gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:35796 eng UTF8 dataset CSV Files Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5300 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Website Website for this organization information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. resourceProvider DesRochers, Annette M (808)725-5461 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA annette.desrochers@noaa.gov 8 am - 5 pm Email preferred pointOfContact Akridge, Michael W (808)725-5483 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA michael.akridge@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2026-03-04T19:17:27 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Monk Seal Ecosystem Model Data: A Comparison of Ecosystem Structure and Energy Flows of Monk Seal Populations from Laysan Island and French Frigate Shoals in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Monk Seal Ecosystem Model Data 2017-11-06 publication NOAA/NMFS/EDM 35796 https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12320 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/35796 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Full Metadata Record View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset. information Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5360 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA pifsc.info@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Website Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. originator Weijerman, Mariska (808)725-5468 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA mariska.weijerman@noaa.gov Email preferred author https://ecopath.org WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) Ecological/ecosystem modeling software website. download https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/hawaiian_monk_seal/ WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Hawaiian Monk Seal Research Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center website. download tableDigital Weijerman M, Robinson S, Parrish F, Polovina J, Littnan C (2017) Comparative application of trophic ecosystem models to evaluate drivers of endangered Hawaiian monk seal populations. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 582:215-229. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12320 To understand various ecosystem dynamics that could explain observed changes and differences in monk seal biomass at French Frigate Shoals (FFS) and Laysan (LAY), Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) version 6.4.4 modeling software was used to conduct two types of simulations, sensitivity (to understand the system) and hindcast (to evaluate drivers of monk seal population dynamics). EwE models for LAY and FFS were developed and model output was compared between the 2 models. The model output data included in the data sets represent the most important conclusions as reported in the publication from this study. These are (1) the mean of the last 5 years of each perturbation for sensitivity assessment; and (2) hindcast simulations. The first data set was used to understand the main drivers of the trophic structure and energy flow in the ecosystems. Four perturbation scenarios were simulated for a time span of 40 years (2010 through 2049): (a) baseline (compare static structural ecosystem composition between FFS and LAY), (b) altered predator abundance (30% decrease in biomass of main predators in the ecosystem), (c) altered monk seal prey abundance (30% decrease in biomass of main monk seal prey groups, with and without bottomfish to test how much bottomfish accounts for changes, and (d) altered primary productivity (change productivity annually by 10% for both phytoplankton and benthic algae through an annual forcing factor of 0.9 and 1.1 on both groups). The hindcast simulations were performed to evaluate the importance of historical stressors to monk seal population dynamics by selecting the best-fit model for the monk seal biomass time series (1998-2015). Stressors included were (a) fishing with time series based on commercial fishery data, (b) environment with time series of the monthly PDO index as a multiplier for primary productivity, (c) additional mortality simulated with a constant removal of monk seals of varied intensities, and (4) combinations of these 3 stressors (2a and 2c being the most important with regard to the observed trend in monk seal population). Time series observation data of monk seal biomass and benthic bottomfish biomass, as well as catch time series of bank sharks (only for FFS), benthic and demersal bottomfish, bank jacks, and macroheterotrophs (lobsters) were loaded into Ecosim for model fitting. Refer to Weijerman et al (2017) for complete details. The main objective of this study was to understand the difference in ecosystem dynamics that could explain the observed decrease in monk seal biomass at French Frigate Shoals and the more stable biomass at Laysan. Specifically we investigated the relative influence of potential drivers---including primary productivity, prey population, and predation---on the monk seal populations in 40-year simulations and the external drivers of climate and fishing with an additional mortality on monk seals in hindcast simulations. Understanding the drivers and predictability of population trends will illuminate areas of focus for Hawaiian monk seal recovery efforts. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center completed Littnan, Charles L (808)725-5711 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA charles.littnan@noaa.gov Email preferred pointOfContact Weijerman, Mariska (808)725-5468 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA mariska.weijerman@noaa.gov Email preferred custodian notPlanned Numeric Data Sets > Biology theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Ecological Dynamics EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Vertebrates EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Mammals EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Mammals > Pinnipeds theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus BIOMASS theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS model output theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division theme NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Laysan Island (25N171W0001) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Laysan Island (25N171W0001) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus North Pacific Ocean Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Ecopath with Ecosim EwE Hawaiian monk seal PIFSC PSD Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Protected Species Division bottomfish fishery ecological modeling monk seal recovery theme French Frigate Shoals Laysan NWHI Northwestern Hawaiian Islands PMNM place DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC > Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2017-04-24 publication 8.5 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ecosystem Modeling project InPort otherRestrictions Cite As: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, [Date of Access]: Monk Seal Ecosystem Model Data: A Comparison of Ecosystem Structure and Energy Flows of Monk Seal Populations from Laysan Island and French Frigate Shoals in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/35796. NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose. otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None otherRestrictions Use Constraints: Please cite PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) when using the data. Suggested citation: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2019: Monk Seal Ecosystem Model Data: A Comparison of Ecosystem Structure and Energy Flows of Monk Seal Populations from Laysan Island and French Frigate Shoals in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands from 1998 through 2015, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/35796. otherRestrictions Distribution Liability: While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such warranty. unclassified Not applicable Not applicable NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA/NMFS/EDM 35796 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nmfs/pifsc/dmp/pdf/35796.pdf WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort. information crossReference eng; US biota Model outputs (Excel/csv files) were generated using Ecopath with Ecosim version 6.4.3. -172 -166 23.5 26 Laysan and French Frigate Shoals of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Hindcast model output for 1998-2015 for which we had time series of monk and bottomfish biomass. For system understanding we used the same base conditions (ground condition) and ran simulations for 40 years. | Currentness: Ground Condition 1998-01-01 2015-12-31 false eng false Spreadsheet Monk Seal Ecosystem Model Output Data for System Understanding 2019-05-08 publication Monk Seal Ecosystem Model: observation data and output data hindcast 2019-05-08 publication CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0190881 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link 1a.Base.csv Monthly output of ecosystem modeling data for the last 5 years of 40-year simulation run for Laysan and French Frigate Shoals with no additional drivers. This data set serves as the baseline. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0190881 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link 1d.0.9xPrimaryProducers.csv Monthly output of ecosystem modeling data for the last 5 years of 40-year simulation run for Laysan and French Frigate Shoals where we decreased Primary Producers by 10%. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0190881 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link 1d.1.1xPrimaryProducers.csv Monthly output of ecosystem modeling data for the last 5 years of 40-year simulation run for Laysan and French Frigate Shoals where we increased Primary Producers by 10%. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0190881 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link 1b.30percent_DecreasePredatorBiomass.csv Monthly output of ecosystem modeling data for the last 5 years of 40-year simulation run for Laysan and French Frigate Shoals where we decreased the biomass of the monk seal predators - Sea Birds, Tiger Sharks, Reef Sharks, Reef Jacks, Subphotic Piscivores - by 30%. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0190881 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link 1c.30percent_DecreasePrey-Meso_BC_PK_FF_BB.csv Monthly output of ecosystem modeling data for the last 5 years of 40-year simulation run for Laysan and French Frigate Shoals where we decreased in monk seal prey including bottomfish - Mesophotic Benthic Carnivores, Mesophotic Plantivores, Mesophotic Forage Fish, Bottomfish - by 30%. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0190881 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link 1c.30percent_DecreasePrey-Meso_BC_PK_FF.csv Monthly output of ecosystem modeling data for the last 5 years of 40-year simulation run for Laysan and French Frigate Shoals where we decreased monk seal prey - Mesophotic Benthic Carnivores, Mesophotic Plantivores, Mesophotic Forage Fish - by 30%. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0190881 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link 2c.Fishery_plus_percent_removal.csv Monthly output of ecosystem modeling data from 1998 through 2015 for Laysan and French Frigate Shoals where we included a bottomfish fishery and an additional mortality on monk seals to assess its importance on the observed trend in monk seal population. For Laysan, the best fit with the observed data was fishery + 1 % removal, and for French Frigate Shoals it was fishery + 7% removal. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0190881 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link 2a.Fishery_only.csv Monthly output of ecosystem modeling data from 1998 - 2015 for Laysan (LAY) and French Frigate Shoals (FFS) where we included a bottomfish fishery only to assess its importance on the observed trend in monk seal population. download https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0190881 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Observation_data.csv Monk seal observation data from 1998 - 2015 and bottomfish observation data from 1998 to 2010. These data sets were used to compare model output data with to assess which simulation has the best fit and is therefore most likely to explain the factors contributing to the monk seal trends. download dataset Representativeness Model output data (i.e., predictions) provide a range of potential answers based on the available data and should not be used for tactical management. Accuracy Monk seal biomass data comes from beach counts. Bottomfish biomass data was model derived based on stock assessments of the bottomfish fishery. All generated data is model derived and has some uncertainty associated with it. Analytical Accuracy Best-fit of model-simulated output data and observational data was based on the least square fitting criterion and summed the squared deviations. Additionally, the Akaike's information criterion (AIC) was calculated taking into account the small sample size. Completeness Report All available biological data for the areas of interest were used. Fishery data was limited to 2010 as NOAA discontinued stock assessments once the fishery was closed. Conceptual Consistency Data sets are model output data. Input data was collected for the Ecopath with Ecosim model (EwE) from Parrish et al 2011; PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division data, monk seal data, bottomfish stock asessment data, and other sources defined in Weijerman et al 2017 MEPS. The model output data is generated with the EwE model. See Weijerman et al 2017 MEPS for details. Fish species were aggregated into functional groups. All biomass data was converted to metric tons per square kilometer and used as input data for the EwE model. Rate parameters were calculated based on a weighted average by species composition in the functional groups. Landings data of bottomfish were aggregated by year for the spatial areas encompassing the two ecosystems of interest (Laysan and French Frigate Shoals). Model output data is reported without any additional process steps. Weijerman, Mariska (808)725-5468 mariska.weijerman@noaa.gov processor Source Contribution: Input data Brodziak J, Moffitt R, DiNardo G. 2009. Hawaiian bottomfish assessment update for 2008. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Administrative Report H-09-02, 93 p. 2009-03-02 publication Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov/library/pubs/admin/PIFSC_Admin_Rep_09-02.pdf WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center library: staff publications Source Citation URL information publisher Source Contribution: Input data National Coral Reef Monitoring Program: Stratified Random Surveys (StRS) of Reef Fish, including Benthic Estimate Data of the Hawaiian Archipelago since 2013 Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/24447 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link InPort: NOAA Fisheries Enterprise Data Management Program Source Citation URL information originator Source Contribution: Input data National Marine Fisheries Service (2017) Hawaiian monk seal. In: Carretta JV, Forney KA, Oleson EM, Weller DW and others (eds) U.S. Pacific marine mammal stock assessments: 2016. NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-577, p 41–48 2017-06-01 publication Southwest Fisheries Science Center, SWFSC https://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-SWFSC-577 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Institutional Repository Monk seal biomass and life history data (draft report), https://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/sars/pdf/pac2016_draft.pdf information originator Source Contribution: Peer-reviewed manuscript, input data Parrish FA, Howell EA, Antonelis GA, Iverson SJ, Littnan CL, Parrish JD, Polovina JJ (2012) Estimating the carrying capacity of French Frigate Shoals for the endangered Hawaiian monk seal using Ecopath with Ecosim. Marine Mammal Science 28:522-541 2011-07-15 publication https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2011.00502.x WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Wiley Online Library, Marine Mammal Science information Source Contribution: Peer-reviewed manuscript describing results Weijerman M, Robinson S, Parrish F, Polovina J, Littnan C (2017) Comparative application of trophic ecosystem models to evaluate drivers of endangered Hawaiian monk seal populations. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 582:215-229. 2017-11-06 publication https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12320 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Marine Ecology Progress Series Source Citation URL information otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: None