gov.noaa.nodc:0209049 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-05-06T13:07:12Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Surface underway measurements partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in the water and atmosphere, sea surface salinity, sea surface temperature, oxygen and other parameters during the Alaska Marine Highway System M/V Columbia 135 service route transits along British Columbia coast, southeast Alaska coast, Gulf of Alaska and North Pacific Ocean from 2017-10-26 to 2019-10-04 (NCEI Accession 0209049) 2020-02-13 publication 2020-04-04 revision 2020-02-07 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/jq11-2268 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0209049 NCEI Archive Management System 0209049 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Wiley Evans Hakai Institute wiley.evans@hakai.org https://hakai.org/ HTTPS Hakai Institute website Institution web page information resourceProvider Hakai Institute https://hakai.org/ HTTPS Hakai Institute website Institution web page information resourceProvider Wiley Evans Hakai Institute wiley.evans@hakai.org https://hakai.org/ HTTPS Hakai Institute website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Geoffrey T. Lebon University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Christen D. Harrington Alaska Department of Transportation principalInvestigator Allison Bidlack University of Alaska - Southeast http://www.uas.alaska.edu/ HTTP University of Alaska - Southeast website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Evans, Wiley Hakai Institute https://hakai.org/ HTTPS Hakai Institute website Institution web page information author Lebon, Geoffrey T. University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) website Institution web page information author Harrington, Christen D. Alaska Department of Transportation author Bidlack, Allison University of Alaska - Southeast http://www.uas.alaska.edu/ HTTP University of Alaska - Southeast website Institution web page information author Hakai Institute https://hakai.org/ HTTPS Hakai Institute website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset includes continuous sea surface underway measurements of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in the water and atmosphere, sea surface salinity, sea surface temperature, oxygen and and barometric pressure during the Alaska Marine Highway System M/V Columbia 135 service route transits along British Columbia coast, southeast Alaska coast, Gulf of Alaska and North Pacific Ocean from 2017-10-26 to 2019-10-04. The service route of the Columbia included the ports of Sitka, Juneau, Haines, Skagway, Wrangell, Petersburg, and Ketchikan in southeast Alaska, and between Ketchikan and Bellingham, WA. The vessel sailed south from Ketchikan every Wednesday, arrived in Bellingham on Friday, returned to Ketchikan on Sunday, and transited between southeast Alaska terminals between Sunday and Wednesday. Measurements of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen content, and CO2 partial pressure were made every 2 mins on seawater drawn into the vessel from a ~2 m intake. Seawater was delivered from the intake to analytical equipment on the car deck using a AMT 1/2 HP pump (4295-98). Temperature and salinity data were collected using a Sea-Bird SBE 45 MicroTSG Thermosalinograph, and intake temperature measured using a SBE 38 Digital Oceanographic Thermometer. Dissolved oxygen content was determined using an Aanderaa 4330F that had undergone multipoint calibration at the factory in Norway. CO2 measurements were made using a General Oceanics 8050 (GO8050) pCO2 Measuring System equipped with a LI-COR LI840A non-dispersive infrared detector. All data streams, including GPS information from an antenna and atmospheric pressure from a Druck barometer positioned on the foredeck, were captured by the GO8050 control computer. Atmospheric CO2 measurements were also made using the GO8050 on unaltered marine air drawn to the system through an intake located on the foredeck. The CO2 measurement scheme involved the analysis of four gas standards of known CO2 content (150 ppm, 349 ppm, 449 ppm, and 850 ppm; Praxair Distributions Inc), 12 analyses atmospheric CO2, and 240 seawater CO2 measurements in a 8.5 hour period. The atmospheric and seawater CO2 analyses were run in a sequence of 3 atmospheric measurements and 60 seawater measurements that was repeated 4 times between standardization. This project was supported by the Tula Foundation and Alaska Ocean Observing System, and was a collaborative effort between the Hakai Institute, University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean/NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, State of Alaska Department of Transportation, University of Alaska Southeast Alaska Coastal Rainforest Center, and the Alaska Ocean Observing System. This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis. Funding Information: Hakai Institute completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded NCEI Accession 0209049 was revised and a new version of the archival package was published. Updates to existing archival packages may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. The latest version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. Please see journal.txt in the /about directory for additional details on changes made. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0209049 Preview graphic PNG 0209049 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2020-02-06 publication BAROMETRIC PRESSURE DISSOLVED OXYGEN Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water SALINITY - SURFACE WATER SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE xCO2 atmosphere xCO2 seawater theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS barometric pressure sensor carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer oxygen sensor salinometer showerhead equilibrator temperature sensor instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical meteorological physical surface underway theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS COLUMBIA platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS Hakai Institute dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Hakai Institute dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Ship of Opportunity Programme (SOOP) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Coastal Waters of Southeast Alaska and British Columbia Gulf of Alaska North Pacific Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication 32C320171025 project EXPOCODE Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords SOOP project Reference Section ID EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE > PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS > SURFACE SALINITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Surface underway theme OCADS Study Type O2 SST SW pCO2 wet SST Salinity theme Provider Variable Abbreviations BAROMETERS > BAROMETERS CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS EQUILIBRATORS OXYGEN METERS > OXYGEN METERS SALINOMETERS TEMPERATURE SENSORS > TEMPERATURE SENSORS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian COLUMBIA (ICES code: 32C3) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN > GULF OF ALASKA place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian British Columbia coast Gulf of Alaska North Pacific Ocean southeast Alaska coast place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: Public otherRestrictions Cite as: Evans, Wiley; Lebon, Geoffrey T.; Harrington, Christen D.; Bidlack, Allison (2020). Surface underway measurements partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in the water and atmosphere, sea surface salinity, sea surface temperature, oxygen and other parameters during the Alaska Marine Highway System M/V Columbia 135 service route transits along British Columbia coast, southeast Alaska coast, Gulf of Alaska and North Pacific Ocean from 2017-10-26 to 2019-10-04 (NCEI Accession 0209049). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/jq11-2268. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program eng; USA utf8 environment oceans climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere -135.7 -122.4 48.6 59.5 2017-10-26 2019-10-04 In this accession, NCEI has archived multiple versions of these data. The latest (and best) version of these data has the largest version number. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 123.684 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0209049.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.25921/jq11-2268 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/209049 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/209049 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0152/0209049/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0209049 v1.1 was published. 2020-02-13T22:15:30Z NCEI Accession 0209049 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0209049/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0209049 v1.1 published 2020-02-13T22:15:30Z download NCEI Accession 0209049 was revised and v2.2 was published. Updates were received for this dataset. These updates were copied into the data/0-data/ directory of this accession. These updates may provide additional files or replace obsolete files. This version contains the most complete and up-to-date representation of this archival information package. All of the files received prior to this update are available in the preceding version of this accession. 2020-04-04T00:43:56Z NCEI Accession 0209049 v2.2 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0209049/2.2 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0209049 v2.2 published 2020-04-04T00:43:56Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: pCO2 (fCO2) autonomous; Abbreviation: SW pCO2 wet SST; Unit: µatm; Observation type: Measurements from continuously flowing seawater stream; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: Calculated from measured CO2 mole fractions (xCO2) and ambient atmospheric pressure; Sampling instrument: Shower-head equilibrator; Location of seawater intake: Seawater drawn from 1-m depth approximately 50 m from shore; Analyzing instrument: General Oceanics 8050 pCO2 Measuring System with LI-COR LI-840A; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Seawater pCO2 data were obtained from corrected measurements of CO2 mixing ratio (xCO2) made using a General Oceanics 8050 (GO8050) pCO2 Measuring System and following recommended protocols by Pierrot et al. (2009). Surface (~2 m) seawater was delivered at ~3 l/min to a showerhead equilibrator in the GO8050 by a ½ HP pump located proximal to the seawater intake in the bow thruster room of the M/V Columbia. Seawater sample air from the equilibrator was supplied to a non-dispersive infrared gas analyzer (LI-COR LI840A CO2/H2O) housed within the system’s dry box. Carrier gas is then recirculated through the system, minimizing the need for make-up air supplied by a secondary equilibrator. Seawater sample air, four standard gases of known mixing ratio (nominally 150, 349, 449, and 850 ppm; Praxair), and unaltered marine air were all plumbed to provide gas flow to the GO8050 dry box. The GO8050 is controlled using National Instruments LabVIEW software run on a PC laptop computer. The software controls data acquisition from a SBE 45 MicroTSG Thermosalinograph coupled with the GO8050, a SBE 38 Digital Oceanographic Thermometer located at the seawater intake, an Aanderaa 4330F coupled with the GO8050, primary equilibrator temperature and pressure sensors, a Druck barometer and GPS antenna located on the vessel foredeck, and the LI840A; while also controlling a Valco Instruments Co. Inc. (VICI) multi-port actuator that cycles between the gas streams plumbed to the dry box. Analytical gas streams were dried prior to analysis using a condenser and Permapure Nafion tubes. The CO2 measurement scheme controlled by the software involved the analysis of the four gas standards of known CO2 content, 12 analyses atmospheric CO2, and 240 seawater CO2 measurements in a cycle that was repeated every 8.5 hours (with a ~2 min measurement frequency). The seawater and atmospheric CO2 analyses were run in a sequence of 3 atmospheric measurements and 60 seawater measurements that was repeated 4 times between standardization. Analyses of each gas standard were interpolated over the time record of the dataset, and used to create calibration functions needed to correct the raw LI840A xCO2 data. Calibrated seawater xCO2 data in dry air were quality controlled, and then converted to CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) in wet air at the equilibrator temperature by using atmospheric pressure measured by the LI840A plus the differential pressure recorded in the equilibrator corrected for the removal of water vapor and vessel pressurization, the latter determined by the differential between the Druck barometric pressure on the vessel foredeck and atmospheric pressure from the LI840A. Finally, seawater pCO2 in wet air was adjusted to sea surface temperature using the offset between SBE 45 Micro-Thermosalinograph temperature recorded at the GO8050 and intake temperature from the SBE 38 Digital Oceanographic Thermometer located at the seawater intake.; Standardization technique: xCO2 calibration functions developed during periodic sequential analysis of gas standards of known concentration (nominally 150, 349, 449, and 850 ppm; Praxair); Standardization frequency: Every 8.5 hours; Standard gas manufacturer: Praxair, Inc.; Standard gas uncertainty: 2 ppm for calibrated xCO2; 2 µatm for pCO2; Uncertainty: 2 µatm; Quality flag convention: no quality flag applied; Method reference: Pierrot, D., Neill, C., Sullivan, K., Castle, R., Wanninkhof, R., Lüger, H., Johannessen, T., Olsen, A., Feely, R. A., & Cosca, C. E. (2009). Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 56(8-10), 512-522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005; Researcher name: Wiley Evans; Researcher institution: Hakai Institute Parameter or Variable: Sea surface temperature; Abbreviation: SST; Unit: °C, ITS-90 scale; Observation type: Measurements from continuously flowing seawater stream; Analyzing instrument: SBE 38 Digital Oceanographic Thermometer; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Data captured using National Instruments LabVIEW software on the GO8050 PC laptop control computer; Uncertainty: 0.002°C; Researcher name: Wiley Evans; Researcher institution: Hakai Institute Parameter or Variable: Sea surface salinity; Abbreviation: Salinity; Unit: 1978 Practical Salinity Scale; Observation type: measurements from continuously flowing seawater stream; Sampling instrument: Calculated from conductivity and temperature measurements; Analyzing instrument: SBE 45 MicroTSG Thermosalinograph; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Data captured using National Instruments LabVIEW software on the GO8050 PC laptop control computer; Uncertainty: 0.003 S/m; Researcher name: Wiley Evans; Researcher institution: Hakai Institute Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Oxygen; Abbreviation: O2; Unit: µmol/kg; Observation type: measurements from continuously flowing seawater stream; Analyzing instrument: Aanderaa 4330F Oxygen Optode; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Data were captured using National Instruments LabVIEW software on the GO8050 PC laptop control computer. Raw dissolved oxygen measurements were salinity corrected followed Bittig et al. (2018) and manufacturer recommendations. Salinity corrected data were then converted to µmol/kg units using temperature and salinity recorded from the Sea-Bird SBE 45 MicroTSG Thermosalinograph.; Replicate information: Multi-point calibration by Aanderaa; Uncertainty: 5 %; Method reference: Bittig, H.C., Körtzinger, A., Neill, C., van Ooijen, E., Plant, J.N., Hahn, J., Johnson, K.S., Yang, B., and Emerson, S.R. 2018. Oxygen Optode Sensors: Principle, Characterization, Calibration, and Application in the Ocean. Frontiers in Marine Science 4(429): https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00429; García, H.E., and Gordon, L.I. 1992. Oxygen solubility in seawater: Better fitting equations. Limnology and Oceanography 37(6): 1301-1312.; Researcher name: Wiley Evans; Researcher institution: Hakai Institute asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian barometric pressure sensor barometric pressure sensor instrument used to measure the atmospheric pressure. carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. oxygen sensor oxygen sensor Any instrument that measures oxygen content in a compound. salinometer salinometer generic salinometer use salinometer when the instrument type used is unclear but the data include salinity measurements showerhead equilibrator showerhead equilibrator extracts dissolved CO2 from water A carbon dioxide equilibrator is usually in the shape of a vertical tube, with a showerhead on the top, some headspace, a lot of beads to increase the surface exchange area between water and air, a water seal device at the bottom to allow water to overflow, but prevents air exchange between inside and outside. Carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer (insttypes_id 183) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. temperature sensor temperature sensor A sensor used to measure temperature. COLUMBIA COLUMBIA