gov.noaa.nodc:0157455 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2026-07-07T06:27:26Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, salinity and other variables collected from Surface underway observations using Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer and other instruments from NOAA Ship MALCOLM BALDRIGE in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Gulf of Mexico and North Atlantic Ocean from 1996-03-30 to 1996-04-18 (NCEI Accession 0157455) 2016-12-11 publication 2016-12-11 creation International DOI Foundation (IDF) 10.3334/cdiac/otg.coast_fsle_33mw19960330 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0157455 NCEI Archive Management System 0157455 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Alex Kozyr Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies (CISESS) Alex.Kozyr@noaa.gov https://cisess.umd.edu/ HTTPS Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies (CISESS) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) resourceProvider Rik Wanninkhof NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) Rik.Wanninkhof@noaa.gov https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Robert D. Castle NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) robert.castle@noaa.gov https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information principalInvestigator Wanninkhof, Rik NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information author Castle, Robert D. NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information author NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) https://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ HTTPS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) website Institution web page information contributor tableDigital This dataset includes Surface underway, chemical and physical data collected from NOAA Ship MALCOLM BALDRIGE in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Gulf of Mexico and North Atlantic Ocean from 1996-03-30 to 1996-04-18. These data include AIR-SEA DIFFERENCE - PARTIAL PRESSURE (OR FUGACITY) OF CARBON DIOXIDE, Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere, Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - water, SALINITY and SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE. The instruments used to collect these data include Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer. These data were collected by Rik Wanninkhof and Robert D. Castle of NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) as part of the COAST_FSLE_33MW19960330 dataset. CDIAC associated the following cruise ID(s) with this dataset: 33MW19960330 This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis. Funding Information: NOAA completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0157455 Preview graphic PNG 0157455 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2016-12-11 publication AIR-SEA DIFFERENCE - PARTIAL PRESSURE (OR FUGACITY) OF CARBON DIOXIDE Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - atmosphere partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water SALINITY SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS chemical physical surface underway theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS NOAA Ship Malcolm Baldrige platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Gulf of Mexico North Atlantic Ocean place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/OAR/AOML > Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, OAR, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce DOE/ORNL/ESD/CDIAC > Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. S. Department of Energy dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian 33MW19960330 project EXPOCODE Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS) Project project Ocean Acidification Search Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY > CARBON AND HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS > ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE > PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > CARBON DIOXIDE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Surface underway theme OCADS Study Type Eq Temp Pressure QC SST (TSG) Sal (TSG) dfCO2 f(CO2)a f(CO2)w, equil f(CO2)w, in situ xCO2,a xCO2,w theme Provider Variable Abbreviations CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Ships platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Malcolm Baldrige (call sign: WTER, ICES code: 33MW, 1988-1996) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > GULF OF AMERICA OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN > GULF OF MEXICO place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 24 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Atlantic Ocean place Provider Geographic Names accessLevel: public otherRestrictions Cite as: Wanninkhof, Rik; Castle, Robert D. (2016). Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, salinity and other variables collected from Surface underway observations using Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer and other instruments from NOAA Ship MALCOLM BALDRIGE in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Gulf of Mexico and North Atlantic Ocean from 1996-03-30 to 1996-04-18 (NCEI Accession 0157455). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.coast_fsle_33mw19960330. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. Wanninkhof, R., and R. Castle (2016). Sea Surface and Atmospheric fCO2 data measured onboard the R/V Roger Revelle during the Florida Shelf Lagrangian Experiment (FSLE) cruise. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, COAST_FSLE_33MW19960330. 2016 publication COAST_FSLE_33MW19960330 Wanninkhof, R., and R. Castle author Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) publisher Ocean CO2 [retrieved from http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/oceans/COAST_FSLE/] crossReference Dickson, A. G., & Goyet, C. (1994). Handbook of methods for the analysis of the various parameters of the carbon dioxide system in sea water. Version 2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI). https://doi.org/10.2172/10107773 1994-09-01 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.2172/10107773 https://doi.org/10.2172/10107773 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.2172/10107773 related report information Dickson, A.G. author Goyet, C. author Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI) publisher documentDigital crossReference project Feely, R. A., Wanninkhof, R., Milburn, H. B., Cosca, C. E., Stapp, M., & P. Murphy, P. (1998). A new automated underway system for making high precision pCO2 measurements onboard research ships. Analytica Chimica Acta, 377(2–3), 185–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00388-2 1998-12 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00388-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00388-2 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00388-2 related journal article information Feely, Richard A. author Wanninkhof, Rik author Milburn, Hugh B. author Cosca, Catherine E. author Stapp, Mike author P. Murphy, Paulette author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Analytica Chimica Acta 377(2-3) ISSN 0003-2670, pp. 185-191 crossReference project Ho, D. T., R. Wanninkhof, J. Masters, R. A. Feely and C. E. Cosca (1997). Measurement of underway fCO2 in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific on NOAA ships BALDRIGE and DISCOVERER, NOAA data report ERL AOML-30, 52 pp., NTIS Springfield. https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9391. 1997 publication noaa:9391 https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9391 HTTPS https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/9391 Related technical report information Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory author Ho, David T. author documentDigital NOAA data report ERL AOML 30 crossReference project Pierrot, D., Neill, C., Sullivan, K., Castle, R., Wanninkhof, R., Lüger, H., Johannessen, T., Olsen, A., Feely, R. A., & Cosca, C. E. (2009). Recommendations for autonomous underway pCO2 measuring systems and data-reduction routines. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 56(8-10), 512–522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 2009-04 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.005 related journal article information Pierrot, Denis author Neill, Craig author Sullivan, Kevin author Castle, Robert author Wanninkhof, Rik author Lüger, Heike author Johannessen, Truls author Olsen, Are author Feely, Richard A. author Cosca, Catherine E. author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 56(8-10) ISSN 0967-0645, pp. 512-522 crossReference project Wanninkhof, R., & Thoning, K. (1993). Measurement of fugacity of CO2 in surface water using continuous and discrete sampling methods. Marine Chemistry, 44(2–4), 189–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90202-y 1993-12 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90202-y https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90202-y HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(93)90202-y related journal article information Wanninkhof, Rik author Thoning, Kirk author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Marine Chemistry 44(2-4) ISSN 0304-4203, pp. 189-204 crossReference project Wanninkhof, R., Hitchcock, G., Wiseman, W. J., Vargo, G., Ortner, P. B., Asher, W., Ho, D. T., Schlosser, P., Dickson, M., Masserini, R., Fanning, K., & Zhang, J. (1997). Gas exchange, dispersion, and biological productivity on the West Florida Shelf: Results from a Lagrangian Tracer Study. Geophysical Research Letters, 24(14), 1767–1770. https://doi.org/10.1029/97gl01757 1997-07-15 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1029/97gl01757 https://doi.org/10.1029/97gl01757 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1029/97gl01757 related journal article information Wanninkhof, Rik author Hitchcock, Gary author Wiseman, William J. author Vargo, Gabe author Ortner, Peter B. author Asher, William author Ho, David T. author Schlosser, Peter author Dickson, Mary‐Lynn author Masserini, Robert author Fanning, Kent author Zhang, Jia‐Zhong author American Geophysical Union (AGU) publisher documentDigital Geophysical Research Letters 24(14) ISSN 0094-8276, ISSN 1944-8007, pp. 1767-1770 crossReference project Weiss, R. F. (1970). The solubility of nitrogen, oxygen and argon in water and seawater. Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts, 17(4), 721–735. https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(70)90037-9 1970-08 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(70)90037-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(70)90037-9 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/0011-7471(70)90037-9 related journal article information Weiss, R.F. author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts 17(4) ISSN 0011-7471, pp. 721-735 crossReference project Weiss, R. F. (1974). Carbon dioxide in water and seawater: the solubility of a non-ideal gas. Marine Chemistry, 2(3), 203–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(74)90015-2 1974-11 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(74)90015-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(74)90015-2 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(74)90015-2 related journal article information Weiss, R.F. author Elsevier BV publisher documentDigital Marine Chemistry 2(3) ISSN 0304-4203, pp. 203-215 crossReference project Weiss, R. F., Jahnke, R. A., & Keeling, C. D. (1982). Seasonal effects of temperature and salinity on the partial pressure of CO2 in seawater. Nature, 300(5892), 511–513. https://doi.org/10.1038/300511a0 1982-12 publication International DOI Foundation (IDF) https://doi.org/10.1038/300511a0 https://doi.org/10.1038/300511a0 HTTPS https://doi.org/10.1038/300511a0 related journal article information Weiss, R. F. author Jahnke, R. A. author Keeling, C. D. author Springer Science and Business Media LLC publisher documentDigital Nature 300(5892) ISSN 0028-0836, ISSN 1476-4687, pp. 511-513 crossReference project NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system 2022-04 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system HTTPS https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system OCADS website information NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) publisher documentDigital [accessed 2024-02-08] crossReference program eng; USA utf8 environment oceans -84.49 -80.03 24.3 29.35 1996-03-30 1996-04-18 These data were acquired by NCEI from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) in accordance with an archival submission agreement between CDIAC and NCEI. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. CSV 0.94 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0157455.html HTTPS Web browser Project Metadata Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.coast_fsle_33mw19960330 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/157455 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/157455 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0101/0157455/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0157455 v1.1 was published. 2016-12-11T19:36:56Z NCEI Accession 0157455 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0157455/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0157455 v1.1 published 2016-12-11T19:36:56Z download dataset Parameter or Variable: xCO2,w; Abbreviation: xCO2,w; Unit: PPM; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: xCO2,a; Abbreviation: xCO2,a; Unit: PPM; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: Eq Temp; Abbreviation: Eq Temp; Unit: Degrees C; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: Pressure; Abbreviation: Pressure; Unit: millibars; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: SST (TSG); Abbreviation: SST (TSG); Unit: Degrees C; Controlled vocabulary name: SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: Sal (TSG); Abbreviation: Sal (TSG); Unit: permil; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: f(CO2)w, equil; Abbreviation: f(CO2)w, equil; Unit: microatmospheres; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: f(CO2)w, in situ; Abbreviation: f(CO2)w, in situ; Unit: microatmospheres; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: f(CO2)a; Abbreviation: f(CO2)a; Unit: microatmospheres; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: dfCO2; Abbreviation: dfCO2; Unit: microatmospheres; Controlled vocabulary name: AIR-SEA DIFFERENCE - PARTIAL PRESSURE (OR FUGACITY) OF CARBON DIOXIDE; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation Parameter or Variable: QC; Abbreviation: QC; Unit: Quality Flag: 2 = good, 3 = questionable, 4 = bad; In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ observation asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water. NOAA Ship Malcolm Baldrige Title: NOAA Ship Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Research Vessel (Oceanographic) DOB: 1968 IMO: 6901907 Hull Classification: OSS 03 Former Name: NOAA Ship RESEARCHER (1988) Decommissioned by NOAA: 1996