gov.noaa.ncdc:C00935 eng; USA utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact 2026-08-26T18:15:25 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA Climate Data Record of Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) and Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU-A) Mean Layer Temperature, Version 3.0 Mean Layer Temperature - NOAA 2015-04-15 publication Version 3.0 doi:10.7289/V5QF8QTK NCEI DSI 3709_02 gov.noaa.ncdc:C00935 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC > National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce NOAA Climate Data Record Program Office +1 (828) 271-4800 +1 (828) 271-4328 151 Patton Avenue Veach-Baley Federal Building, Room 447 Asheville NC 28801-5001 USA cdr_program.ncdc@noaa.gov https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/ HTTPS Information NOAA Climate Data Record Program Information on the NOAA CDR Program and data. information 8:00 - 6:00 Eastern publisher Zou, Cheng-Zhi Center for Satellite Applications and Research Physical Scientist 301-683-3592 Cheng-Zhi.Zou@noaa.gov by email principalInvestigator Zou, Cheng-Zhi Center for Satellite Applications and Research Physical Scientist 301-683-3592 Cheng-Zhi.Zou@noaa.gov by email author Wang, Wenhui Center for Satellite Applications and Research Physical Scientist collaborator Wang, Wenhui Center for Satellite Applications and Research Physical Scientist author Li, Jian Center for Satellite Applications and Research Physical Scientist collaborator Li, Jian Center for Satellite Applications and Research Physical Scientist author NOAA CDR Program DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC > National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce collaborator NOAA CDR Program DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC > National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce author tableDigital The dataset contains three channel-based, monthly gridded atmospheric layer temperature Climate Data Records generated by merging nine MSU NOAA polar orbiting satellites, TIROS-N and NOAA-6 through NOAA-14, and six AMSU-A polar orbiting satellites, NOAA-15 through NOAA-18, MetOp-A, and NASA AQUA. These are temperatures of middle-troposphere (TMT), upper-troposphere (TUT, also known as temperature troposphere stratosphere), and lower-stratosphere (TLS), corresponding to measurements from MSU/AMSU-A channels 2/5, 3/7, and 4/9, respectively. Adjustments of observations included limb-adjustment, diurnal drift corrections, warm target temperature effect, and residual inter-satellite bias removal. Data coverage is from November 1978 to present; It is monthly global gridded dataset with 2.5 latitude by 2.5 longitude resolution. The dataset is updated each month with full Period of Record (POR) files in order to monitor operationally the change of upper air temperature. This dataset provides advanced scientific researchers a high quality Climate Data Record (CDR) of Upper Atmospheric Layer Temperatures. It is used for monitoring and investigation of long-term temperature trend and variability for the atmospheric layers as defined by TMT, TUT, and TLS. onGoing NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information Customer Engagement Branch 1-828-271-4800 1-828-271-4876 151 Patton Avenue Veach-Baley Federal Building, Room 468 Asheville NC 28801-5001 USA ncei.orders@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov HTTPS Web Browser NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) NCEI home page with information, data access and contact information. information 8:00 - 6:00 Eastern pointOfContact DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC > National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Climate Data Record Program Office +1 828-271-4328 zou_msu_contacts@noaa.gov resourceProvider monthly https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/images/C00935_MLT.PNG MLT Sample Image PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Atmospheric/Ocean Indicators > Temperature Indicators Earth Science > Spectral/Engineering > Microwave > Brightness Temperature theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) Program NOAA OneStop Project project Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Project Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher Satellite product Geographic Region > Global place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher MSU > Microwave Sounding Unit AMSU-A > Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher NOAA POES > NOAA Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites NOAA-6 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-6 NOAA-7 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-7 NOAA-8 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-8 NOAA-9 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-9 NOAA-10 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-10 NOAA-11 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-11 NOAA-12 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-12 NOAA-14 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-14 NOAA-15 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-15 NOAA-16 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-16 NOAA-17 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-17 NOAA-18 > National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration-18 METOP-A > Meteorological Operational Satellite - A Aqua > Earth Observing System, Aqua platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher 100 km - < 250 km or approximately 1 degree - < 2.5 degrees dataResolution Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Horizontal Data Resolution Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher > 1 km dataResolution Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Vertical Data Resolution Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher Monthly - < Annual dataResolution Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Temporal Data Resolution Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher 100 km - < 250 km or approximately 1 degree - < 2.5 degrees dataResolution Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Horizontal Data Resolution Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher > 1 km dataResolution Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Vertical Data Resolution Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher Monthly - < Annual dataResolution Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Temporal Data Resolution Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher 100 km - < 250 km or approximately 1 degree - < 2.5 degrees dataResolution Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Horizontal Data Resolution Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher > 1 km dataResolution Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Vertical Data Resolution Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher Monthly - < Annual dataResolution Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Temporal Data Resolution Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC > National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/STAR > Center for Satellite Applications and Research, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher See the Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document for a description of the use limitations for this dataset. The temperatures as defined by the datasets are mean layer temperatures which are not suitable for temperature trend determination at specific atmospheric levels. Satellite retrievals must be conducted to obtain level temperatures. otherRestrictions Cite as: Zou, Cheng-Zhi; Wang, Wenhui; Li, Jian; and NOAA CDR Program (2015). NOAA Climate Data Record of Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) and Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU-A) Mean Layer Temperature, Version 3.0. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. doi:10.7289/V5QF8QTK [access date]. otherRestrictions See the Use Agreement for this CDR available on the CDR page. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Data Stewardship Maturity Report for NOAA Climate Data Record of Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) and Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU-A) Mean Layer Temperature, Version 3.0 2022 publication NOAA Institutional Repository publisher https://doi.org/10.25923/gxm8-eg04 HTTPS Web Browser DSMR Publication at the NOAA Institutional Repository Report documenting the Scientific Data Stewardship Maturity for this dataset. information crossReference sciencePaper Data Stewardship Maturity Report for NOAA Climate Data Record of Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) and Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU-A) Mean Layer Temperature, Version 3.0 2021 publication NOAA Institutional Repository publisher https://doi.org/10.25923/gxm8-eg04 HTTPS Web Browser DSMR Publication at the NOAA Institutional Repository Report documenting the Scientific Data Stewardship Maturity for this dataset. information crossReference sciencePaper NOAA Climate Data Record of Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) Mean Atmospheric Layer Temperature 2014-06-11 publication V1.2 DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC > National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce publisher https://doi.org/10.7289/V5RB72J1 HTTPS Landing Page NCEI Landing Page for Version 1.2 dataset Superseded dataset landing page. This version of the data should not be used except in rare cases (e.g., when reproducing studies that used this earlier version). information crossReference collection Stability of the MSU-derived atmospheric temperature trend 2010-11-01 publication Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, Vol. 27 DOI: 10.1175/2009JTECHA1333.1 American Meteorological Society publisher https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JTECHA1333.1 HTTPS Web Browser Stability of the MSU-derived atmospheric temperature trend Paper describing some of the methods used to create the dataset. information crossReference sciencePaper Inter-satellite calibration of AMSU-A observations for weather and climate applications 2011-12-13 publication Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmosphere, Vol. 116 DOI: 10.1029/2011JD016205 American Geophysical Union publisher https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016205 HTTPS Web Browser Inter-satellite calibration of AMSU-A observations for weather and climate applications Paper describing inter-satellite calibration methods for AMSU-A level-1c data and approach for merging MSU and AMSU-A observations for CDR generation information crossReference sciencePaper Recalibration of microwave sounding unit for climate studies using simultaneous nadir overpasses 2006-10-14 publication Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmosphere, Vol. 111 DOI: 10.1029/2005JD006798 American Geophysical Union publisher https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006798 HTTPS Web Browser Recalibration of microwave sounding unit for climate studies using simultaneous nadir overpasses Earliest paper describing inter-satellite calibration methods using simultaneous nadir overpasses for MSU data information crossReference sciencePaper Error structure and atmospheric temperature trends in observations from the Microwave Sounding Unit 2009-04-01 publication 22 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JCLI2233.1 American Meteorological Society publisher https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JCLI2233.1 HTTPS Web Browser Error structure and atmospheric temperature trends in observations from the Microwave Sounding Unit Paper describing intercalibration research for the MSU sensors. information crossReference sciencePaper STAR Microwave Sounding Calibration and Trends 2017-03-13 publication Center for Satellite Applications and Research publisher https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/smcd/emb/mscat/index.php HTTPS Web Browser STAR Microwave Sounding Calibration and Trends Web Page More information about the dataset, hosted by NOAA STAR. information crossReference collection grid 110000 eng; USA climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere Computer hardware minimum configuration for data processing is as follows: Processor: 2.0GHz; Memory: 200 MB; Disk Space 200 GB; A system with multiple CPUs is preferred. Operating System can be Linux or Windows. Programming Languages: JAVA and Bash script; Compilers: Sun JAVA Compiler; External Library: NetCDF-JAVA 4.1, Jscience4.3; Storage Requirement : 200GB; Execution Time Requirement: Single CPU ~30 hours for 15 satellites - varies when using parallel computing 1 -180.0 180.0 -90.0 90.0 ground condition 1978-11 1 NESDIS-STAR_TCDR_MSU-AMSUA_V03R00_TLS_S[YYYYMM]_E[YYYYMM]_C[YYYYMMDD].nc physicalMeasurement latitude float (latitude) longitude float (longitude) latitude_bounds float latitude bounds (latitude) longitude_bounds float longitude bounds (longitude) time double (time) time_bounds double time bounds (time) tcdr_MSU_AMSUA_channel_TLS float NOAA Climate Data Record of MSU/AMSU-A monthly mean layer temperature of lower-stratosphere (brightness_temperature) NESDIS-STAR_TCDR_MSU-AMSUA_V03R00_TMT_S[YYYYMM]_E[YYYYMM]_C[YYYYMMDD].nc physicalMeasurement latitude float (latitude) longitude float (longitude) latitude_bounds float latitude bounds (latitude) longitude_bounds float longitude bounds (longitude) time double (time) time_bounds double time bounds (time) tcdr_MSU_AMSUA_channel_TMT float NOAA Climate Data Record of MSU/AMSU-A monthly mean layer temperature of mid-troposphere (brightness_temperature) NESDIS-STAR_TCDR_MSU-AMSUA_V03R00_TUT_S[YYYYMM]_E[YYYYMM]_C[YYYYMMDD].nc physicalMeasurement latitude float (latitude) longitude float (longitude) latitude_bounds float latitude bounds (latitude) longitude_bounds float longitude bounds (longitude) time double (time) time_bounds double time bounds (time) tcdr_MSU_AMSUA_channel_TUT float NOAA Climate Data Record of MSU/AMSU-A monthly mean layer temperature of upper-troposphere (brightness_temperature) NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. netCDF 4 The NetCDF data files comply with the Climate and Forecast (CF) Metadata Conventions and the NetCDF Attribute Convention for Dataset Discovery (ACDD). netCDF 4 The NetCDF data files comply with the Climate and Forecast (CF) Metadata Conventions and the NetCDF Attribute Convention for Dataset Discovery (ACDD). https://doi.org/10.7289/V5QF8QTK HTTPS Landing Page NCEI Dataset Landing Page Landing page for the dataset. information 100 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/mean-layer-temperature-noaa/access/ HTTPS Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download for dataset files. download 100 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/thredds/catalog/cdr/nesdis-msu-amsu/catalog.html HTTPS THREDDS NOAA MSU/AMSU Mean Layer Temperature THREDDS Service Use THREDDS to subset and download the files download https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdr/fundamental/mean-layer-temperature-noaa HTTPS Information Mean Layer Temperature - NOAA Data access for the CDR product information https://registry.opendata.aws/noaa-cdr-fundamental/ HTTPS Information Registry of Open Data on AWS Information on AWS data access. information Region: us-east-1 https://noaa-cdr-mean-layer-temp-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/index.html HTTPS Download AWS S3 Explorer (Region: us-east-1) Browse view to explore the S3 bucket. download Region: us-east https://microsoft.github.io/AIforEarthDataSets/data/noaa-cdr.html HTTPS Information Azure Landing Page (Region: us-east) Information on Microsoft Azure data access. information dataset The data were produced by the NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR), and are archived at the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). The MSU on board NOAA polar orbiting satellite series had been the primary instruments for measuring upper-air temperature profiles under all weather conditions, excluding precipitation, during 1978-2007. MSU was a microwave Dicke radiometer with four-channels to make passive measurements in the 5.5 millimeter oxygen region. The radiance measured by each frequency channel comes from a different layer of the atmosphere, depending on the strength of the absorption at that frequency. The percentage contribution of individual levels within the layer to the measured layer temperature is represented by a vertical weighting function, which is typically bell-shaped, peaking at a certain level in the height coordinate. Among these, MSU channel 1 (50.3 GHz) measured surface temperature, and channels 2, 3 and 4 measured temperatures of the middle-troposphere (TMT), upper-troposphere (TUT), and lower-stratosphere (TLS) with their weighting functions peaking respectively near 550, 250, and 100 hPa. Since 1998, AMSU-A onboard NOAA-15 and its follow-on satellites has replaced MSU. As a successor to the MSU instrument, AMSU-A has improved instrument accuracy, and with its 15 channels provides finer vertical resolution and measurements well into the upper stratosphere. Among all discrete frequency channels, channels 5, 7, and 9 share a similar spectrum frequency with MSU channel 2, 3, and 4, respectively. By merging MSU and AMSU-A observations from different satellites, long-term temperature time series are obtained for these layers for climate trend monitoring and investigation. Due to stability, continuity, global coverage, and insensitive to clouds, these time series are broadly used as an indicator of global warming. The following steps and algorithms are needed to derive the atmospheric layer temperature TCDR: 1....Extracting IMICA-calibrated, limb-adjusted MSU swath brightness temperatures on scan positions for channels 2, 3 and 4 from the IMICA calibrated MSU orbital Level-1c datasets. 2....Extracting IMICA-calibrated (without limb adjustment) AMSU-A swath brightness temperatures on scan positions for channels 5, 7 and 9 from the IMICA calibrated AMSU-A orbital Level-1c datasets. 3....Adjusting AMSU-A radiances of off-nadir incident angles to be close to those of the nadir directions. 4....Adjusting AMSU-A brightness temperatures due to frequency differences at each scan positions to match MSU observations for their equivalent channels. 5....Adjusting the MSU channel 2 and AMSU-A channel 5 brightness temperatures for diurnal drift effect at each scan position. 6....Binning limb-, frequency-, and diurnal-adjusted brightness temperatures at scan positions into grid cells of 2.5ox2.5o spatial resolution in monthly interval for each satellite and then averaging the binned data at each grid cell to produce Level-3 layer temperature data for each satellite. 7....Removing residual inter-satellite biases including instrument temperature effect using satellite overlap observations of the Level-3 data. 8....Bias-removed, multiple satellite Level-3 temperature data are then averaged to generate a 36-year long, merged and homogeneous layer temperature TCDR from 1978 to present. The final product is saved as NetCDF format. The main purpose of the merging algorithm or processing steps is to derive homogeneous temperature CDR from the sequential overlapping MSU and AMSU-A observations onboard NOAA, NASA, and MetOp polar orbiting satellites channel by channel. Deriving such time series requires a number of steps: Inter-calibrating the satellite sensors; Removing instrument temperature effects on observations; ;Adjusting the observations to a common reference time (usually chosen as local noon time) to minimize diurnal effect related to satellite orbital drifts; Adjusting observations made at different viewing angles to nadir views (limb effect); Adjusting channel frequency differences between MSU and AMSU-A equivalent channels; Removing residual inter-satellite biases and their drifts. ...The Level-1c radiances data used for deriving the layer temperature TCDR were already inter-calibrated by the Integrated Microwave Inter-Calibration Approach (IMICA, formerly known as simultaneous nadir overpass approach; Zou and Wang 2013). In addition, limb-adjusted brightness temperatures are also provided in the IMICA calibrated Level-1c files. As such, only adjustments other than sensor inter-calibrations and limb-adjustments were needed for satellite merging. The IMICA calibrated MSU/AMSU-A radiances and limb adjustments were described in details in the C-ATBD associated with the MSU/AMSU-A Level-1c radiance dataset (Zou and Wang 2013). This has substantially simplified the processing procedure for developing MSU/AMSU-A layer temperature TCDR. In the MSU/AMSU-A Version 3.0 mean layer temperature TCDR, updated limb-adjustment for AMSU-A observations were developed and used, which was described in the C-ATBD associated with the Version 3.0 dataset. NOAA/NESDIS/Center for Satellite Applications and Research processor Version 3.0 Mean Layer Temperature - NOAA Source Code Package National Centers for Environmental Information distributor https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/sds/cdr/CDRs/Mean%20Layer%20Temperatures%20-%20NOAA/SourceCode_01B-25.tar.gz HTTPS Web Browser CDR Source Code This source code is for reference only. The source code is provided to maintain transparency of the algorithm and processes used in creating the Climate Data Record (CDR). The source code is not intended to be portable to any computer system(s) beyond that of the original CDR producer's environment. information High Level Flowchart for MSU/AMSU TCDR Algorithm 2015-04-06 publication Rev 1 CDRP-DIA-0683 National Centers for Environmental Information publisher https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/sds/cdr/CDRs/Mean%20Layer%20Temperatures%20-%20NOAA/DataFlowDiagram_01B-25.pdf HTTPS Web Browser CDR Data Flow Diagram Flowcharts for the CDR product. information This dataset contains Level 1c inter-calibrated brightness temperatures from the Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) sensors onboard nine polar orbiting satellites. NOAA Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) of MSU Level 1c Brightness Temperature 2013-08-01 publication Version 1.0 National Centers for Environmental Information distributor https://doi.org/10.7289/V51Z429F HTTPS Landing Page NCEI Landing Page for MSU Brightness Temperature - NOAA Source dataset landing page with general information and access links for that dataset. information 1 -180 180 -90 90 1978-11 2006-09 This dataset contains Level 1c inter-calibrated brightness temperatures from the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) sensors onboard six NOAA, NASA, and MetOp polar orbiting satellites. NOAA Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) of AMSU-A Level 1c Brightness Temperature 2013-08-01 publication Version 1.0 National Centers for Environmental Information distributor https://doi.org/10.7289/V5X63JT2 HTTPS Landing Page NCEI Landing Page for AMSU Brightness Temperature - NOAA Source dataset landing page with general information and access links for that dataset. information 1 -180 180 -90 90 1998-10-26 repository NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015. 2015-04-22T00:00:00 dataset Data Stewardship Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment MM-Stew The Data Stewardship Maturity Matrix (DSMM) is a unified framework that defines criteria for each of nine components based on measurable practices, which can be used to apply a progressive, 6-level rating to an individual dataset, representing stewardship maturity stages rated as Not Assessed or Not Available (Level 0), adHoc (Level 1), minimum (Level 2), intermediate (Level 3), advanced (Level 4), and optimal (Level 5). Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment was evaluated by the metadata content editor for the NOAA OneStop project using the Scientific Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment Model Template v4.0. The Scientific Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment Model Template 2016-09-27 publication NCDC-CICS-SMM_0001_Rev.1 v4.0 09/27/2016 doi:10.10.6084/m9.figshare.1211954 Peng, Ge CICS-NC/NCEI author https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1211954 HTTPS Web Browser The Scientific Data Stewardship Maturity Assessment Model Template Landing page for quality evaluation procedure. information 2016-09-27T00:00:00 intermediate minimal minimal advanced intermediate advanced intermediate advanced advanced asNeeded Bulk metadata change applied on 2023-07-06. See version control repository history for metadata change details.