gov.noaa.nodc:0200367 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-03-26T07:24:21Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Partial pressure and fugacity of carbon dioxide (pCO2/fCO2), temperature, salinity and other variables collected from surface underway observations using shower head equilibrator, carbon dioxide gas detector and other instruments during R/V Melville cruises MV1305 (EXPOCODE 318M20130321) and MV1306 (EXPOCODE 318M20130508) along the Global Ocean Ship-Based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP) Section P02 in the North Pacific Ocean from 2013-03-21 to 2013-06-01 (NCEI Accession 0200367) 2019-08-23 publication 2019-08-23 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.25921/w1t4-g438 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0200367 NCEI Archive Management System 0200367 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Catherine E. Cosca NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) Cathy.Cosca@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information resourceProvider NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Simone R. Alin NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) simone.r.alin@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Catherine Cosca NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) Cathy.Cosca@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Richard Feely NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) Richard.A.Feely@noaa.gov https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Geoffrey T. Lebon University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) website Institution web page information collaborator Cosca, Catherine E. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Alin, Simone R. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Feely, Richard A. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information author Lebon, Geoffrey T. University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) https://cicoes.uw.edu/ HTTPS University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) website Institution web page information author NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset contains underway measurements of partial pressure and fugacity of carbon dioxide (pCO2/fCO2), sea surface salinity, sea surface temperature, and other parameters collected during R/V Melville cruises MV1305 (EXPOCODE 318M20130321) and MV1306 (EXPOCODE 318M20130508) along the Global Ocean Ship-Based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP) Section P02 in the North Pacific Ocean from 2013-03-21 to 2013-06-01. The cruises started in Yokohama, Japan and ended in San Diego, CA. This effort was conducted in support of the Global Ocean Ship-Based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP) and NOAA's Climate Program Office (CPO). The major objectives of the project were to and to continue a time series documenting the distribution of surface and atmospheric fCO2, salinity, temperature, and other parameters, and to characterize and map the key indicators of ocean acidification (OA) across the Pacific Ocean. Funding Information: NOAA's Climate Program Office and Ocean Acidification Program (Surface Water pCO2 Measurements from Ships; West Coast Ocean Acidification Monitoring Network: Ships of Opportunity) completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0200367 Preview graphic PNG 0200367 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2019-08-23 publication Delta pCO2 Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water SALINITY - SURFACE WATER SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer showerhead equilibrator instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical meteorological physical surface underway theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS R/V Melville platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Ship of Opportunity Programme (SOOP) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS North Pacific Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/OAR/PMEL > Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian MV1305 MV1306 project Cruise ID 318M20130321 318M20130508 project EXPOCODE Ocean Acidification Program (OAP) Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE > PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS > SURFACE SALINITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Surface underway theme OCADS Study Type SAL(TSG)_PERMIL SST(TSG)_C fCO2W@SST_uATM, pCO2W@SST_uATM pCO2A_uatm, fCO2A_uatm xCO2A_interpolated_ppm xCO2A_ppm xCO2W_ppm theme Provider Variable Abbreviations CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS EQUILIBRATORS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian MELVILLE (call sign: WECB, ICES code: 318M, 1969-) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Equatorial Pacific Pacific Ocean place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: Public otherRestrictions Cite as: Cosca, Catherine E.; Alin, Simone R.; Feely, Richard A.; Lebon, Geoffrey T. (2019). Partial pressure and fugacity of carbon dioxide (pCO2/fCO2), temperature, salinity and other variables collected from surface underway observations using shower head equilibrator, carbon dioxide gas detector and other instruments during R/V Melville cruises MV1305 (EXPOCODE 318M20130321) and MV1306 (EXPOCODE 318M20130508) along the Global Ocean Ship-Based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP) Section P02 in the North Pacific Ocean from 2013-03-21 to 2013-06-01 (NCEI Accession 0200367). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/w1t4-g438. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Pierrot, D., Neill, C., Sullivan, K., Castle, R., Wanninkhof, R., Lüger, H., Johannessen, T., Olsen, A., Feely, R. A., & Cosca, C. E. (2009). Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 56(8–10), 512–522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 2009-04 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 related journal article information Pierrot, Denis author Neill, Craig author Sullivan, Kevin author Castle, Robert author Wanninkhof, Rik author Lüger, Heike author Johannessen, Truls author Olsen, Are author Feely, Richard A. author Cosca, Catherine E. author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 56(8-10) ISSN 0967-0645, pp. 512-522 crossReference project Feely, R. A., Wanninkhof, R., Milburn, H. B., Cosca, C. E., Stapp, M., & P. Murphy, P. (1998). A new automated underway system for making high precision pCO2 measurements onboard research ships. Analytica Chimica Acta, 377(2–3), 185–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00388-2 1998-12 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00388-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00388-2 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00388-2 related journal article information Feely, Richard A. author Wanninkhof, Rik author Milburn, Hugh B. author Cosca, Catherine E. author Stapp, Mike author P. Murphy, Paulette author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Analytica Chimica Acta 377(2-3) ISSN 0003-2670, pp. 185-191 crossReference project Wanninkhof, R., & Thoning, K. (1993). Measurement of fugacity of CO2 in surface water using continuous and discrete sampling methods. Marine Chemistry, 44(2–4), 189–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90202-y 1993-12 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90202-y https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90202-y HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90202-y related journal article information Wanninkhof, Rik author Thoning, Kirk author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Marine Chemistry 44(2-4) ISSN 0304-4203, pp. 189-204 crossReference project GO-SHIP Repeat Section P02 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/RepeatSections/clivar_p02.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/RepeatSections/clivar_p02.html Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory Carbon Program publication https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/ HTTPS https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/ Related resource information documentDigital crossReference project eng; USA utf8 environment oceans climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere 134.1 -121.2 20.9 30.05 2013-03-21 2013-06-01 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 4.268 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0200367.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.25921/w1t4-g438 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/200367 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/200367 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0143/0200367/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0200367 v1.1 was published. 2019-08-23T20:53:19Z NCEI Accession 0200367 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0200367/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0200367 v1.1 published 2019-08-23T20:53:19Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: pCO2 (fCO2) autonomous; Abbreviation: fCO2W@SST_uATM, pCO2W@SST_uATM; Unit: uatm; Observation type: Surface underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: Fugacity of CO2 is obtained by correcting the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) for non-ideality of the gas with respect to molecular interactions between CO2 and other gases in air. See Pierrot et al. for details on how the correction is made.; Sampling instrument: Seawater pump; Location of seawater intake: Bow; Analyzing instrument: General Oceanics 8050. PMEL system ID: GO12; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: The sampling and analyzing methods of the Neill/General Oceanics Underway pCO2 systems are described in detail in: Pierrot, D., C. Neill, K. Sullivan, R. Castle, R. Wanninkhof, H. Lüger, T. Johannessen, A. Olsen, R.A. Feely, and C.E. Cosca (2009): Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines. Deep-Sea Res. II, 56(8-10), 512-522, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005.; Equilibrator type: Shower head; Equilibrator volume: ~0.5 L; Is the equilibrator vented or not: Vented; Water flow rate: 3 L/min; Gas flow rate: ~0.8 L/m; How was temperature inside the equilibrator measured: Hart Scientific model 1521 digital thermometer, serial number 132061, with an NIST traceable model 5610 thermistor probe, serial number B180905. Accurate to ± 0.01°C.; How was pressure inside the equilibrator measured: Setra 239 differential pressure transducer, accurate to ± 0.15 hPa. The equilibrator was passively vented to a secondary equilibrator, and the Licor sample output was vented to the laboratory when CO2 measurements were made, thus equilibrator headspace pressure was assumed to be laboratory pressure.; Drying method for gas: From Pierrot et al.: Sample air is dried in a condenser that is cooled to 4-5 oC by a Peltier thermoelectric device. This partially dried air flushes a chamber that is vented and remains at ambient pressure. The dried air inside the chamber is used as the counter flow in the Nafion® tubing. A vacuum pump pulls the dried air from the chamber first through a fixed restrictor and then through the Nafion® tubes, thus creating an absolute pressure and corresponding partial pressure gradient for water vapor across the membrane. When atmospheric air is measured, some of the partially dried air (80-100 ml/min) is pushed through a Nafion® tube, the analyzer and out a vent instead of flushing the chamber. The headspace gas, when being measured, is circulated in a closed loop through the analyzer at a rate similar to that of the atmospheric air (80-100 ml/min). It is dried first in the condenser, then in a Nafion® tube prior to entering the analyzer and being returned to the equilibrator. Typically, the water mole fraction (xH2O) in the dried gas is about 2 parts per thousand (ppt), which corresponds to a dew point temperature of about -20 °C. The liquid water condensed out of the sample air streams is removed by peristaltic pumps into the vent equilibrator at intervals determined by the user.; SEA CO2 gas detector manufacturer: Licor, Inc; SEA CO2 gas detector model: Licor 7000, IRG4-1045; SEA CO2 gas detector resolution: 0.2 uatm; SEA CO2 gas detector uncertainty: 0.3 uatm for equilibrator measurements; ATM CO2 gas detector manufacturer: Licor, Inc; ATM CO2 gas detector model: IRG4-0560; ATM CO2 gas detector resolution: 0.2 µatm; ATM CO2 gas detector uncertainty: 0.3 µatm for equilibrator measurements, 0.2 µatm for atmospheric measurements; Standardization technique: The system runs a full cycle in approximately 6 hours. The cycle starts with 4 standard gases, then measures two rounds of 6 atmopherice samples followed by 50 surface water samples. Each new gas is flushed through the Licor Analyzer for 3 minutes prior to a stop-flow measurement.; Standardization frequency: Every 6 hours; Standard gas manufacturer: Standard gases are supplied by NOAA’s Earth System Research Laboratory, Global Monitoring Division, in Boulder, CO, and are directly traceable to the WMO scale.; Standard gas concentration: LL70570, 248.49 ppm; LL81353, 347.20 ppm; LL55878, 405.96 ppm; LL108056, 506.20 ppm; Standard gas uncertainty: 0.01 ppm; Water vapor correction method: Details of the data reduction are described in Pierrot, et.al. (2009).; Temperature correction method: Details of the data reduction are described in Pierrot, et.al. (2009).; At what temperature was pCO2 reported: In situ sea surface temperature; Quality flag convention: WOCE quality control flags are used: 2 = good value, 3 = questionable value, 4 = bad value; Method reference: Pierrot, D., Neill, C., Sullivan, K., Castle, R., Wanninkhof, R., Lüger, H., Johannessen, T., Olsen, A., Feely, R. A., & Cosca, C. E. (2009). Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 56(8-10), 512-522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005; Researcher name: Catherine E. Cosca; Researcher institution: Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Temperature; Abbreviation: SST(TSG)_C; Unit: Degree Celcius; Observation type: Surface Underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Seabird 45, maintained and calibrated yearly by ship personnel; Uncertainty: 0.0025 degrees Celsius Parameter or Variable: Salinity; Abbreviation: SAL(TSG)_PERMIL; Unit: permil; Observation type: Surface Underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Seabird 45, serial number 4539646-0143; Uncertainty: 0.005 Parameter or Variable: Mole fraction of CO2 in the equilibrator headspace (dry) at equilibrator temperature; Abbreviation: xCO2W_ppm; Unit: ppm; Observation type: Surface Underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Licor 7000, IRG4-1045; Uncertainty: 0.3 ppm; Method reference: See Pierrot et al. for details. Parameter or Variable: Mole fraction of CO2 measured in dry outside air; Abbreviation: xCO2A_ppm; Unit: ppm; Observation type: Underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Sampling instrument: Licor 7000, IRG4-1045; Uncertainty: 0.2 ppm; Method reference: See Pierrot et al. for details. Parameter or Variable: Mole fraction of CO2 measured in dry outside air associated with each water analysis.; Abbreviation: xCO2A_interpolated_ppm; Unit: ppm; Observation type: Underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: Values are interpolated between measurements of xCO2A_ppm; Sampling instrument: Licor 7000, IRG4-1045; Uncertainty: 0.2 ppm; Method reference: See Pierrot et al. for details. Parameter or Variable: Partial pressure and fugacity of CO2 in air corresponding to the interpolated xCO2 (xCO2A_interpolated_ppm) at SST and 100% humidity; Abbreviation: pCO2A_uatm, fCO2A_uatm; Unit: µatm; Observation type: Surface Underway; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation; Measured or calculated: Measured; Calculation method and parameters: Values are interpolated between measurements of xCO2A_ppm; Sampling instrument: Licor 7000, IRG4-1045; Uncertainty: 0.2 µatm; Method reference: See Pierrot et al. for details. asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. showerhead equilibrator showerhead equilibrator extracts dissolved CO2 from water A carbon dioxide equilibrator is usually in the shape of a vertical tube, with a showerhead on the top, some headspace, a lot of beads to increase the surface exchange area between water and air, a water seal device at the bottom to allow water to overflow, but prevents air exchange between inside and outside. Carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer (insttypes_id 183) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. R/V Melville Hull Classification: AGOR-14. It is a research vessel operated by Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Commissioned on 10 July 1968 and the current status is active. https://scripps.ucsd.edu/ships/melville