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact</gmd:URL>
                      </gmd:linkage>
                      <gmd:protocol>
                        <gco:CharacterString>WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:protocol>
                      <gmd:name>
                        <gco:CharacterString>NCEI Contact Information</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:name>
                      <gmd:description>
                        <gco:CharacterString>Information for contacts at NCEI.</gco:CharacterString>
                      </gmd:description>
                      <gmd:function>
                        <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="information">information</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
                      </gmd:function>
                    </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                  </gmd:onlineResource>
                </gmd:CI_Contact>
              </gmd:contactInfo>
              <gmd:role>
                <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#gmd:CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="distributor">distributor</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
              </gmd:role>
            </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
          </gmd:distributorContact>
        </gmd:MD_Distributor>
      </gmd:distributor>
      <gmd:transferOptions>
        <gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
          <gmd:onLine>
            <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
              <gmd:linkage>
                <gmd:URL>https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0159172</gmd:URL>
              </gmd:linkage>
              <gmd:protocol>
                <gco:CharacterString>WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:protocol>
              <gmd:name>
                <gco:CharacterString>Climate Images HAWAII 2013</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:name>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Photoquadrat benthic images collected at NCRMP climate stations and permanent sites across the Hawaiian archipelago in 2013 by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:function>
                <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="download">download</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
              </gmd:function>
            </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
          </gmd:onLine>
        </gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
      </gmd:transferOptions>
      <gmd:transferOptions>
        <gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
          <gmd:onLine>
            <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
              <gmd:linkage>
                <gmd:URL>https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0164296</gmd:URL>
              </gmd:linkage>
              <gmd:protocol>
                <gco:CharacterString>WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:protocol>
              <gmd:name>
                <gco:CharacterString>Climate Images HAWAII 2016</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:name>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Photoquadrat benthic images collected at NCRMP climate stations and permanent sites across the Hawaiian archipelago in 2013 by the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Program (CREP)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:function>
                <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="download">download</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
              </gmd:function>
            </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
          </gmd:onLine>
        </gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
      </gmd:transferOptions>
      <gmd:transferOptions>
        <gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
          <gmd:onLine>
            <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
              <gmd:linkage>
                <gmd:URL>https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0240600</gmd:URL>
              </gmd:linkage>
              <gmd:protocol>
                <gco:CharacterString>WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:protocol>
              <gmd:name>
                <gco:CharacterString>Benthic_Image_Site_Info.csv</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:name>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Site information: Site, Date, Latitude and Longitude, for each Climate Site visited by NOAA PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) to collect photoquadrat benthic images.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:function>
                <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="download">download</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
              </gmd:function>
            </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
          </gmd:onLine>
        </gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
      </gmd:transferOptions>
      <gmd:transferOptions>
        <gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
          <gmd:onLine>
            <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
              <gmd:linkage>
                <gmd:URL>https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0240600</gmd:URL>
              </gmd:linkage>
              <gmd:protocol>
                <gco:CharacterString>WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:protocol>
              <gmd:name>
                <gco:CharacterString>Climate Images Hawaii 2019</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:name>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Photoquadrat benthic images collected at NCRMP climate stations and permanent sites across the Hawaiian archipelago in 2019 by the NOAA PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD)</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:function>
                <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="download">download</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
              </gmd:function>
            </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
          </gmd:onLine>
        </gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
      </gmd:transferOptions>
      <gmd:transferOptions>
        <gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
          <gmd:onLine>
            <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
              <gmd:linkage>
                <gmd:URL>https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/#</gmd:URL>
              </gmd:linkage>
              <gmd:protocol>
                <gco:CharacterString>WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:protocol>
              <gmd:name>
                <gco:CharacterString>ESD_NCRMP_BENTHIC_IMAGES_FIXED_2024_HAWAII</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:name>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Benthic photoquadrat imagery collected at fixed sites in 2024 during the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program surveys across the Hawaiian Archipelago.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:function>
                <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="download">download</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
              </gmd:function>
            </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
          </gmd:onLine>
        </gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
      </gmd:transferOptions>
    </gmd:MD_Distribution>
  </gmd:distributionInfo>
  <gmd:dataQualityInfo>
    <gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
      <gmd:scope>
        <gmd:DQ_Scope>
          <gmd:level>
            <gmd:MD_ScopeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_ScopeCode" codeListValue="dataset">dataset</gmd:MD_ScopeCode>
          </gmd:level>
        </gmd:DQ_Scope>
      </gmd:scope>
      <gmd:report>
        <gmd:DQ_QuantitativeAttributeAccuracy>
          <gmd:nameOfMeasure>
            <gco:CharacterString>Accuracy</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:nameOfMeasure>
          <gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
            <gco:CharacterString>Handheld GPS units were used to mark site locations.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
          <gmd:result gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmd:DQ_QuantitativeAttributeAccuracy>
      </gmd:report>
      <gmd:report>
        <gmd:DQ_ThematicClassificationCorrectness>
          <gmd:nameOfMeasure>
            <gco:CharacterString>Comparability</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:nameOfMeasure>
          <gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
            <gco:CharacterString>Survey transects were appropriately marked to allow direct, site-level temporal comparisons.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
          <gmd:result gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmd:DQ_ThematicClassificationCorrectness>
      </gmd:report>
      <gmd:report>
        <gmd:DQ_CompletenessCommission>
          <gmd:nameOfMeasure>
            <gco:CharacterString>Completeness Measure</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:nameOfMeasure>
          <gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
            <gco:CharacterString>Complete; photoquads were taken at all sites surveyed.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
          <gmd:result gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmd:DQ_CompletenessCommission>
      </gmd:report>
      <gmd:report>
        <gmd:DQ_CompletenessCommission>
          <gmd:nameOfMeasure>
            <gco:CharacterString>Completeness Report</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:nameOfMeasure>
          <gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
            <gco:CharacterString>Only sites classified as climate stations / permanent sites were surveyed.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
          <gmd:result gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmd:DQ_CompletenessCommission>
      </gmd:report>
      <gmd:report>
        <gmd:DQ_ConceptualConsistency>
          <gmd:nameOfMeasure>
            <gco:CharacterString>Conceptual Consistency</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:nameOfMeasure>
          <gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
            <gco:CharacterString>Survey methods were consistent across all sites.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
          <gmd:result gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmd:DQ_ConceptualConsistency>
      </gmd:report>
      <gmd:lineage>
        <gmd:LI_Lineage>
          <gmd:statement>
            <gco:CharacterString>Benthic photographs were collected for climate stations and permanent sites at pre-defined points along the transect. These photos are color-corrected (if necessary) prior to analysis. The data management team also uses a optical validation script to re-name photos and enforce several validation checks.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:statement>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>At the NCRMP climate station a 10m transect is run from the reference stake parallel to shore and in roughly a cardinal (N, S, E, or W) direction. At the 10m mark of the transect tape, a second 5m transect is deployed perpendicular and down-slope. This gives a total of a 15m transect and forms 2 of the boundary sides of the NCRMP plot. Bearings of each transect are recorded. Along the 15m transect tape, two images are taken per meter, for a total of 30 images per climate station.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:processor>
                <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                  <gmd:individualName>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Vargas-Angel, Bernardo</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:individualName>
                  <gmd:contactInfo>
                    <gmd:CI_Contact>
                      <gmd:phone>
                        <gmd:CI_Telephone>
                          <gmd:voice>
                            <gco:CharacterString>(808)725-5423</gco:CharacterString>
                          </gmd:voice>
                        </gmd:CI_Telephone>
                      </gmd:phone>
                      <gmd:address>
                        <gmd:CI_Address>
                          <gmd:electronicMailAddress>
                            <gco:CharacterString>bernardo.vargasangel@noaa.gov</gco:CharacterString>
                          </gmd:electronicMailAddress>
                        </gmd:CI_Address>
                      </gmd:address>
                    </gmd:CI_Contact>
                  </gmd:contactInfo>
                  <gmd:role>
                    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#gmd:CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="processor">processor</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
                  </gmd:role>
                </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
              </gmd:processor>
            </gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Before uploading images for image analysis, ensure there are ~30 images per site and that each of the images correspond to the site. If there are less than 15 images for a site, eliminate the site from image analysis. Additionally, if images are blurry or have poor visibility, exclude them from image analysis. If images are not properly white balanced and/or appear blue, ensure that the images are color corrected utilizing an image editing software before uploading them to the image analysis tool.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:processor>
                <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
                  <gmd:individualName>
                    <gco:CharacterString>Vargas-Angel, Bernardo</gco:CharacterString>
                  </gmd:individualName>
                  <gmd:contactInfo>
                    <gmd:CI_Contact>
                      <gmd:phone>
                        <gmd:CI_Telephone>
                          <gmd:voice>
                            <gco:CharacterString>(808)725-5423</gco:CharacterString>
                          </gmd:voice>
                        </gmd:CI_Telephone>
                      </gmd:phone>
                      <gmd:address>
                        <gmd:CI_Address>
                          <gmd:electronicMailAddress>
                            <gco:CharacterString>bernardo.vargasangel@noaa.gov</gco:CharacterString>
                          </gmd:electronicMailAddress>
                        </gmd:CI_Address>
                      </gmd:address>
                    </gmd:CI_Contact>
                  </gmd:contactInfo>
                  <gmd:role>
                    <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#gmd:CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="processor">processor</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
                  </gmd:role>
                </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
              </gmd:processor>
            </gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
        </gmd:LI_Lineage>
      </gmd:lineage>
    </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
  </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
  <gmd:metadataConstraints>
    <gmd:MD_LegalConstraints>
      <gmd:accessConstraints>
        <gmd:MD_RestrictionCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#gmd:MD_RestrictionCode" codeListValue="otherRestrictions">otherRestrictions</gmd:MD_RestrictionCode>
      </gmd:accessConstraints>
      <gmd:useConstraints>
        <gmd:MD_RestrictionCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#gmd:MD_RestrictionCode" codeListValue="otherRestrictions">otherRestrictions</gmd:MD_RestrictionCode>
      </gmd:useConstraints>
      <gmd:otherConstraints>
        <gco:CharacterString>Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: None</gco:CharacterString>
      </gmd:otherConstraints>
    </gmd:MD_LegalConstraints>
  </gmd:metadataConstraints>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>