gov.noaa.nodc:0244004 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2025-05-16T15:47:59Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Sea water temperature, salinity, and others collected by gliders SG643 and SG640 in the South Atlantic and Southern Oceans from 2018-12-14 to 2020-02-17 (NCEI Accession 0244004) 2021-12-15 publication 2021-12-09 creation NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0244004 NCEI Archive Management System 0244004 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Isabelle Giddy University of Gothenburg (GU) isabelle.giddy@gu.se http://www.gu.se HTTP University of Gothenburg (GU) website Institution web page information resourceProvider University of Gothenburg (GU) http://www.gu.se HTTP University of Gothenburg (GU) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Isabelle Giddy University of Gothenburg (GU) isabelle.giddy@gu.se http://www.gu.se HTTP University of Gothenburg (GU) website Institution web page information pointOfContact Sebastiaan Swart University of Gothenburg (GU) sebastiaan.swart@gu.se http://www.gu.se HTTP University of Gothenburg (GU) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Andrew Thompson California Institute of Technology andrewt@caltech.edu http://www.caltech.edu/ HTTP California Institute of Technology website Institution web page information collaborator Swart, Sebastiaan University of Gothenburg http://www.gu.se HTTP University of Gothenburg (GU) website Institution web page information author Giddy, Isabelle S. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research author Biddle, Louise author du Plessis, Marcel University of Gothenburg http://www.gu.se HTTP University of Gothenburg (GU) website Institution web page information author Nicholson, Sarah-Anne author Thompson, Andrew F. California Institute of Technology http://www.caltech.edu/ HTTP California Institute of Technology website Institution web page information author University of Gothenburg (GU) http://www.gu.se HTTP University of Gothenburg (GU) website Institution web page information contributor California Institute of Technology http://www.caltech.edu/ HTTP California Institute of Technology website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset is a hydrographic survey collected by sensors mounted on gliders in the Weddell Sea sector of the Antarctic Marginal Ice Zone, as part of the Robotic Observations and Modeling of the Marginal Ice Zone (ROAMMIZ) project. The gliders, SG643 (Caltech) and SG640 (Gothenburg University), were deployed from the research vessel SA AGULHAS II in the austral summer of 2018 and spring of 2019, respectively. Each of the profiles provide temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, optical backscatter (at 470 and 700 nm) and Depth Averaged Currents. The deployment in 2018 also includes PAR. Data were measured to a depth of 1000 m except for fluorescence and backscatter which recorded to a depth of 400 m. Horizontal resolution ranges from 300 m to 5000 m as a result of the V-shaped sampling pattern characteristic of gliders. The concatenated files provide processed and calibrated temperature, salinity, chlorophyll and backscatter data using near-by CTD casts on deployment and recovery of the gliders. The individual profiles have been processed on the Kongsberg basestation and the thermal lag correction of Charlie Erickson (unpublished) applied, but the data is otherwise not post-calibrated. The raw data of SG643 is also provided in case the user would like to re-process the data. Otherwise, the data are in NetCDF. Data were collected with support from ROAMMIZ Project; Terrestrial Hazard Observations and Reporting (THOR) Center and Linde Center at Caltech; Packard Foundation. These data were collected as part of an ongoing research project (ROAMMIZ) to understand upper ocean processes in the Antarctic Marginal Ice Zone. Funding Agency: Wallenberg Academy Fellowship Funding Agency: Swedish Research Council completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0244004 Preview graphic PNG 0244004 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2021-12-02 publication CHLOROPHYLL - RELATIVE FLUORESCENCE CONDUCTIVITY DISSOLVED OXYGEN FLUORESCENCE OPTICAL BACKSCATTER PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVE RADIATION (PAR) SALINITY WATER DENSITY WATER TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS CTD PAR Sensor instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical in situ physical theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS S.A. AGULHAS II SG640 SG643 platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS California Institute of Technology University of Gothenburg dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS University of Gothenburg dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS South Atlantic Ocean Southern Ocean Weddell Sea place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication GU > University of Gothenburg, Sweden dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Robotic Observations And Modelling in the Marginal Ice Zone (ROAM-MIZ) project Provider Projects EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CHLOROPHYLL EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN OPTICS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN OPTICS > FLUORESCENCE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN OPTICS > PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > CONDUCTIVITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > DENSITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Depth Averaged Currents theme Provider Variable Names CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth PAR SENSORS > Photosynthetically Active Radiation Sensors instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Aandera Optode CT-Sail mounted on a Seaglider Sea-Bird CT-Sail mounted on a Seaglider Sea-Bird Eco Puck mounted on a Seaglider instrument Provider Instruments SEAGLIDER Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian S. A. Agulhas II (call sign: ZSNO, ICES code: 91AH, 2009-) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN > WEDDELL SEA place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian JWEDJ7 Send2NCEI Submission Package ID accessLevel: Public otherRestrictions Cite as: Swart, Sebastiaan; Giddy, Isabelle S.; Biddle, Louise; du Plessis, Marcel; Nicholson, Sarah-Anne; Thompson, Andrew F. (2021). Sea water temperature, salinity, and others collected by gliders SG643 and SG640 in the South Atlantic and Southern Oceans from 2018-12-14 to 2020-02-17 (NCEI Accession 0244004). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0244004. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Swart, S., du Plessis, M. D., Thompson, A. F., Biddle, L. C., Giddy, I., Linders, T., Mohrmann, M., & Nicholson, S. (2020). Submesoscale Fronts in the Antarctic Marginal Ice Zone and Their Response to Wind Forcing. Geophysical Research Letters, 47(6). https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl086649 2020-03-17 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl086649 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl086649 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl086649 Related journal article information Swart, Sebastiaan Department of Marine Sciences University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden author du Plessis, Marcel D. Department of Oceanography University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa author Thompson, Andrew F. Environmental Science and Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA author Biddle, Louise C. Department of Marine Sciences University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden author Giddy, Isabelle Department of Marine Sciences University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden author Linders, Torsten Department of Marine Sciences University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden author Mohrmann, Martin Department of Marine Sciences University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden author Nicholson, Sarah‐Anne Southern Ocean Carbon‐Climate Observatory (SOCCO), CSIR Cape Town South Africa author American Geophysical Union (AGU) publisher documentDigital Geophysical Research Letters 47(6) ISSN 0094-8276, ISSN 1944-8007 crossReference sciencePaper Giddy, I., Swart, S., du Plessis, M., Thompson, A. F., & Nicholson, S. ‐A. (2021). Stirring of Sea‐Ice Meltwater Enhances Submesoscale Fronts in the Southern Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 126(4). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jc016814 2021-03-26 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jc016814 https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jc016814 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jc016814 Related journal article information Giddy, I. Department of Oceanography University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa author Swart, S. Department of Oceanography University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa author du Plessis, M. Department of Marine Sciences University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden author Thompson, A. F. Environmental Science and Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA author Nicholson, S.‐A. Southern Ocean Carbon‐Climate Observatory CSIR Cape Town South Africa author American Geophysical Union (AGU) publisher documentDigital JGR Oceans 126(4) ISSN 2169-9275, ISSN 2169-9291 crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA utf8 environment oceans -1 1 -61 -55 2018-12-14 2020-02-17 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 3019.608 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0244004 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/244004 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/244004 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0191/0244004/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0244004 v1.1 was published. 2021-12-15T00:31:10Z NCEI Accession 0244004 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0244004/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0244004 v1.1 published 2021-12-15T00:31:10Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: Sea water temperature (measured); Units: Degrees Celcius; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Sea-Bird CT-Sail mounted on a Seaglider Parameter or Variable: Sea water salinity (measured); Units: g/kg; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Sea-Bird CT-Sail mounted on a Seaglider; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Salinity computed from temperature, pressure and conductivity and corrected for thermal lag using the correction by Charlie Erickson (unpublished). Parameter or Variable: CHLOROPHYLL A (calculated); Units: g/m3; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Sea-Bird Eco Puck mounted on a Seaglider; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Fluorescence converted to chlorophyll-a using the factory scale constant and then calibrated to shipboard bottle samples, after which the data was quenching-corrected Parameter or Variable: OPTICAL BACKSCATTER (measured); Units: 1/m; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Sea-Bird Eco Puck mounted on a Seaglider; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Raw backscattering was converted to volume scattering at angle (124 degrees) and wavelength (470, 700 nm) specific to the sensors. The volume-scattering function of seawater was calculated according to Zhang, Hu, and He (2009) and subtracted from the profiles to yield scattering due to particles only. The result was multiplied by 2 and the angle dependent scale factor, 1.076 for the FLNTU scattering sensors and,  finally added to the backscattering co-efficient of seawater to yield the particulate backscattering coefficients bbp470 and bbp700. The data was dark corrected by subtracting the 95th percentile of backscatter between 200 and 400 m. Parameter or Variable: WATER DENSITY (calculated); Units: kg/m3; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: CT-Sail mounted on a Seaglider; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Sea water density was derived from temperature and salinity using Gibbs Sea Water Toolbox Parameter or Variable: FLUORESCENCE (measured); Units: RFU; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Sea-Bird Eco Puck mounted on a Seaglider Parameter or Variable: Depth Averaged Currents (measured); Units: m/s; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Seaglider Parameter or Variable: PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVE RADIATION (PAR) (measured); Units: micro-Einsteins/m2/s; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: PAR Sensor; Sampling and Analyzing Method: PAR (microV) was scaled to  microEinsteins/m2/s and corrected for the factory dark count. The top 5 m of PAR measurements were deemed unreliable and removed, following which the profile was algebraically recalculated using an exponential equation to derive surface PAR values. Parameter or Variable: DISSOLVED OXYGEN (measured); Units: mg/L; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Aandera Optode; Data Quality Method: These data have not been QC'd asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian CTD CTD Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe PAR Sensor PAR Sensor Photosynthetically Active Radiation Sensor The PAR sensor measures global solar radiation from 400 to 700 nm, which approximates the spectral band active in photosynthesis. The response of the instrument falls sharply to zero on either side of this band, and between 400 and 670 nm it increases monotonically from about 50% to 100%. There is no protective glass dome over the receiving surface. Irradiance from the sun passes through a small white visible bandpass filter/diffuser in the shape of a horizontal disk at the top of the instrument. Within the instrument radiation is directed through a series of colored glass filters and onto a silicon photodiode detector. The factory-supplied calibration converts the signal from the detector to a flux of photons in micro-mole (of photons) s-1 m-2. (One micro-mole equals 6.022 E17 photons.) For the solar spectrum, these units may be converted to watts per square meter by dividing by 4.6. (http://www.srrb.noaa.gov/instrument/par.htm) S.A. AGULHAS II Updated information from ICES for the vessel S. A. Agulhas II from SOUTH AFRICA. T Name : S. A. Agulhas II Flag : SOUTH AFRICA - ZA (ISO Country Code) Call Sign : ZSNO Platform Class : 31 Research vessel IMO : 9577135 Commissioned Date : 2009-11-17 Current Length : 134.2 Built : 2012-04-03 Notes : Icebreaker owned by the South African Government and used as a research vessel and polar research base supply ship. Additional Information Sources: - http://www.sanap.ac.za/sanap_agulhas2.html - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S._A._Agulhas_II - http://www.marinetraffic.com/ais/details/ships/601986000 Confirmed by NOAA on 2014-02-03. SG640 Platform Class : 27 sub-surface gliders (buoyancy-based propulsion capable at variable depths not constrained to be near sea surface) Built : 2017 Notes : Underwater Seaglider, nickname Semla, operated by University of Gothenburg. Glider SG640 was active as of 2020. Information is provided by data submitter. SG643 Platform Class : 27 sub-surface gliders (buoyancy-based propulsion capable at variable depths not constrained to be near sea surface) Built : 2018 Notes : Underwater Seaglider operated by California Institute of Technology (Caltech). Glider SG643 was active as of 2019.