gov.noaa.nodc:0168340 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-03-26T06:58:16Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Underway pCO2 Measurements in Surface Waters and the Atmosphere During R/V Xue Long CHINARE2014 Expedition in the west Arctic Ocean from 2014-07-27 to 2014-09-09 (NCEI Accession 0168340) 2017-11-18 publication 2017-11-16 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.7289/v5dj5cwf NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0168340 NCEI Archive Management System 0168340 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Wei-Jun Cai University of Delaware wcai@udel.edu http://www.udel.edu/ HTTP University of Delaware website Institution web page information resourceProvider University of Delaware http://www.udel.edu/ HTTP University of Delaware website Institution web page information resourceProvider Liqi Chen Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry (GCMAC) chenliqi@jmu.edu.cn http://en.tio.org.cn/web/aboutUs/office.html?uuid=2 HTTP Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry (GCMAC) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Wei-Jun Cai University of Delaware wcai@udel.edu http://www.udel.edu/ HTTP University of Delaware website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Zhangxian Ouyang University of Delaware ouyzhx@udel.edu http://www.udel.edu/ HTTP University of Delaware website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Di Qi State Oceanic Administration, Third Institute of Oceanography qidi@tio.org.cn collaborator Chen, Liqi Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry (GCMAC) chenliqi@jmu.edu.cn http://en.tio.org.cn/web/aboutUs/office.html?uuid=2 HTTP Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine-Atmospheric Chemistry (GCMAC) website Institution web page information author Qi, Di State Oceanic Administration, Third Institute of Oceanography qidi@tio.org.cn author Ouyang, Zhangxian University of Delaware http://www.udel.edu/ HTTP University of Delaware website Institution web page information author Cai, Wei-Jun University of Delaware http://www.udel.edu/ HTTP University of Delaware website Institution web page information author University of Delaware http://www.udel.edu/ HTTP University of Delaware website Institution web page information contributor State Oceanic Administration, Third Institute of Oceanography http://www.tio.org.cn/ HTTP State Oceanic Administration, Third Institute of Oceanography website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital The underway surface and atmospheric CO2 levels were measured in the west Arctic Ocean during the 6th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition (CHINARE2014) from 2014-07-27 to 2014-09-09. The system was monitored and calibrated with three certified gas standards and a zero gas every 3 hours. The dataset was reduced by the MatLab program pCO2 Sys v126, following the procedure in Pierrot et al. (2009). This dataset includes measurements of fugacity of CO2 (fCO2) in sea water at sea water temperature, fugacity of CO2 (fCO2) in atmosphere, sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, atmospheric pressure, and delta fCO2 between sea water and atmosphere (fCO2w - fCO2a). This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis. Funding Information: National Natural Science Foundation of China (41230529) Funding Information: National Natural Science Foundation of China (41476172) Funding Information: National Natural Science Foundation of China (41476173) Funding Information: National Natural Science Foundation of China (41406221) Funding Information: US National Science Foundation (NSF) (ARC-0909330) Funding Information: US National Science Foundation (NSF) (PLR-1304337) completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0168340 Preview graphic PNG 0168340 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2017-11-15 publication BAROMETRIC PRESSURE Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water SALINITY - SURFACE WATER SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer showerhead equilibrator instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical meteorological physical surface underway theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS XUE LONG platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS State Oceanic Administration, Third Institute of Oceanography University of Delaware dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS University of Delaware dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Ship of Opportunity Programme (SOOP) project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Arctic Ocean Chukchi Sea place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication CHINARE14 project Cruise ID 76XL20140727 project EXPOCODE Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE > PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS > SURFACE SALINITY EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Surface underway theme OCADS Study Type CHINARE14 R/V Xue Long theme Provider Keywords PRES_ATM@SSP PRES_EQU SSS SST TEMP_EQU dfCO2 fCO2_ATM_interpolated fCO2_SW@SST xCO2_ATM_interpolated xCO2_EQU theme Provider Variable Abbreviations CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS EQUILIBRATORS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian OCEAN > ARCTIC OCEAN OCEAN > ARCTIC OCEAN > CHUKCHI SEA place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Arctic Ocean place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: Public otherRestrictions Cite as: Chen, Liqi; Qi, Di; Ouyang, Zhangxian; Cai, Wei-Jun (2017). Underway pCO2 Measurements in Surface Waters and the Atmosphere During R/V Xue Long CHINARE2014 Expedition in the west Arctic Ocean from 2014-07-27 to 2014-09-09 (NCEI Accession 0168340). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.7289/v5dj5cwf. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Pierrot, D., Neill, C., Sullivan, K., Castle, R., Wanninkhof, R., Lüger, H., Johannessen, T., Olsen, A., Feely, R. A., & Cosca, C. E. (2009). Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 56(8–10), 512–522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 2009-04 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 related journal article information Pierrot, Denis author Neill, Craig author Sullivan, Kevin author Castle, Robert author Wanninkhof, Rik author Lüger, Heike author Johannessen, Truls author Olsen, Are author Feely, Richard A. author Cosca, Catherine E. author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 56(8-10) ISSN 0967-0645, pp. 512-522 crossReference project R/V Xue Long Expeditions Underway Data 2022 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/Xuelong.html HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/VOS_Program/Xuelong.html Related resource information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program eng; USA utf8 environment oceans climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere -170.3 -138.5 65 81.3 2014-07-27 2014-09-09 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. Originator data format 2.28 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0168340.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.7289/v5dj5cwf HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/168340 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/168340 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0113/0168340/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). 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You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0168340 v1.1 was published. 2017-11-18T03:36:05Z NCEI Accession 0168340 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0168340/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0168340 v1.1 published 2017-11-18T03:36:05Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: pCO2 (fCO2) autonomous; Abbreviation: fCO2_SW@SST; Unit: micro-atmosphere; Observation type: surface underway; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: underway water pump; Location of seawater intake: near seachest with ice grating (port side of Xuelong); Analyzing instrument: underway pCO2 GO-system; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: see Pierrot et al., 2009; Equilibrator type: Sprayhead above dynamic pool, no thermal jacket (shower head type equilibrator); Equilibrator volume: 0.95 L (0.4 L water, 0.55 L headspace); Is the equilibrator vented or not: No; Water flow rate: 1.5 - 2.5 L/min; Gas flow rate: 70 - 150 ml/min; Drying method for gas: Gas stream passes through a thermoelectric condenser (~5 deg C) and then through a Perma Pure (Nafion) dryer before reaching the analyzer (90% dry).; SEA CO2 gas detector manufacturer: LI-COR; SEA CO2 gas detector resolution: 0.01 microatmosphere; SEA CO2 gas detector uncertainty: 1 microatmospheres; Standardization frequency: every 3 hours; Standard gas concentration: 0, 244.25, 366.86, 546.98 ppm; At what temperature was pCO2 reported: in situ temperature; Uncertainty: 2 microatmosphere in fCO2_SW; Quality flag convention: 2=good, 3=questionable; Method reference: Pierrot, D., Neill, C., Sullivan, K., Castle, R., Wanninkhof, R., Lüger, H., Johannessen, T., Olsen, A., Feely, R. A., & Cosca, C. E. (2009). Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 56(8-10), 512-522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Temperature; Abbreviation: SST; Unit: degree Celsius; Analyzing instrument: Seabird (SEB); Uncertainty: Accuracy: 0.01 degree Celsius; Precision: 0.001 degree Celsius Parameter or Variable: Sea Surface Salinity; Abbreviation: SSS; Unit: (none); Sampling instrument: Seabird (SEB-45); Uncertainty: Accuracy: 0.005 ; Precision: 0.0002 Parameter or Variable: Atmospheric Pressure at the sea surface; Abbreviation: PRES_ATM@SSP; Unit: hPa Parameter or Variable: Temperature recorded from inside the equilibrator; Abbreviation: TEMP_EQU; Unit: degree Celsius Parameter or Variable: Pressure inside the equilibrator; Abbreviation: PRES_EQU; Unit: hPa Parameter or Variable: Mole fraction of carbon dioxide inside the equilibrator; Abbreviation: xCO2_EQU; Unit: ppm Parameter or Variable: Mole fraction of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere; Abbreviation: xCO2_ATM_interpolated; Unit: ppm Parameter or Variable: Fugacity of seawater carbon dioxide after corrected to the in-situ sea surface temperature; Abbreviation: fCO2_SW@SST; Unit: microatmosphere Parameter or Variable: Interpolated atmospheric fCO2; Abbreviation: fCO2_ATM_interpolated; Unit: microatmosphere Parameter or Variable: Delta fCO2 between sea water and atmosphere (fCO2w - fCO2a); Abbreviation: dfCO2; Unit: microatmosphere asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. showerhead equilibrator showerhead equilibrator extracts dissolved CO2 from water A carbon dioxide equilibrator is usually in the shape of a vertical tube, with a showerhead on the top, some headspace, a lot of beads to increase the surface exchange area between water and air, a water seal device at the bottom to allow water to overflow, but prevents air exchange between inside and outside. Carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer (insttypes_id 183) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. XUE LONG R/V icebreaker, IMO 8877899, Owner: Polar Research Institute of China, Overall length (meters): 167.0(m) https://en.pric.org.cn/index.php?c=category&id=90 Additional equipment: Dolphin helicopter Overall length (meters): 11.44 Registration no.: B-7102 Call sign: 7102