gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:32586 eng UTF8 dataset CSV Files Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5300 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Website Website for this organization information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. resourceProvider DesRochers, Annette M (808)725-5461 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA annette.desrochers@noaa.gov 8 am - 5 pm Email preferred pointOfContact Akridge, Michael W (808)725-5483 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA michael.akridge@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2026-03-04T19:17:25 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Oceanographic data, including conductivity, temperature, depth, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, and turbidity, collected during towed-diver surveys conducted from November 3-18, 2015 in the Main Hawaiian Islands to assess damage from the 2015 mass coral bleaching event Bleaching: 2015 Oceanographic Data 2018-01-31 creation 2019 publication NOAA/NMFS/EDM 32586 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/32586 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Full Metadata Record View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset. information Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center 808-725-5360 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA pifsc.info@noaa.gov https://www.pifsc.noaa.gov WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Website Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center homepage information 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. originator https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/pacific-islands/ecosystems/surveying-vast-ocean WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Online Resource download tableDigital The oceanographic data included in this dataset were collected by the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD; formerly the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division) from November 3-18, 2015 with funding from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program. The purpose of the two-week research cruise was to evaluate the impacts of the 2015 mass coral bleaching event in the Main Hawaiian Islands. A modified version of ESD's towed-diver method was used to conduct surveys around south Oahu, west Maui, Lanai, and west Hawaii island. The modified towed-diver method involved towing a pair of SCUBA divers behind a small boat for 50 minutes and covering a linear distance of ~2 kilometers per survey. Each diver was equipped with a towboard and attempted to maintain position ~1 meter above the surface of the reef for the duration of the survey. The oceanographic data was collected with a Seabird Electronics 19P CTD mounted to one of the towboards with two auxillary sensors connected to it, including a Seabird Electronics SBE43 oxygen sensor and a Wet labs FLNTURTD fluorometer and scattering meter. The data were collected continuously throughout each survey and included conductivity, temperature, depth, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, and turbidity. A complete towed-diver survey includes ten 5-minute segments, with oceanographic data averaged by 5-minute segment to correspond with the visual observations recorded by the benthic diver. At the conclusion of the mission, approximately 90 kilometers of 15-m wide transects at depths ranging from ~1 m to ~13 m were surveyed. The 2014–2015 global coral bleaching event brought widespread and severe impacts to the entire Hawaiian archipelago. In 2015, the corals of the Main Hawaiian Islands were subjected to unprecedented levels of thermal stress that resulted in the most severe coral bleaching ever recorded in the islands. To document the event, local researchers and reef managers conducted free-swimming diver surveys in areas generally accessible via same-day field excursions. In an effort to survey larger high coral cover areas that are not as accessible, the Ecosystem Sciences Division at the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center led a two-week research cruise in November 2015 aboard the NOAA Ship Hi‘ialaka‘i to evaluate the impacts of the 2015 coral bleaching event in the Main Hawaiian Islands. PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division and funded by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program completed Oliver, Thomas (808)725-5444 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA thomas.oliver@noaa.gov Email preferred pointOfContact Pomeroy, Noah (808)725-5439 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA noah.pomeroy@noaa.gov Email preferred custodian Oliver, Thomas (808)725-5444 1845 Wasp Blvd. Honolulu HI 96818 USA thomas.oliver@noaa.gov custodian notPlanned Dataset submitted to NCEI May 2019 Numeric Data Sets > Oceanography theme CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > In Situ Chemical EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > In Situ Physical EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Climate Change EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Dissolved Gases EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Oxygen EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Optics > Fluorescence EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Optics > Turbidity EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Pressure > Sea Level Pressure EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Temperature > Water Temperature EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Salinity/Density > Conductivity EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Salinity/Density > Salinity theme CoRIS Theme Thesaurus CONDUCTIVITY DEPTH - SENSOR DISSOLVED OXYGEN FLUORESCENCE HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE OXYGEN - PERCENT SATURATION SALINITY WATER TEMPERATURE turbidity theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS CTD fluorometer nephelometer oxygen meter theme NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS in situ physical theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS HI'IALAKAI theme NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS CORAL REEF STUDIES Coral Reef Conservation Program theme NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; Ecosystem Sciences Division theme NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Oahu (21N157W0003) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Lanai Island (20N156W0002) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Maui Island (20N156W0004) COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii > Hawaii (21N160W0000) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii Island > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Lanai Island > Lanai Island (20N156W0002) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Maui Island > Maui Island (20N156W0004) OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Oahu (21N157W0003) place CoRIS Place Thesaurus North Pacific Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS CRED CREP Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Coral Reef Ecosystem Program ESD Ecosystem Sciences Division PIFSC Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center theme MHI Main Hawaiian Islands place DOC/NOAA/NMFS/PIFSC > Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2017-04-24 publication 8.5 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ocean and Climate Change project InPort otherRestrictions Cite As: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, [Date of Access]: Oceanographic data, including conductivity, temperature, depth, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, and turbidity, collected during towed-diver surveys conducted from November 3-18, 2015 in the Main Hawaiian Islands to assess damage from the 2015 mass coral bleaching event [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/32586. NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose. otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None otherRestrictions Use Constraints: Please cite PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) when using the data. Suggested citation: Ecosystem Sciences Division; Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2019: Oceanographic data, including conductivity, temperature, depth, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, and turbidity, collected during towed-diver surveys conducted from November 3-18, 2015 in the Main Hawaiian Islands to assess damage from the 2015 mass coral bleaching event, https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/32586. otherRestrictions Distribution Liability: While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. unclassified Not applicable Not applicable Benthic Images from Towed-Diver Surveys in the Main Hawaiian Islands to Assess the Mass Coral Bleaching Event in November 2015 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 32587 crossReference Towed-Diver Observations in the Main Hawaiian Islands to Assess the Mass Coral Bleaching Event in November 2015 NOAA/NMFS/EDM 32588 crossReference NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA/NMFS/EDM 32586 https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nmfs/pifsc/dmp/pdf/32586.pdf WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP) NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort. information crossReference eng; US oceans Main Hawaiian Islands, including Hawaii, Maui, Lanai, and Oahu islands. -157.9472292246 -155.8293419903 19.7485369637 21.3030689284 Extent of underwater surveys in Main Hawaiian Islands in November 2015. Time frame of surveys conducted in Main Hawaiian Islands. | Currentness: Ground Condition 2015-11-03 2015-11-18 false eng false Data Table TDS_BLEACHING_OCEANOGRAPHIC 2019-05-30 publication CSV - Comma Separated Values (Text) NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0189254 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Bleaching2015_TOW_Oceanography.csv Oceanographic data from towed-diver surveys of benthic habitat by the PIFSC Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) conducted around the Main Hawaiian Islands (HA1602) in 2015. download dataset Representativeness Oceanographic measurements were averaged by each 5-min segment of the tow survey. Accuracy Standard deviation, in addition to each mean value, is provided for each metric. Completeness Report This survey effort specifically targeted areas of known high coral coverage to evaluate bleaching impact. Although efforts are made to include broad spatial coverage of surveys at each island, weather conditions prevented the team from surveying various exposed reef areas. Modified towed-diver survey methodology to collect benthic observations, images, and oceanographic data around the main Hawaiian Islands to be used to assess impacts from the 2015 mass coral bleaching event. A pair of scuba divers was towed about 1 m above the reef roughly 30 m behind a small boat at a constant speed of about 1.5 knots. Both divers collected visual observations of the benthos. Tow-boards were connected to the small boat by a bridle and towline. Each tow survey was typically 50 minutes long and covered about 2 km of habitat. Each survey was divided into 5-minute segments, with data recorded separately per segment to allow for geo-referencing of observations within the ~200 m covered during each segment. Throughout a survey, the latitude and longitude of the survey track was recorded at 5-second intervals on the small boat with a global positioning system (GPS). Following a survey, diver tracks were generated using this GPS data and a layback algorithm to account for position of the diver relative to the small boat. On one towboard, oceanographic data was collected continuously throughout each survey with a suite of mounted sensors recording conductivity, temperature, depth, fluorometry (chlorophyll-a), turbidity and dissolved oxygen. Sensors included a Seabird Electronics 19P CTD, and a Seabird Electronics SBE43 oxygen sensor and a Wet labs FLNTURTD fluorometer and scattering meter were connected to the 19P CTD. For each 5-minute tow segment, each diver made observation of the benthos, corals, and bleaching status (documented and archived separately). Oceanographic measurements were averaged by each 5-min segment of the tow survey to correspond with the benthic observations recorded by the divers. The other towboard was outfitted with a downward facing camera that captured photos of the benthos (also documented and archived separately). Oliver, Thomas (808)725-5444 thomas.oliver@noaa.gov processor Source Contribution: Draft report in progress as of May 30 2019. To be submitted for review August 2019. Research Report: Observing and Documenting Predicted 2015/2016 Mass Coral Bleaching Events in Hawaii Thomas Oliver, Noah Pomeroy originator otherRestrictions otherRestrictions Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: None towboard-benthic Benthic towboard SCUBA divers conduct towed-diver surveys to assess relatively large areas of reef habitat and to survey large-bodied reef fishes. This method involves towing two divers (one fish, one benthic) behind a small surface craft that is moving at a velocity of 1-2 mph. The benthic towboard is equipped with a digital camera that is pointing in the downward-looking direction, to record the benthos over which the diver and camera are moving. The benthic diver maneuvers the towboard on which the camera is mounted and records selected data pertaining to the habitat using datasheets mounted on the towboard. The towboard is also equipped with a SEABIRD sensor that records depth and water temperature every 5 seconds. A GPS unit on the surface tow vessel records the trackline over which the divers are being towed. NOAA Ship Hi‘ialakai NOAA Ship Hi‘ialakai is a multipurpose oceanographic research vessel whose primary missions include coral reef ecosystem mapping, coral reef health and fish stock studies, and maritime heritage surveys in the Pacific Islands Region. A T-AGOS class vessel, Hi‘ialakai was built in 1984 for the U.S. Navy and served as the U.S. Naval Vessel Vindicator. The ship was then transferred to the U.S. Coast Guard, and finally to NOAA in 2002, when it was converted to conduct coral reef research. The ship was commissioned in the NOAA fleet in 2004. The 224-ft. ship is renowned for its work since 2004 assessing the health of coral reefs throughout the Pacific Islands. Scuba diving operations play a major role in the ship’s mission, and Hi‘ialakai is equipped for both shallow- and deep-water dive projects. The ship carries three small workboats that transfer divers to the working grounds, a 15-person dive locker to store scientific gear and equipment, and an air compressor to fill tanks. As Hi‘ialakai frequently operates in remote areas, the ship also carries a three-person, double-lock decompression chamber. In the event of a diving accident, the diver can be treated onsite. The ship supports a scientific crew of ~22 and is equipped with wet and dry labs, a computer/electronics room, and a scientific freezer. Data collection systems include an acoustic current Doppler profiler, CTDs and water samples, a thermosalinograph, and two Kongsberg multibeam echosounders (EM300 and EM3002d). The ship supported multibeam mapping operations across the Pacific Island Regions primarily between 2004 and 2008. In addition to supporting NOAA projects, Hi‘ialakai works in partnership with the University of Hawaii, State of Hawaii, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The ship is homeported at the NOAA Marine Operations Center-Pacific Islands in Honolulu. towboard-benthic Benthic towboard SCUBA divers conduct towed-diver surveys to assess relatively large areas of reef habitat and to survey large-bodied reef fishes. This method involves towing two divers (one fish, one benthic) behind a small surface craft that is moving at a velocity of 1-2 mph. The benthic towboard is equipped with a digital camera that is pointing in the downward-looking direction, to record the benthos over which the diver and camera are moving. The benthic diver maneuvers the towboard on which the camera is mounted and records selected data pertaining to the habitat using datasheets mounted on the towboard. The towboard is also equipped with a SEABIRD sensor that records depth and water temperature every 5 seconds. A GPS unit on the surface tow vessel records the trackline over which the divers are being towed.