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        <gco:CharacterString>Methods used were adapted from a "cookbook" of instructions developed by Kyle Hogref
for using IKONOS imagery data to derive seafloor elevations in optically clear
water. This dataset was derived from high-resolution (2 m) imagery from DigitalGlobe's
WorldView-2 sensor of the Kaanapali area of Maui, Hawaii. Sensor bands 1,2
and 5 (coastal, blue and near IR respectively) were used to derive depth information.
The method assumes uniform water clarity but deviations from that condition
made extraction difficult in water greater than 30 m depth in the Kaanapali scene
used. Results show that biotic material or sediment in the water column skewed results
shallower if the material has a high albedo and deeper if the material has a low
albedo. Nearshore areas were significantly less impacted in the Kaanapali area,
due to the geomorphology of the area and the hi resolution and quality of the imagery,
allowing visual descrimination of apparent sediment in the water column.
For presentation purposes the map product shows an Inverse Distance Weighted interpolated
bathymetry surface, restricted to data within 600 m of the shoreline.</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>DG WorldView-2 data are used as the base imagery to derived pseudobathymetry of the
Kaanapali area of Maui. This area has both SHOALS and multi-beam acoustic derived
bathymetry coverage and will provide an example case of the strengths and
weaknesses of pseudobathymetry extraction from high resolution satellite imagery methods.</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Rooney, John JB</gco:CharacterString>
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                    <gco:CharacterString>1845 Wasp Blvd.</gco:CharacterString>
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                    <gco:CharacterString>Honolulu</gco:CharacterString>
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                    <gco:CharacterString>1845 Wasp Blvd.</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Mapping and EcoSpatial Information Products to Support Coral Reef Ecosystem Management in the Pacific Islands Region</gco:CharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>earth science &gt; oceans &gt; bathymetry/seafloor topography &gt; bathymetry</gco:CharacterString>
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          <gmd:nameOfMeasure>
            <gco:CharacterString>Accuracy</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:nameOfMeasure>
          <gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
            <gco:CharacterString>Data are collected for resource
management and research purposes and are examined for internal
consistency; however, no effort is made to compare these data to
external references or to other published data.</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
          <gmd:result gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmd:DQ_QuantitativeAttributeAccuracy>
      </gmd:report>
      <gmd:report>
        <gmd:DQ_CompletenessCommission>
          <gmd:nameOfMeasure>
            <gco:CharacterString>Completeness Report</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:nameOfMeasure>
          <gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
            <gco:CharacterString>Complete</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
          <gmd:result gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmd:DQ_CompletenessCommission>
      </gmd:report>
      <gmd:report>
        <gmd:DQ_ConceptualConsistency>
          <gmd:nameOfMeasure>
            <gco:CharacterString>Conceptual Consistency</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:nameOfMeasure>
          <gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
            <gco:CharacterString>These data are believed to be logically
consistent though no tests were performed</gco:CharacterString>
          </gmd:evaluationMethodDescription>
          <gmd:result gco:nilReason="missing" />
        </gmd:DQ_ConceptualConsistency>
      </gmd:report>
      <gmd:lineage>
        <gmd:LI_Lineage>
          <gmd:statement gco:nilReason="missing" />
          <gmd:processStep>
            <gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
              <gmd:description>
                <gco:CharacterString>Multiple tools in ENVI 4.8 were used to complete the following processing
steps: Data conversion from digital number to radiance, correction for
atmosphere and water surface reflection, linearization of spectral decay
as function of depth, masking of non-applicable values, and bathymetric
derivation using variables from multiple linear regression analysis. Multiple
tools in ArcGIS 10.0 were used for dataset integration and to extract values
for the multiple linear regression analysis and subsequent error analyses.
The statisitcs program Matlab was used for the multiple linear regression
analysis to provide original variables for depth derivation. The multivariate
slope intercept formula used to derive depth was D = a + (bi)(xi) + (bj)(xj)
Where: D = depth a = intercept b = slope x = the linearized spectral value
resulted in 7.8491 - 2.8696(b1) + 7.9593(b2) b1 is the output masked linearized
pictral value of each pixel of Coastal band b2 is the output masked linearized
pictral value of each pixel of Blue band More information on this integration
process is provided in the product error analysis, availble from PIBHMC upon
request. This mosaiced derived bathymetry product (JohDBall3) was then integrated
with the multibeam sonar data, with sonar data prioritized over derived data,
to create the final product (JohDB3MB). A detailed description of all processing
steps is available at: ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/webdocs/documentation/Cookbook_042108.pdf
An error analysis of each derived bathymetry grid used is available from PIBHMC upon request.
To produce the interpolated surface shown in the map, the floating point grid was
converted to a point shapefile in Arc GIS 9.3 using the 'float to raster' and 'raster
to point' tools in the Arc Toolbox. A buffer of 600m from the shoreline was created
and the derived bathymetry points were clipped to exclude data outside this buffer.
This distance was chosen to exclude areas of deeper water that were erroneously
returning shallow depth values, due to characteristics of the water column. An
Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation was run using 3D Analyst, to produce an
interpolated surface, with a grid cell size of 10 m, a variable search radius
with a maximum distance of 60 m, and using the coastline as a barrier. All other
settings used were default. The interpolated surface was clipped using the coastline
and a small number of isolated cells were manually deleted.</gco:CharacterString>
              </gmd:description>
              <gmd:dateTime>
                <gco:DateTime>2011-10-12T00:00:00</gco:DateTime>
              </gmd:dateTime>
            </gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
          </gmd:processStep>
        </gmd:LI_Lineage>
      </gmd:lineage>
    </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
  </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
  <gmd:metadataConstraints>
    <gmd:MD_LegalConstraints>
      <gmd:accessConstraints>
        <gmd:MD_RestrictionCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#gmd:MD_RestrictionCode" codeListValue="otherRestrictions">otherRestrictions</gmd:MD_RestrictionCode>
      </gmd:accessConstraints>
      <gmd:useConstraints>
        <gmd:MD_RestrictionCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#gmd:MD_RestrictionCode" codeListValue="otherRestrictions">otherRestrictions</gmd:MD_RestrictionCode>
      </gmd:useConstraints>
      <gmd:otherConstraints>
        <gco:CharacterString>Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: None</gco:CharacterString>
      </gmd:otherConstraints>
    </gmd:MD_LegalConstraints>
  </gmd:metadataConstraints>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>