gov.noaa.nodc:0068294 eng utf8 dataset NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NOAA Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information custodian 2025-03-31T17:57:14Z ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) Global Daily Sea Ice Concentration Reprocessing Data Set for 1978-2007 from the EUMETSAT Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (NCEI Accession 0068294) 2010-11-01 publication 2010-11-01 creation NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information gov.noaa.nodc:0068294 NCEI Archive Management System 0068294 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information publisher Rasmus Tonboe Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) rtt@dmi.dk https://ocean.dmi.dk/ HTTPS Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) website Institution web page information resourceProvider Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF) https://osi-saf.eumetsat.int/ HTTPS Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF) website Institution web page information resourceProvider European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) https://www.eumetsat.int/ HTTPS European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) website Institution web page information contributor Tonboe, Rasmus Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) rtt@dmi.dk https://ocean.dmi.dk/ HTTPS Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) website Institution web page information author Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility https://osi-saf.eumetsat.int/ HTTPS Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF) website Institution web page information author tableDigital These data constitute the reprocessed sea ice concentration data set from the EUMETSAT Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF), covering the period from 1978-2007, with data from the Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I). The data set provides daily, global coverage at 10 km and 12.5 km spatial resolution. Ice concentration is computed from atmospherically corrected brightness temperatures, using a combination of state-of-the-art algorithms and dynamic tie-points. The data set includes uncertainty estimates for each grid cell (error estimates). Version 1 of the data set was released in early 2010. Sea ice is part of our changing climate system. Continuous monitoring of global sea ice on a daily basis started with the launch of SeaSat in June 1978 and Nimbus-7 in October of the same year, both carrying the scanning multichannel microwave radiometer instrument. Since the start of the operational production of sea ice products in 2002, the growing user base has brought more focus on expanding the available data set. As a result, in 2006 EUMETSAT began an effort to reprocess historical passive microwave data to extend the OSI SAF sea ice data set. completed historicalArchive NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact HTTPS NCEI Contact Information Information for contacts at NCEI. information pointOfContact asNeeded https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:0068294 Graphic not available. PNG 0068294 NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 2010-11-01 publication ICE ICE - COVERAGE theme NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS SMMR SSM/I instrument NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS derived products satellite data theme NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS DMSP F11 DMSP F13 DMSP F14 DMSP F15 DMSP F8 Nimbus-7 platform NODC PLATFORM NAMES THESAURUS European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites dataCentre NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility dataCentre NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) Pathfinder project NODC PROJECT NAMES THESAURUS Arctic Ocean Southern Ocean World-Wide Distribution place NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS oceanography theme WMO_CategoryCode 2012-09-15 publication DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NODC > National Oceanographic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce EUMETSAT > European Meteorological Satellite Organisation EUMETSAT/OSISAF > Satellite Application Facility on Ocean and Sea ice, European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites dataCentre Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian GHRSST > Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NOAA/NASA PATHFINDER > NOAA/NASA Pathfinder Program project Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Project Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SEA ICE > ICE EDGES EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SEA ICE > ICE EXTENT EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SEA ICE > ICE GROWTH/MELT EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SEA ICE > SEA ICE CONCENTRATION EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SNOW/ICE > ICE EXTENT EARTH SCIENCE > CRYOSPHERE > SNOW/ICE > ICE GROWTH/MELT EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SEA ICE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SEA ICE > ICE EDGES EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SEA ICE > ICE EXTENT EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SEA ICE > ICE GROWTH/MELT EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SEA ICE > SEA ICE CONCENTRATION theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian SMMR > Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer SSM/I > Special Sensor Microwave/Imager instrument Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian DMSP 5D-2/F11 > Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F11 DMSP 5D-2/F13 > Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F13 DMSP 5D-2/F14 > Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F14 DMSP 5D-2/F15 > Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F15 DMSP 5D-2/F8 > Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F8 Nimbus-7 > Nimbus-7 platform Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Nimbus-7 (ICES code: 336K, 1978-1994) platform ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes GEOGRAPHIC REGION > GLOBAL OCEAN OCEAN > ARCTIC OCEAN OCEAN > SOUTHERN OCEAN place Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian Vertical Location > Sea Surface stratum Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Stratum Keywords 2026 revision 23 Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Greenbelt MD https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords HTTPS GCMD Keyword Forum Page Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords information custodian accessLevel: Public otherRestrictions Cite as: Tonboe, Rasmus; Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (2010). Global Daily Sea Ice Concentration Reprocessing Data Set for 1978-2007 from the EUMETSAT Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (NCEI Accession 0068294). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0068294. Accessed [date]. Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. eng; USA utf8 environment oceans -180 180 -90 90 1978-10-25 2007-12-31 ABOUT THE PROJECT: Sea ice is a part of our changing climate system. Continuous monitoring of sea ice globally on a daily basis started with the launch of SeaSat in June 1978 and Nimbus-7 in October of the same year, both with a SMMR instrument on board. SMMR was the first multi-frequency and dual polarization microwave radiometer satellite instrument which was particularly well suited for sea ice monitoring. American satellite microwave radiometer instruments still provide sea ice observations today in an unbroken record since 1978. The Nimbus-7 SMMR brightness temperature data from October 1978 to August 1987 was provided by OSI-SAF's partner in the project, the U.S. National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). EUMETSAT purchased the DMSP SSM/I data from Remote Sensing Systems. EUMETSAT initiated the reprocessing of both microwave radiometer datasets in 2005 and the OSI-SAF team developed a new processing chain and selected new algorithms. The initial development has been done in cooperation with the Met Office and NSIDC. Further development is ongoing. Both the SMMR and SSM/I data sets from October 1978 to December 2007 for both hemispheres have been processed using a sea ice concentration algorithm and methodology which is consistent for all 7 sensors throughout the time series. The first version of the global sea ice concentration data set was complete in 2010. Updates are planned with current satellites. DATA SET INFORMATION: The data are available in two projections: Polar Stereographic and Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area. Polar Stereographic files are at 10km spatial resolution, and Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area files are at 12.5km spatial resolution. Both projections are stored in two files per day; one each for the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. All files are in Climate Forecast-compliant netCDF format. CITATION INFORMATION: When using these data, please acknowledge EUMETSAT by referring to: EUMETSAT Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility. Global sea ice concentration reprocessing data set 1978-2007 (v1, 2010), [Online]. Norwegian and Danish Meteorological Institutes. Available from http://osisaf.met.no. These data are used as the auxiliary sea ice field for the AVHRR Pathfinder Version 6 Sea Surface Temperature product, which is produced as part of the Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 ncei.info@noaa.gov pointOfContact In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions. netCDF 3 GZIP 175247.756 https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0068294 HTTPS Web browser NCEI Dataset Landing Page Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/68294 HTTPS Web browser Descriptive Information Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links. information https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/68294 HTTPS Web browser HTTPS Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. download ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0041/0068294/ FTP Any FTP client FTP These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP). download dataset NCEI Accession 0068294 v1.1 was published. 2010-11-01T19:12:23Z NCEI Accession 0068294 v1.1 publication https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0068294/1.1 HTTPS NCEI Accession 0068294 v1.1 published 2010-11-01T19:12:23Z download repository NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015. 2015-04-22T00:00:00 asNeeded Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information custodian SMMR SMMR Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer The Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) is an imaging 5-frequency radiometer flown on the Seasat and Nimbus-7 earth satellites launched in 1978. It measures dual-polarized microwave radiances from the earth's atmosphere and surface, primarily for the purpose of deriving global and nearly all-weather measurements of sea surface temperature, wind speed, and atmospheric liquid water and water vapor. The scanning multichannel microwave radiometer represents an advance in passive microwave observation technologies. Developed to obtain sea surface temperatures, wind stress, sea ice coverage and terrain parameters, the instrument made it possible for the first time to positively differentiate between ice types using satellite observations. (From: http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov:2031/SENSOR_DOCS/smmr.html) SSM/I SSM/I Special Sensor Microwave Imager The Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) is a passive microwave radiometer flown aboard Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites: DMSP F-8, DMSP F-10, DMSP F-11, DMSP F-12, and DMSP F-13. The SSM/I is a seven-channel, four-frequency, linearly-polarized, passive microwave radiometric system which measures atmospheric, ocean and terrain microwave brightness temperatures at 19.35, 22.235, 37.0, and 85.5 GHz. (From: http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov:2031/sensor_docs/ssmi.html) DMSP F11 https://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/58 Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) F11 Satellite. DMSP provides global visible and infrared cloud data and other specialized meteorological, oceanographic and solar-geophysical data in support of worldwide U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) operations. The DMSP F11 satellite was launched in November 1991 with a near circular, sun synchronous, polar orbit. DMSP F13 Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) F13 satellite. DMSP provides global visible and infrared cloud data and other specialized meteorological, oceanographic and solar-geophysical data in support of worldwide U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) operations. The DMSP F13 satellite was launched in March 1995 with a near circular, sun synchronous, polar orbit. The satellite exploded on 3 February 2015. DMSP F14 https://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/61 Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) F14 satellite. DMSP provides global visible and infrared cloud data and other specialized meteorological, oceanographic and solar-geophysical data in support of worldwide U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) operations. The DMSP F14 satellite was launched in April 1997 with a near circular, sun synchronous, polar orbit. DMSP F15 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense_Meteorological_Satellite_Program#Block_5D Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) F15 satellite. DMSP provides global visible and infrared cloud data and other specialized meteorological, oceanographic and solar-geophysical data in support of worldwide U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) operations. The DMSP F15 satellite was launched in December 1999 with a near circular, sun synchronous, polar orbit. DMSP F8 https://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/55 Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) F8 satellite. DMSP provides global visible and infrared cloud data and other specialized meteorological, oceanographic and solar-geophysical data in support of worldwide U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) operations. The DMSP F8 satellite was launched in June 1987 with a near circular, sun synchronous, polar orbit. Nimbus-7 Updated information from ICES for the platform NIMBUS-7 from UNITED STATES. Name Nimbus-7 Country(s) US: UNITED STATES Platform Class 65: Orbiting satellite Commissioned Date 1978 Decommissioned Date 1994 Notes - NASA Research-and-development satellite. Information Source (URL) - http://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/321 Confirmed by NOAA on 2018-08-08. OTHER INFORMATION: The Nimbus satellites are second-generation meteorological research and development spacecraft designed to serve as stabilized, earth-oriented platforms for the testing of advanced systems to sense and collect atmospheric science data. Seven Nimbus spacecraft have been launched by U.S. NASA and NOAA into near-polar, sun-synchronous orbits beginning with Nimbus 1 on August 28, 1964. Nimbus-7 is the last in that series and was launched on October 25, 1978.